Nostalgia is like a shallow strait, I am at this end, and the mainland is at the other end. Taiwan has historically been a factor of instability. As early as 1624, the Netherlands invaded Taiwan by force. In 1662, the Ming Dynasty general Zheng Chenggong led his troops to drive a

Nostalgia is like a shallow strait, I am at this end, and the mainland is at the other end.

- Yu Guangzhong " Nostalgia "

Taiwan has been an unstable factor in history. Due to its geographical importance, Taiwan will inevitably become a battleground for military strategists.

Taiwan has been an inherent territory of China since ancient times, but it has often been separated from the embrace of the motherland for a long time due to various factors.

As early as 1624, the Netherlands invaded Taiwan by force. In 1662, Ming Dynasty general Zheng Chenggong led his troops to drive away the Dutch invaders and successfully regained Taiwan; but later Taiwan was occupied by the Ming and Zheng regime in order to unify Taiwan. , In 1683 (the 22nd year of Kangxi), Kangxi ordered Shi Lang to lead his army to unify Taiwan.

However, the good times did not last long. Only more than 200 years later, in 1895, China was defeated in the Sino-Japanese War of 1895, and had no choice but to sign the "Treaty of Shimonoseki" with Japan, ceding Taiwan to Japan; 50 years later, in 1945 , China won the Anti-Japanese War, and Taiwan returned to the embrace of the motherland.

In 1949, with the founding of New China, the remaining forces of the Kuomintang under the leadership of Chiang Kai-shek retreated to Taiwan, the Taiwan issue was formed.

After the formation of the Taiwan issue, the Party Central Committee and even the entire Chinese people have never forgotten the Taiwan issue and have been making suggestions for the proper resolution of the Taiwan issue and contributing to the reunification of China.

In the blink of an eye, 33 years have passed. On July 24, 1982, Deng Xiaoping sent Liao Chengzhi to write a personal letter to Taiwan leader Chiang Ching-kuo . This is the famous "Liao Chengzhi's Letter to Mr. Chiang Ching-kuo".

However, Chiang Ching-kuo's stepmother - Soong Meiling replied with only 9 words, which brought the cross-strait relations that had just begun to warm up to the freezing point again.

So, which 9 words did Song Meiling reply? What did Liao Chengzhi write in his letter to Chiang Ching-kuo? This also starts with the recovery of cross-strait relations.

The proposal of the great concepts of "Ye Jiu Tiao" and " One Country, Two Systems "

Since the reform and opening up in 1978, our country has gradually changed the current main task of the country from class struggle to economic development. At this time, Taiwan's economy entered a golden period of development under the leadership of the then Taiwan leader Chiang Ching-kuo, making Taiwan one of the famous " Asian Tigers ". Therefore, properly solving the Taiwan issue was gradually Put it on the agenda.

On January 1, 1979, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress published the "Message to Compatriots in Taiwan" in the People's Daily, proposing to end the military confrontation between the two sides and peacefully resolve the Taiwan issue. At the same time, the then Defense Minister Xu Xiangqian ordered to stop the shelling of Kinmen Island, Dadan Island , Erdan Island and other islands.

A year later, Deng Yingchao expressed in public that he hoped that the Taiwan authorities could keep pace with the times, align themselves with the goal of reunification of the motherland, and safeguard the fundamental interests of the country and nation. At the same time, Deng Yingchao emphasized that completing the reunification of the motherland is a major task for the entire party to complete in the next 10 years.

On September 30, 1981, Ye Jianying, then Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, put forward 9 suggestions on the Taiwan issue, which are the famous "Ye Jiu Tiao" (hereinafter referred to as "Ye Jiu Tiao").

When Ye Jianying was interviewed by reporters, he comprehensively and systematically elaborated on various principles and policies for properly resolving the Taiwan issue, and outlined a great blueprint for the reunification of the motherland.

"Ye Jiutiao" is an important instruction given by Deng Yingchao and others who have done a lot of work and conducted an in-depth and detailed systematic assessment of the economy, trade, culture and other aspects between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait. It can be said that "Ye Jiutiao" is the predecessor of the great concept of "one country, two systems" proposed by Deng Xiaoping, because it already contains the proper meaning of "one country, two systems".

