I believe that everyone has seen introductions and rumors about Guiguzi in books or on the Internet. Among them, most of the statements about Guiguzi are 鬼谷子 is a Taoist, thinker, strategy, legalist, strategist, and educator , Yin Yang Family, Ming Jia Yu Yi Shen , similar to an encyclopedia-like talent, what's more, it deified Guiguzi, saying that the entire Warring States period is in the planning of Guiguzi, The entire Warring States is a Guiguzi Conspiracy . Some people think that Guiguzi seems to be a person who has traveled from modern times to ancient times, because Guiguzi himself, as a hermit, can cultivate many outstanding disciples and influence the war situation throughout the Warring States period.
So, what is going on about Guiguzi's layout in the world? Could it be said that Guiguzi is really deified by posterity? Let's take a look at it together!
Spring and Autumn Period and Warring States Territory
1. The origin of Guiguzi and the talents cultivated
1. The origin of Guiguzi
4#The ghost Guzi mentioned in the legend is an image deified by the world, but since it can be passed down, there must be some realistic basis, and the ghost of Guiguzi is passed down by future generations, and it must be extraordinary . According to legend, Guiguzi was originally a descendant of the Xuanyuan family. His surname is Wang, the name is Zen, the alias is 诩orli, and the Taoist name is Xuanweizi. Guiguzi has four moles on the forehead of the forehead. It is called Guiguzi.Regarding which nationality Guiguzi is from, there are three kinds of opinions, one is that Guiguzi is a patron, another is that Guiguzi is a native of Yeguo during the Warring States Period, and the other is that Guiguzi is a native of Hanshui. People from Yunyang, but Ghost Guzi is from which country, there is no detailed description in any historical document, so is also unknown. But according to legend, Guiguzi was hiding and practicing in Guigu. He called himself Mr. Guigu, and Guiguzi was known by more people in this capacity.
Guiguzi imaginary painting
2. The capable people cultivated by Guiguzi
In addition, Guiguzi's famous name is actually very much related to his disciples. Relations, Guiguzi’s famous disciples are Zhang Yi, Su Qin, Sun Bin, Pang Juan, Shang Yang, Bai Qi, Mao Sui, Mao Meng, Xu Fu, etc. . These disciples of his had a certain reputation and prestige during the Warring States period, so Guiguzi also became famous with his disciples, and his reputation spread to all over the world.
From these apprentices of Guiguzi, we can see the educational ability of Guiguzi. For example, Zhang Yi and Su Qin, one is practising the technique of continuity, and the other is practising the technique of merging. There are clearly two opposing concepts. In the records of the Warring States Period, the two were able to help each other. There is a record in Zhang Yi's biography that Su Qinming attacked Zhang Yi on the face, but still helped Zhang Yi secretly. This is also a very magical phenomenon. It is precisely because of Zhang Yi, Su and Qin, some people even think that the entire Warring States period is a conspiracy of Guiguzi, and Zhangyi and Su Qin are both ordered by Guiguzi , but since there is no exact historical document certificate, what is the truth? There is also no specific reference.
Su Qin Zhangyi stills
3. Ghost Guzi’s famous works
Ghost Guzi also has famous works, including "Ghost Guzi" and "Book Jing Yin Fu Qi Shu and Guan Ling Yin Xi Internal Biography , however, Guiguzi’s book has been classified as a banned book for many years. This is actually related to the political background at that time. Guiguzi’s writing is inherently evil in human nature, so the book Many of his thoughts are about trying to figure out people’s hearts and using strategies to achieve their goals. However, most feudal societies practiced Confucianism. Confucianism advocates the theory of good human nature. Therefore, Guiguzi’s doctrine will inevitably conflict with the political background at the time. Compared with Fenshu and Kengru, Guiguzi’s book is just a banned book, which is much better, However, nowadays, in this era of high freedom of thought, many of us have learned a lot of knowledge about life from Guiguzi's books, which has given people a significant impact.
2. The record of Guiguzi in history
1. There is no record of Guiguzi in the "Historical Records"
Guiguzi, this one has been handed down and has people There is no mention of a highly rated person in the book "史记" , which is unbelievable. Therefore, some people have begun to doubt that there really is such a person in in history. Does exist? If so, why doesn't Guiguzi include a biography in the book "Historical Records", which records many famous historical figures? Only in the "Historical Records · Biography of Zhang Yi" and "Historical Records · Biography of Suqin" mentioned Guiguzi.
Sima Qian and his historical record
For the "Historical Records" there is no introduction about Guiguzi, this is not known, I don't know if Guiguzi has caused the author in some way, or the author has caused Guiguzi for a while forgotten. This is not what we can think of, but what is certain is that there is the character of Guiguzi in in history, and to a certain extent it has affected the battle situation and ending of the entire Warring States period.
