In April 1937, in the cave dwelling where Chairman Mao lived in the Yan'an revolutionary base area in northern Shaanxi, a tall, slightly fat, and gentle-looking man was waiting for Chairman Mao's arrival.
This man is called Walker of . Two years ago, he sent his men to Nanjing to publicly assassinate Chiang Kai-shek . As a result, he shot Wang Jingwei by mistake. Since then, he has become the number one criminal of the Kuomintang, Chiang Kai-shek. I think about it day and night every day, wanting to kill him quickly.
In order to escape, Hua Kezhi had no choice but to come to the revolutionary holy land Yan'an in order to escape. He hoped that Chairman Mao could meet him and let him stay and work in Yan'an from now on.
Walker's
Just when Walker was thinking about whether Chairman Mao could accept him, Chairman Mao came in. After he saw Walker, he showed great enthusiasm, which made Walker think that he could stay in Yan'an.
But what Chairman Mao said next was beyond Hua Kezhi's expectation: "Comrade Kezhi, you can't stay here!" Chairman Mao's words surprised and disappointed Hua Kezhi, but what Chairman Mao said next was The words made Walker admire him endlessly!
So why didn’t Chairman Mao let Hua Kezhi stay in Yan’an? What did he say next to name the path for Walker? Why did Walker want to assassinate Chiang Kai-shek in the first place?
Mao Zedong
The backbone of the Kuomintang
Wake's original name was Hua Wan, and his father was Hua Xiaodong, a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty. It's just that in the late Qing Dynasty, it was difficult for the government to protect itself, let alone the newly admitted scholars, so the Hua family's life was very poor.
In order to support the family, my father had to find another way out. As an intellectual, my father was completely disappointed with the late Qing government, so he spent many years abroad to learn new ideas. Soon after, he joined the Alliance .
1911 was an important turning point in Walker's life: his father stayed away from home for many years because of the Revolution of 1911; his mother died of illness due to overwork; his brother suffered a serious illness and died soon after; The two sisters all got married, leaving only Hua Ke in such a big family.
The Revolution of 1911
Wakezhi could only go to his aunt's house and live a life of dependence on others. The hardship of life did not dampen his will, but made Hua Kezhi study harder. He also followed his father's path and highly praised Sun Yat-sen's theory.
In 1920, as a young intellectual, Hua Kezhi joined the Kuomintang and has since then firmly surrounded Mr. Sun Yat-sen.
Since the "May 4th Movement" in 1919, Mr. Sun Yat-sen has become interested in the vast proletariat , and has great trust in these young talents. As a staunch supporter of Hua Kezhi, he has also received Sun Yat-sen's support. Reuse.
Sun Yat-sen
Not long after, Hua Kezhi was appointed as the minister of the Nanjing Youth Party. In the eyes of others, the young Hua Kezhi had already reached the pinnacle of his life!
However, Walker only had revolution in mind. In 1924, Mr. Sun Yat-sen proposed the new Three People's Principles . He recognized the great power of workers and farmers and decided to cooperate with the Communists.
In response to Dr. Sun Yat-sen's call, Hua Kezhi went to learn Marxism, and later became friends with many Communists. The spirit of selfless dedication of the Communists moved Hua Kezhi very much. From then on, he has been firmly around around the left wing of the Kuomintang.
The First Congress of the Kuomintang
However, the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party did not last long, and a change soon occurred: in 1927, after the "April 12" coup, a large number of Communists were massacred by the Kuomintang reactionaries. Everyone is in danger.
Many of Walker's friends within the Kuomintang and the Communist Party were murdered. This situation made him extremely indignant! Regardless of the danger, he took in many communists and was almost imprisoned himself.
Faced with this situation, Walker said: "I feel ashamed for the Kuomintang. I feel sorry for Mr. Sun Yat-sen. I and this traitor of the Kuomintang are sworn in!"
From then on, Walker stood firmly against Chiang Kai-shek. From this standpoint, Chiang Kai-shek began a hard struggle.
Chiang Kai-shek also knew that Hua Kezhi hated him, but he also had illusions in his heart. He knew that Hua Kezhi was very capable, and it would be great if he could use it for himself! Therefore, Chiang Kai-shek sent people to win over him many times, but Hua Kezhi chose to refuse every time.