Shortly after Ye Jianying proposed "Ye Jiu Tiao", it caused an uproar on both sides of the Taiwan Strait and was well received by the people of the mainland, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, and overseas Chinese around the world. This has brought a glimmer of vitality to the cross-strait relations that have already dropped to the freezing point, and found a new way for the improvement of cross-strait relations.

10 days later, Hu Yaobang, then General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, sent an invitation to Chiang Ching-kuo, hoping that he could return to the mainland and visit his hometown. At the end of December of the same year, the All-China Taiwan Compatriots Association was established in Beijing, and its work with Taiwan was further expanded.

On January 11, 1982, Deng Xiaoping first proposed the hot word of the times "one country, two systems" when meeting with Chairman of the Chinese American Association Lee Yao-tsi . He proposed that the country should implement the socialist system and Taiwan should implement the capitalist system. This is the famous The great concept of "peaceful reunification, one country, two systems".

Faced with the friendly signals released by the mainland, how did Chiang Ching-kuo react?

"Ye Jiu Articles" and "one country, two systems" were proposed, causing an uproar on both sides of the Taiwan Strait. People on both sides of the Taiwan Strait are full of praise for "Nine Articles" and "One Country, Two Systems", and these two policies have also reached the ears of Taiwan leader Chiang Ching-kuo.

At this time, Chiang Kai-shek had already passed away in 1975, and Chiang Ching-kuo took over the big stick of managing Taiwan. In the seven years since his father Chiang Kai-shek passed away, Chiang Ching-kuo could often think of the time he spent with his father, and even more so, every moment he spent living and working in mainland China.

Just half a year after Deng Xiaoping proposed the great idea of ​​"one country, two systems", in July 1982, Chiang Ching-kuo published an article in memory of his father Chiang Kai-shek in a newspaper published in Taiwan. In addition to expressing infinite remembrance of Chiang Kai-shek in the article, also deeply expressed his longing for the mainland.

Obviously, the meaning behind Chiang Ching-kuo’s publication of this article at this sensitive time could not be more obvious. In fact, Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo, father and son, have always missed the mainland very much. This is not only because their ancestral home is in Fenghua City, Zhejiang Province, but also because they are also Chinese.

Soon, this article with infinite emotions was also learned by the mainland. In the same month, after reading this article, Deng Yingchao quickly organized a meeting to conduct research, and she also quickly reported the matter to Deng Xiaoping.

After careful consideration, the Party Central Committee decided to send Liao Chengzhi, a former classmate of Chiang Ching-kuo, to write a letter to Chiang Ching-kuo in Taiwan in his own name.

On July 24, 1982, after careful consideration, Liao Chengzhi creatively wrote a personal letter to Chiang Ching-kuo in classical Chinese. Later, this letter was also published in the "People's Daily". This is the famous "Liao Chengzhi's Letter" Letter from Mr. Chiang Ching-kuo".

In the letter, Liao Chengzhi, in his personal capacity, talked to Chiang Ching-kuo about the friendship between classmates in the past, and also about the friendship between compatriots - the reunification of Taiwan. Regarding the issue of Taiwan's reunification, Liao Chengzhi quoted classic famous sayings such as "Brothers will be here after all calamities, and grievances will disappear with a smile when we meet", "How can we not return to the vast sea and sky?", "Looking at the southern sky, cherish all the hopes."

Soon, Chiang Ching-kuo, who was far away in Taiwan, received this letter. After reading this letter, Jiang Jingguo recalled many things at once, and scenes from the past suddenly appeared in front of his eyes. "So many years have passed in a flash." Jiang Jingguo only said this sentence, but it seemed that he said a thousand words.

It turns out that Chiang Ching-kuo and Liao Chengzhi had known each other since they were young, and they could be regarded as "growing up". In 1930, the two studied together at Sun Yat-sen University in Moscow. It can be said that they are not real brothers, but better than real brothers. According to historical records, Chiang Ching-kuo and Liao Chengzhi often wore a coat together to read and study under an oil lamp in the cold winter in Moscow.

