During the Three Kingdoms period, Liu Bei , Sun Quan , Cao Cao recruited many capable people and strangers in order to dominate the Central Plains and unify the world. Naturally, among the counselors, the main ones were "crouching dragons, phoenixes, young cubs, and young Linzhong tigers", while the generals were More.
The so-called view that Liu Bei does not reuse Zhao Yun is firstly the result of comparing Zhao Yun with Guan and Zhang, the two top generals, and secondly, it is derived from the fact that Zhao Yun has been a general of mixed numbers throughout his life. The former has been explained above, and the latter needs an additional explanation, that is, "miscellaneous number" does not mean "no status". Miscellaneous number generals = The title of the general is too small. This is the result of the proliferation of military numbers after the Wei and Jin Dynasties. The military of the Shu Han Dynasty The number is still valuable. Especially in the early Shu Han Dynasty, when Liu Bei proclaimed himself emperor, he promoted the remaining Ma Chao and Zhang Fei among the four generals to the positions of hussar generals and chariot generals, while the four generals themselves were inactive and did not appoint people.
Another thing that needs to be explained is that after Zhuge Liang came to power, he still had very strict control over the promotion of military numbers. This may also give everyone the impression that Zhao Yun was promoted slowly and his status was not high enough.
If Zhao Yun had not died in the seventh year of Jianxing, the upper limit at this time would have been the same as Wei Yan, and he would have been promoted to a miscellaneous general (the second to the general of Wei, above the four generals), even if he was affected by the defeat of Jigu. , and at least should not be lower than the Four Generals - Deng Zhi General Yangwu was already only one level behind the Four Generals. It cannot be said that Zhao Yun's status in the army is not as good as Deng Zhi, right?
netizens also ranked the twenty-four generals of the Three Kingdoms: one Lu, two Zhao, three Dian Wei .
Lu is naturally Lu Bu . Although Lu Bu has not killed many famous generals, he is known as "the most powerful general in the Three Kingdoms". Folks often say: Lu Bu is among men and the red rabbit is among horses.
Zhao Yun, like him, has not killed many famous generals, but he is known as the "victorious general" and rarely loses. So why was Zhao Yun not reused by Liu Bei in his life?
Zhao Yun, whose courtesy name is Zilong, Changshanzhendingren. He, Guan Yu, and Zhang Fei are also known as the "Three Scholars of Yannan".
Zhao Yun led the rebels to defect to Gongsun Zan in his early years, and has been following Gongsun Zan in the southern and northern wars. In the official history, Zhao Yun's position under Gongsun Zan is not mentioned.
In the fourth year of Jianxing, Guang Luxun and Li Yan were appointed as the former generals, and Weiwei and Liu Yan were appointed as the rear generals. There were vacancies for the left and right generals. It is likely that Zhao Yun recruited the South General at this time and became the Zhendong General. He once Chen Dao, his deputy, was promoted to General of the Expedition to the West. In this way, the shifts of four generals in the front, left, and back are formed - the generals of Zhenzi and the generals of Zhengzi.
In this sequence, Zhao Yun is still second only to Li Yan and Liu Yan, and has the same status as Zhenbei General Wei Yan, and is the top rank among the first-line generals. In the sixth year of Jianxing's reign, the Northern Expedition failed. Zhuge Liang demoted himself to the right general and acted as prime minister. Zhao Yun also took the responsibility for the defeat of Jigu and was demoted to the general of the town army.
In the seventh year of Jianxing, Zhuge Liang took advantage of Wudu and Yinping and became prime minister again. The following year, he promoted Li Yan to hussar general and Liu Yan to chariot general. Wei Yan and Wu Yi took advantage of Yangxi to take the throne respectively. General Zhengxi, General Zuo, , former general Yuan Wei, , right general Gao Xiang, and rear general Wu Ban found in "Abolition of Li Ping's Official Document" should also have been promoted in the eighth year of Jianxing. , and Deng Zhi, who was Zhao Yun's deputy general when he left Jigu, will most likely be promoted to General Yangwu this year, ranking below the Four Generals and Prime Minister Chang Shi Yang Yi .