In order to express his firm position, Walker wrote : "If you can reject the six relatives and seek democracy, how can you become a tyrant in the Five Struggles? Adhere to the Three People and Three Policies, and Zhongshan Yuhua has a close friend."
Chiang Kai-shek
Since he refused to be used by Chiang Kai-shek, Naturally, Chiang Kai-shek would not continue to tolerate him. Soon after, Walker was arrested and imprisoned by the spies. So how did he escape?
decided to assassinate Chiang Kai-shek
After Walker was arrested and imprisoned, he was tortured and abused by the spies. The spies asked him to confess his comrades on the charge of "collaborating with the Communists", but Walker remained unmoved. None of them would reveal it.
As a young talent, Walker has been admired by many big guys in the Kuomintang. Therefore, since he was arrested and imprisoned, many people have interceded for him. Cai Yuanpei, Wu Zhihui and others have come forward to defend Walker. say.
Cai Yuanpei
In the end, Chiang Kai-shek could not withstand the pressure from these people and decided to let Hua Kezhi go and told him not to do it again in the future.
However, Walker had firm revolutionary beliefs. After he was released from prison, he understood the center of Chiang Kai-shek's power in Nanjing, so he moved to Shanghai and used Shanghai as his base camp to fight against Chiang Kai-shek.
Opposite Fasheng University on Father Jin Road in the Shanghai Concession, Hua Kezhi rented a house here as the center of his anti-Chiang movement. He also named this building "Dangerous Building" and himself "Dangerous Building Owner" to remind himself of the state of being prepared for danger in times of peace and ignoring danger.
Shanghai Concession
At that time, many anti-Chiang people would hide in the concession. This way they were more hidden, and secondly, Chiang Kai-shek's people did not dare to act recklessly in the concession. After having this base camp, Hua Kezhi began to recruit talents.
He first met Chen Wangzi (who later joined the Communist Party of China); then Zhang Yuhua, a fellow countryman, gave up his degree in from Jinling University; and finally he found Sun Fenghai, who had served as a soldier in the 19th Route Army. A few like-minded people held high the banner of anti-Chiang.
In 1931, several people decided to attack Chiang Kai-shek and formulated a plan to assassinate Song Ziwen. They found out the specific time of Song Ziwen's journey from Nanjing to Shanghai, and carried out assassination activities at the station.
Song Ziwen
The plan for the assassination activity was very simple: after Song Ziwen got out of the car, he would throw smoke bombs to cause chaos, and take advantage of the chaos to kill Song Ziwen.
On the day of the assassination, after the smoke bombs dispersed, Walker and six other people took out their guns and shot in the direction of Song Ziwen. As a result, the smoke caused by the smoke bombs was too large, but Song Ziwen escaped and was only hit in the buttocks. One shot.
Although the assassination was unsuccessful, Walker and others were still confident. In order to find a legitimate reason for their organization, they set up a newspaper. At Sun Fenghai's suggestion, they named it "Morning Light", which means the light of hope. .
Wakezhi
After having the name of the organization, Hua Kezhi also changed his name, from Huawan to Hua Kezhi, with the pseudonym Hu Yunqing; Sun Fenghai changed his name to Sun Fengming...
Chenguang Club had just been established, and Hua Kezhi led the members to carry out They carried out many assassinations, but they all ended in failure. Perseverance and perseverance were the spirit that Walker practiced throughout his life. The repeated failures did not disappoint them, but instead strengthened their confidence in killing Chiang Kai-shek.
In 1935, Hua Kezhi and others finally found a golden opportunity: the Kuomintang was going to hold the Sixth Plenary Session of the Fourth Central Committee in Nanjing.
Kuomintang Congress
The lineup of this meeting was very strong. In addition to Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei, there were also Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang, Zhang Xueliang and others. The lineup was quite luxurious.
Walker believed that Chiang Kai-shek would definitely attend such a meeting in person and take part in a group photo. They could enter the venue in the name of a newspaper and assassinate Chiang Kai-shek during the group photo. Once the
plan was formulated, everyone unanimously agreed. In the end, Sun Fengming took over the task. He was a soldier and had good marksmanship, so he felt most at ease in leaving this matter to him.