However, despite their close friendship, the two were on opposite sides politically. Liao Chengzhi joined the Communist Party of China as early as August 1928. He had long been disgusted with the series of hooligan acts committed by the Kuomintang and vowed not to collude with the Kuomintang in his life.

But in the hearts of the two of them, they have never left this classmate friendship behind, and this rare friendship has taken root in their hearts.Time flies, the sun and the moon fly by, and more than half a century has passed. Liao Chengzhi and Jiang Jingguo have changed from young boys to gray-haired old people, and they have begun to recall every bit of their youth.

According to the memories of Chiang Ching-kuo’s secretary, after reading Liao Chengzhi’s letter, Chiang Ching-kuo’s eyes filled with tears and he was extremely moved. It seems that the various goodwill signals released by the Central People's Government under the leadership of the Party Central Committee have made people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait cheer up and shout that a proper solution to the Taiwan issue seems to be right around the corner!

Soong Meiling's reply was chilling

Although Chiang Ching-kuo burst into tears after reading Liao Chengzhi's letter, he was, after all, the leader of Taiwan and a member of the Kuomintang, and he had a deep-seated hatred of the Chinese Communist Party. Chiang Ching-kuo believes that this is the "emotional card" played by the mainland and the so-called "united front conspiracy" of the CCP.

But facing the letter written by Liao Chengzhi to himself, Jiang Jingguo has been thinking about how to reply. At this time, he thought of his stepmother, Song Meiling. Song Meiling wrote a reply to Liao Chengzhi. Firstly, he could express his thoughts through his stepmother's pen, and secondly, he could use her elder status to block Liao Chengzhi's mouth.

is not a member of the same family. Song Meiling, like Chiang Kai-shek and Chiang Ching-kuo and his son, was a stubborn anti-communist. As early as 1965, when Soong Meiling visited the United States, she publicly expressed her hope that the United States would support the Kuomintang's so-called "counterattack on the mainland" conspiracy.

Later, after learning about the continuous improvement of New China's comprehensive national strength, the continuous strengthening of international influence, and the establishment of diplomatic relations with the United States, which has always been antagonistic, the furious Soong Meiling even shouted "Better to be broken than to be destroyed." This shows that her Narrow-minded.

Less than a month after Chiang Ching-kuo received the letter, Soong Meiling wrote a reply to Liao Chengzhi at Chiang Ching-kuo's request. In her reply, Soong Meiling still opposed the existence of New China and still regarded herself as the "Republic of China". On the issue of Taiwan's reunification, Soong Meiling wrote "no contact, no negotiation, no compromise" in nine dazzling characters. It deeply hurt the hearts of Liao Chengzhi and others.

At this time, Soong Meiling seemed to be still immersed in the scene when the Kuomintang was defeated in 1949. She took advantage of the mainland's goodwill to express nonsense and viciously attack the mainland, seriously hurting the feelings of the people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait, and causing the easing of tensions that had just emerged. Cross-Strait relations have once again reached freezing point.

In addition, Song Meiling took advantage of the important event of peaceful reunification to ridicule Liao Chengzhi, which played a very negative role in the cross-strait peace negotiation process. Song Meiling's series of actions quickly aroused strong dissatisfaction among the Taiwanese people.

After all the calamity, the brothers are here, and the grudges are gone with a smile.

Although Song Meiling's reply was chilling, Jiang Jingguo's attitude softened and he began to wake up. Chiang Ching-kuo began to consider resolving the issues between the mainland and Taiwan. He himself believed that "the times are changing, and the trends are also changing." He decided to secretly send a special envoy to the mainland for dialogue on the Taiwan issue.

After thousands of choices, Chiang Ching-kuo chose Shen Cheng. From 1982 to 1986, Shen Cheng came to the mainland three times at the instruction of Chiang Ching-kuo to communicate and negotiate with the CCP leadership on the Taiwan issue. On March 19, 1987, Shen Cheng handed over an autographed letter from then President Yang Shangkun to Chiang Ching-kuo.