2, Xu Fu went to Japan to seek longevity medicine for Qin Shihuang
Mao Meng is a disciple of Guiguzi, and it is said that he will rise to the immortal day by day. The record of Mengbai Rishengxian), this made Qin Shihuang, who tossed and turned every day and wanted to be immortal, must have asked someone to ask clearly, and this person was none other than Maomeng’s master Guiguzi. "Lazi" wrote: "Qin Shihuang heard the words of Mr. Guigu, because he sent Xu Fu into the sea to ask for jade, vegetables and gold, and an inch of fruit."
in Japan's "日本国史略" also records: "The twelfth year of filial piety to the emperor, Xu Fulai from Qin Dynasty." This also confirmed the existence of Xu Fu who had come to Japan. Xu Fu lived in Japan thereafter. He sent his seven children to seven places in Japan to live. From then on, Xu Fu's descendants thrived and thrived in Japan. Some people even think that Xu Fu is the father of Japan . Later generations only knew that Xu Fu arrived in Japan to seek longevity medicine, but did not know that Xu Fu arrived in Japan and had Guiguzi's handwriting.
徐福东渡图
3, the record of Guiguzi in Taoism
In the "Orthodox Taoist" there is a record of Guiguzi's magical magic, accurate records Guiguzi’s training dojo, and various spells and methods of cultivating spells, etc., and also spread the magic secrets such as "Guiguzi Tianji Lingwen". Such records have turned Guiguzi from possessing supernatural powers into The Taoist real person became the originator of the Taoist school. After that, the Taoist called Ghost Guzi the ancestor of Wang Chan and respected him as the real person Xuanwei. said in the Tang Dynasty's "Recording Yizhixian": "Mr. Guigu, the ancient immortal." This directly turned Guiguzi into a long-lived immortal.
However, Guiguzi has such great supernatural powers, why does it still exist in that war-torn world? Regarding this point, Taoism also gave a saying: Guiguzi still has a mission in the mortal world that has not been completed, so he took in his disciples and gave them some skills, in order to help China complete the unification cause of .
Wang Chan old ancestor statue (Bagua City)
Third, why is Guiguzi passed down into a mythical existence?
1. Official historical records
It is recorded in some historical materials that 鬼谷子 has survived for more than one hundred and thirty years . In ancient times, this food was scarce. At the age of seventy, he is already considered to be an advanced age. Guiguzi survives more than others.Half, this is enough to make people think about it, and Guiguzi is still a cultivator, so the world thinks Guiguzi is a living god.
In "Warring States Policy·Eastern Zhou Dynasty" , there is a sentence describing Guiguzi: "One person is more important than the treasure of nine tripods, and a three-inch tongue is better than a million soldiers." A sentence in "Tengwenxia" also describes Guiguzi, "When one is angry, the princes are afraid, when one breath is for the world." These two sentences can explain the power of Guiguzi.
Warring States Policy Collection Edition
2, folk gossip
also because of Guiguzi's warfare, education, Taoism, legalism, and conspiracy theory. There are yin, yang, five elements and other aspects are understood, so when future generations learn these rules, they will regard Guiguzi as the originator, and even deify Guiguzi.
For example, in the Tang and Song Dynasties, a fortune-telling book-"Fate Book" appeared. The note of the book "Fate Book" is: "The Legend of Guiguzi, Annotated by Li Xu". Li Xuzhong was a minister in the Tang Dynasty, and he was also proficient in fortune-telling theory. According to relevant historical experts, the "Fate Book" is not the work of Gui Guzi, and Li Xuzhong's annotations are also faked by posterity. In Ancient Taoist , many people do fortune-telling for people. Guiguzi is regarded as a god-man by future generations, so some people will write books in his name, which is also reasonable. Just like in the current society, it is inevitable that some people will use celebrities to gain attention. It is this principle that makes Guiguzi more and more deified.
Ancient Taoist fortune-telling
3, Taoist deification of Guiguzi
Guiguzi is being handed down more and more gods, Warfare family respects him as a saint Strategists respect him as the ancestor, fortune-telling and divination respect him as the ancestor, the planner respects him as the sage, the famous master respects him as the ancestor, Taoism respects him as the ancestor of Wang Chan, In cultural history, he is with Confucius , Mencius, Zhuangzi, Xunzi, Mozi, Han Feizi are all famous academics.
Gods generally have one mount. For example, Laozi’s mount is Qingniu. However, the spread of 鬼谷子’s mount among the people is two animals, one is a lion, the other is a tiger, These are two very mighty animals, reflecting the folk's hypothesis of the Trinity of Man, God, and Ghost in Guiguzi. Add a fairy color to the image of Guiguzi.
guiguzi tiger and leopard mount
四、Summary
Anyway, Guiguzi itself must be very good, only in this way can it be widely used by the world There is no doubt about this. But Guiguzi must be the same physical body as us, and it will not be as magical as described in the novel, so Guiguzi must be deified by posterity in the middle. was deified for three reasons. One is that during the Warring States period, Guiguzi played a very important role; the other is that there are various and chaotic legends about Guiguzi, and the third is the deification of Guiguzi by Taoism. It is these three points that have become the image characteristics of Guiguzi as we know it now.
References:
1, "The Four Friends of Ghost Valley"
2, "Golden Basket"
3, "Orthodox Taoism" 》