Chiang Kai-shek and Wang Jingwei
On November 1, 1935, at 9:20 in the morning, members of the Kuomintang took a group photo in the Nanjing Auditorium. Sitting in the first row were Zhang Jingjiang, Wang Jingwei, Zhang Xueliang, Zhang Ji , Yan Xishan, Feng Yuxiang and others.
Result I don’t know why, but Chiang Kai-shek just refused to appear in front of the public that day. Seeing that the group photo was about to end, was the plan going to go away empty-handed?
Sun Fengming thought to himself: Since the number one figure, Chiang Kai-shek, cannot be killed, then he should kill the number two figure, Wang Jingwei.
TV Series Photos
At 9:35 in the morning, at the moment when Wang Jingwei got up, Sun Fengming took out the pistol in his arms and shot Wang Jingwei three times!
One shot hit Wang Jingwei's cheekbone, another shot hit Wang Jingwei's left arm, and the last shot hit the vertebra part of Wang Jingwei's back. Wang Jingwei fell to the ground! (Nine years later, Wang Jingwei died of a recurrence of the gunshot wound)
After the gunfire sounded, the scene was in chaos: Kong Xiangxi hid under the car; Zhang Jingjiang rolled down the steps; Zhang Ji and Zhang Xueliang stepped forward to fight. Sun Fengming fights.
Wang Jingwei
Sun Fengming resisted fiercely and was shot dead on the spot by Wang Jingwei's bodyguards. Zhang Xueliang found a press card from his clothes, which read: Morning News reporter Sun Fengming.
Chairman Mao persuaded him to return to Hong Kong
After the incident, Zhang Xueliang handed this document to Chiang Kai-shek. Chiang Kai-shek was extremely frightened at the time!
At this time, Wang Jingwei’s wife Chen Bijun thought that Chiang Kai-shek planned this event. After all, he did not show up during the group photo, probably to avoid assassination, so Chen Bijun came to Chiang Kai-shek’s mansion and made a fuss, which made Chiang Kai-shek upset. Confused!
Chen Bijun
On the other hand, Bai Chongxi and others who had a good relationship with Wang Jingwei were extremely frightened after the assassination, fearing that Chiang Kai-shek would kill them, so they made a special phone call to Chiang Kai-shek to question him about the matter.
Chiang Kai-shek was under tremendous pressure and decided to investigate the matter thoroughly, and handed the seized press card to Dai Li.
As Chiang Kai-shek's core intelligence officer, Dai Li quickly found out the truth behind the case: Sun Fengming's original name was Sun Fenghai, and the president of Chenguang Society was Hu Yuqing. Of course, he also had a more well-known name, Hua Kezhi.
Dai Li
After Chiang Kai-shek knew that it was Walker who had done another good deed, he was furious and ordered Dai Li to arrest this person quickly.
Let’s talk about Walker. After he knew that things failed, he knew that something was wrong, so he moved to Hong Kong.
But others were not so lucky: Sun Fenghai's wife Cui Zhengyao was killed in prison; Zhang Yuhua was sentenced to death by the court; Chen Yuzi was killed by being put into boiling water by the spies...
Overnight, Morning Light Society ceased to exist. , gave Walker a big blow! During the year of hiding in Hong Kong, Walker has been reflecting on: Why did he fail? Where should the Chinese revolution go?
Chairman Mao
In order to find the answer, Walker read Marx's books and then Chairman Mao's works. After reading Chairman Mao's works, Walker suddenly became enlightened. From then on, Chairman Mao became the first Walker after Sun Yat-sen. He has always wanted to go on a "pilgrimage" to Yan'an to meet the man who can change China.
Finally in April 1937, Walker found an opportunity.Before the national war of resistance against Japan, Hua Kezhi came to Yan'an.
Walker was very nervous because he didn't know what kind of person Chairman Mao was, but after meeting Chairman Mao, his anxiety was completely relieved.
Chairman Mao
Chairman Mao was approachable and without any pretensions. The two discussed the future of the Chinese revolution.