After reading Yang Shangkun's letter, Chiang Ching-kuo believed that the mainland had expressed sufficient sincerity and could consider negotiations between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. Half a year later, Chiang Ching-kuo established a mainland work steering group and announced a series of policies such as lifting the ban on Taiwan compatriots returning to the mainland to visit relatives, which began to thaw cross-strait relations.

It can be said that this change in Chiang Ching-kuo's ideological concepts was the greatest contribution he made in his life. Chiang Ching-kuo implemented the major decision for Taiwanese people to visit relatives on the mainland in two steps: First, starting from July 28, 1987, he lifted the ban on Taiwanese people traveling to Hong Kong, Macau and other places, allowing Taiwanese people to visit Hong Kong and Macau As the first stop when leaving the country.

The second step is that starting from November 2, 1987, Taiwanese people are allowed to apply to visit relatives in the mainland. The implementation of the above policies has finally broken the antagonism between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait that has lasted for nearly 40 years.

The sea water between mainland China and Taiwan was no longer as cold as usual, but became warmer. At the same time, the mainland also responded positively. On October 14, 1987, the State Council issued a statement, declaring that it would provide necessary convenience and care for Taiwan compatriots to "come and go freely" during their stay in the mainland. At the same time, it introduced measures for the reception of Taiwan compatriots when they come to the mainland and the establishment of reception stations for Taiwan compatriots.

This series of relaxations mainly comes from the efforts of the mainland. According to historical records, although Soong Meiling's reply to Liao Chengzhi was very harsh and cold, Deng Yingchao never stopped persuading the Taiwan authorities, especially Soong Meiling.

It turns out that Song Meiling and Deng Yingchao have been old acquaintances for a long time. In 1938, Deng Yingchao and Song Meiling met in Lushan and fought side by side in the wartime child care association. In the next half century or so, the friendship between Deng Yingchao and Soong Meiling was not interrupted by the Taiwan issue, and they continued to exchange letters.

In 1984, on Deng Yingchao’s 80th birthday, Song Meiling knew that Deng Yingchao was a rabbit, so she asked someone to bring her a glass rabbit as a birthday gift. Later, in May 1988, when Deng Yingchao retired, he wrote a personal letter to Soong Meiling.

In the letter, Deng Yingchao reviewed the half-century-long friendship between the two, and then expressed his hope to join forces with Soong Meiling to contribute to the great cause of the reunification of the motherland. Human hearts are made of flesh. With the unremitting efforts of Deng Yingchao and others, Song Meiling, who was originally resolute, began to relax.

The Taiwan issue was once again put on hold

In early December 1987, Chiang Ching-kuo decided to discuss the candidates for negotiations in Beijing at the Kuomintang Central Committee's regular meeting in early 1988, and put the reunification of Taiwan on the agenda. Just when people on both sides of the Taiwan Strait were looking forward to the various beautiful scenes after reunification, Chiang Ching-kuo unfortunately died on January 13, 1988 due to ineffective treatment.

Chiang Ching-kuo's sudden death came as a surprise. The plan to send a special envoy to Beijing for negotiations also came to nothing. The solution to the Taiwan issue was also put on hold indefinitely.

Although in the following years, the cross-strait relations were no longer in a state of military confrontation after reaching the " 1992 Consensus " and holding Wang-Koo talks, , the proper solution to the Taiwan issue still remains unclear. No substantial progress has been made.

The mainland has never forgotten Taiwan, a treasure island that has yet to return to the embrace of the motherland. It has been publicizing the peaceful resolution of the Taiwan issue in public and working hard for the improvement of cross-strait relations. At the same time, the leaders of the Chinese Communist Party have also been looking for opportunities to dialogue with leaders of the Taiwan region.

However, Taiwan must be reunified, and it will definitely be reunified. The general trend of Taiwan's reunification is unstoppable by any group or individual. All actions or plots that attempt to split Taiwan are doomed to fail!