In the unofficial history, it is said that Zhao Yun created his own marksmanship, Seven Detection Coiled Snakes, and met Wen Chou in the first battle. The two of them couldn't win. At their peak, they fought Lu Bu three times, but the outcome was also inconclusive. According to the unofficial history, Judging from the statement, Zhao Yun's strength is definitely one of the best among the Three Kingdoms. You must know that and the three heroes did not take any advantage in the battle against Lu Bu.. But unofficial history is just unofficial history after all.
When Zhao Yun defected to Gongsun Zan, Liu Bei also attached himself here, and the two got to know each other. Liu Bei was quite talented and was recommended by Gongsun Zan many times. When Yuan Shao was conquering Qingzhou, Gongsun Zan promoted Liu Bei to the rank of commander of another department, and asked Zhao Yun to accompany him on the expedition to take charge of the cavalry for Liu Bei. Zhao Yun's position should not be high at this time.
Later, Zhao Yun resigned and returned to his hometown because of his brother's death. Liu Bei wanted to keep him, but Zhao Yun still felt that he should return to his hometown. This was seven years later. In the fifth year of Jian'an (AD 200), Zhao Yun met Liu Bei in Yecheng , followed Liu Bei and attached himself to and Liu Biao . In the following years, Zhao Yun had no chance to appear until the battle of Changbanpo.
In the 13th year of Jian'an (AD 208), Cao Cao led his army south to Jingzhou . Liu Bei didn't know about it at all. When he found out, Cao Cao had already arrived in Wancheng. Liu Bei was shocked. Now he was Cao Cao. The opponent retreated with 100,000 troops and people.
When Cao Cao heard that Liu Bei had escaped, he was happy and surprised. He was so shocked that he was afraid that Liu Bei would capture Jiangling first. Jiangling is a battleground for military strategists. It borders the Yangtze River to the south, the Han River to the north, and controls Bashu to the west... It has existed since ancient times. "The thoroughfare of seven provinces". Cao Cao led five thousand elite troops to pursue Liu Bei and intercepted Liu Bei's army at Changbanpo.
Liu Bei escaped with dozens of cavalry including Zhao Yun, Zhang Fei, Zhuge Liang, etc., but Zhao Yun got lost again while escaping. Some of his subordinates thought that Zhao Yun had defected to Cao Cao. Liu Bei said in disbelief: "Zilong will never abandon me."
Zhao Yun did not seek refuge with Cao Cao. He turned back to find Liu Bei's wife Mrs. Gan and Liu Chan . However, there were many people, and seven in and seven out only brought out Liu Chan. Zhao Yun performed well in this battle and stayed. According to many legends, Liu Bei also appointed him General Yamen.
Zhao Yun mixed around and became Liu Chan's personal bodyguard. In the 14th year of Jian'an (AD 209), he recaptured Liu Chan from Mrs. Sun . Since then, he has not had many achievements.
So Liu Bei really doesn’t reuse Zhao Yun?
" The Master's Guide " talks about the process of entrusting an orphan in detail. Although he entrusted Zhuge Liang, he still trusted Zhao Yun very much. He said: I and you have been together in adversity until now, and I don't want to say goodbye here. Please remember that I am an old friend and look at my son sooner or later. Do not betray my words.
After Liu Bei's death, Zhao Yun was promoted from General of Zhonghu Army and Zhengnan to General of Zhendong, and was granted the title of Marquis of Yongchang.
If Liu Bei intends to suppress Zhao Yun, there is no need to rely on him alone, and it is even less likely that he will get such a big promotion. Perhaps for Liu Bei, Zhao Yun is a spiritual symbol of Shu Han, a perfect person, and placing him in the rear is far better than putting him on the battlefield. It's much more valuable.
When Chen Shou wrote " Romance of the Three Kingdoms", he did not mention that Liu Bei told Zhao Yun "not to reuse" before his death. When Chen Shou wrote "Five Tiger Generals", he also combined the five of them into one biography. Comments They are the "minions of the state." "Minion" was not a derogatory term in ancient times.
Regarding Zhao Yun, Chen Shou commented separately: Huang Zhong, Zhao Yun was strong and powerful, and acted as a minion, and he was the disciple of Guan (Guan Ying) and Teng (Xia Houying).
As for the theory that Liu Bei did not reuse Zhao Yun, most of it comes from the novels and commentaries of later generations. In addition, the history of "Three Kingdoms" is mainly based on Cao Wei , so there are very few historical materials on Zhao Yun. Over time, the theory of "not reusing Zhao Yun" was formed. .