Walker said to Chairman Mao: "The failure of Morning Light Society made me realize that the Chinese revolution will not be beneficial only by assassinating a few bad elements. Instead, it will cost the lives of comrades in vain! Only under the leadership of the Communist Party Only by leading the workers' and peasants' revolution can China be saved! "
Chairman Mao was very happy after hearing this. He said: " I can understand your mood. Chiang Kai-shek is determined to eliminate the Communist Party. Who hates him the most, we Communists? Hate him the most! But we do not advocate assassination. Killing Chiang Kai-shek, there will be Li Jieshi, Zhang Jieshi... It will not really solve the problem of the Chinese revolution. It is good for you to realize this! ”
Chairman Mao
Then Hua Kezhi said: " Now Chiang Kai-shek is wanted across the country, and Dai Li's agents are arresting me at home and abroad. I came to Yan'an in the hope that I would be given a chance to work for the Anti-Japanese War and save the country, even if I die! "
Chairman Mao said : "I can't keep you in Yan'an!" As soon as these words came out, Hua Kezhi was surprised, and then Chairman Mao told the reason.
Chairman Mao said: " On December 12 last year, two generals, Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, put Chiang Kai-shek under house arrest in Xi'an and invited us to come over to discuss it. At that time, everyone in the party advocated killing Chiang Kai-shek. We also advocated opposing Chiang Kai-shek and resisting Japan. But now we see Come, we must unite with Chiang to resist Japan! ”
Xi’an Incident
” Chiang Kai-shek did not completely fall to Japan. He has millions of troops. If he is killed, the pro-Japanese forces in the Kuomintang will rise and the situation will be countered by Japan. It's even more unfavorable! Now that we are facing a powerful enemy, we must let go of past grievances in order to survive the greatest crisis of the Chinese nation! Now that the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China are about to cooperate, if Chiang Kai-shek knows that you are in Yan'an at this time, it will make us unhappy. We are passive. Do you think we should hand you over or keep you? ”
Chairman Mao’s words were extremely thorough. He explained the main tasks at present, and also explained the various reasons for retaining Hua Kezhi. Unfavorable, let Hua Kezhi be enlightened after listening to it.
Chairman Mao then pointed out the direction for him: Today, Hong Kong needs a large number of communists to promote our policies. You can go to Hong Kong and work together with Comrade Pan Hannian! From then on, Walker returned to Hong Kong and served the cause of our party wholeheartedly.
Pan Hannian
Defrauding Japanese arms
In Hong Kong, Hua Kezhi and Pan Hannian joined forces and soon became a good pair. Under Pan Hannian's introduction, Hua Kezhi joined the Communist Party of China and served as the liaison between Hong Kong and Shanghai for the South China Intelligence Bureau. .
In the blink of an eye, we arrived in 1945. At this time, Walker was already an experienced underground intelligence worker.
The Japanese were gradually declining at this time and had lost their past rule. The Kuomintang and the Communist Party took over the Japanese-occupied areas and took over their arms and weapons.
Report on the Assassination of Wang Jingwei
At this time, China was already in a storm. Many people could feel that the civil war between the Communist Party and the Kuomintang was inevitable, so in order to accumulate more power for the Communist Party, Hua Kezhi, A bold decision was made: to defraud the Japanese of arms.
Walker met an old friend named Zheng Desheng. Zheng Desheng made his fortune by doing speculative business. He lied that he was a graduate of Stanford University, but in fact he had never even left the country.
Although he likes to speculate, he likes to shelter communists. Many communists in Shanghai have been rescued by him, and he and Hua Kezhi have become good friends.
Walker's
Zheng Desheng had a wide network of contacts in Shanghai and knew a major general named Okada who managed the Japanese arsenal.After Japan's defeat, Okada has been unable to accept this fact, so he wants to use the arms in his hands to cooperate with the Chinese and stir up trouble.
Zheng Desheng revealed this news to Walker, who suddenly became interested in Okada.
The arsenal in charge of Okada has 100,000 rifles and millions of bullets, which can equip more than a dozen divisions of our army.
In order to get close to Okada, Hua Kezhi came up with a good idea. He disguised himself as a Kuomintang officer and joined forces with Zheng Desheng to sing a double act.
Zheng Desheng first visited Okada and brought generous gifts, which made Okada a little overwhelmed. However, Zheng Desheng insisted that he came to him for a drink, and Okada put down his guard.
After drinking for three rounds, Zheng Desheng began to say: "The times are not easy! Businessmen like us are not easy to do, and it is only because of the protection of military officials that I can do what I am today!"
Okada said: " Who is protecting Mr. Zheng? "
Zheng Desheng said: "I have a friend who is in charge of the army in more than 20 counties in Henan! He is planning a big thing recently, which is to neither surrender to the Communist Party nor continue to serve the Kuomintang. It’s time to start a new business and start your own business!”
Then, Zheng Desheng covered his mouth and said, “Oh, you see, I talk too much when I drink. Don’t spread the word to me, Chief Okada!”
Okada had no good impression of the Communist Party, but he also disliked the Kuomintang very much. Now that he heard that someone was like him, he became interested and quickly asked: "What are you going to do, my friend? It's not easy to start your own business!" "
Arsenal
Zheng Desheng said quickly: "My friend has a large number of troops and has won the hearts of the people in Henan. The only thing missing is arms! We are still short of guns and ammunition. Once the guns are ready, we can take action!"
Okada! Said: "Brother Desheng, the arsenal I manage has a large number of guns and ammunition, which can arm dozens of divisions!"
Zheng Desheng raised his head after listening and said: "But Chief Okada, you can't just deal with these weapons. !”
Okada smiled and said: “I don’t want to give weapons to the Kuomintang, and it’s even more impossible for the Communist Party! But these things can’t be brought back to Japan, so if your friend asks for it, I am willing to provide you with weapons!”
Arsenal
When Zheng Desheng saw that the enemy had taken the bait, he immediately struck while the iron was hot. In the next few days, Zheng Desheng went to find Okada every day.
Japan proposed the "Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere" at the time, and Zheng Desheng used this as an entry point to build a beautiful blueprint for the future, which Okada believed in.
Okada was originally going to hand over the arms, but the Kuomintang reacted first. They also focused on this large amount of arms supplies, so they forced Okada to hand over the arms.
After the news reached Walker, he was very disappointed. Was he destined to not get the arms?
TNT
Fortunately, Okada is a "real person". He found Zheng Desheng and said, "Although the arms have been handed over, I still have a very large TNT explosives library. I wonder if you are interested?"
Zheng Desheng spread the news. I gave it to Walker, who didn't know what TNT was, so he specifically asked our party's personnel. Our party's consultant said that TNT was the best explosive in the world at that time. The production of many weapons was inseparable from TNT. It turns out that our party made it. Weapons are all developed with very low efficiency black powder. If we get this batch of TNT, we will be able to produce a large number of weapons for our party.
Walker was extremely excited when he found out. He immediately contacted 5 trucks to prepare to take away this batch of TNT. As a result, at this juncture, Okada suddenly said no, because he wanted to meet the officer Zheng Desheng mentioned.
Explosives
The second act of the double act play came on. Walker got the clothes worn by the Kuomintang lieutenant general, and then rushed to Shanghai overnight, where he had not returned for many years, and secretly met with Okada in a mansion.
Walker's disguise was very successful. Okada did not have the slightest doubt. On the contrary, he was convinced by Walker's words.
Walker said: "China and Japan are separated by a narrow strip of water. It is a pity that such a large-scale war has occurred. Regarding our proposition, Mr. Zheng must have talked with you. We are very disappointed with Mr. Chiang and the Communist Party. Now the Japanese are numerous in China. There are over 700,000 Japanese overseas in the millions. With the current transportation capacity, I don’t know when they can all be transported back to Japan. Besides, what will happen if they go back to Japan?
Defeat
The last sentence hit Okada's weakness. Without saying a word, he handed over a large amount of TNT that he had secretly hidden in Walker's hands. After transporting it back to our party's base area, the military factory was overjoyed because this batch of TNT Enough to last us for more than two years!
And Okada then said: "Nearly 200 machine guns are buried underground in my living room, and I will give them all to you!"
In this way, our troops received another 194 machine guns for free, which is really a harvest. Full! And Walker is the hero behind all this!
guns
It is precisely because of the existence of heroes behind the scenes like Walker that our Chinese revolution proceeds so smoothly! After the founding of New China in 1949, Hua Kezhi worked in Shanghai and dedicated the rest of his life to the party and the people!
On January 7, 1998, Walker completed his legendary road at the age of 96.
