At the end of the Qin Dynasty, due to the violent rule of the people, Chen Sheng and Wu Guang took the lead in the uprising in Daze Township. Later, the world's heroes joined together. Xiang Liang became a leader among the many insurgents. Xiang Liang was famous for his teaching. Using Fan Zeng's strategy, he found the grandson of King Chuhuai, became King of Chuhuai, and summoned the insurgents under his command.
大泽乡Uprising
Later Xiang Liang died in battle, Xiang Yu passed the battle of Julu, all princes belonged to him, Xiang Yu actually became the leader of all princes .
The Battle of Julu
After the Battle of Julu, Xiang Yu led the Chu army to the west and confronted the Qin general Zhang Han, Qin Jun general Zhang Han was affected by Qin Ershi and Zhao Gao were jealous, so they chose to surrender to Xiang Yu, but then Xiang Yu killed 200,000 Qin Jun pits . This incident is recorded in the Records of the History of Sima Qian. According to "Records of the History·The Benji of Xiang Yu":
Xiang Yu is Zhao Tingbu and General Pu's plan and said: "Qin officials are not satisfied with the public, and they will not listen to the key. It is better to kill them, but only with Zhang Han, Chang Shixin, and Du Wei. Yi entered the Qin Dynasty." So the Chu army attacked Qin Qin's more than 200,000 soldiers south of Xin'an City at night.
Did Xiang Yu really kill 200,000 Qin Army?
Xiang Yu killed 200,000 Qin army in a pit. Now historians have a lot of arguments. Some historians believe that Sima Qian deliberately exaggerated the number of Xiang Yu’s killing of Qin army in praise of Liu Bang in order to discredit Xiang Yu. Is it true?
The specific number of killings may not be accurate, but the possibility of killing Qin army is very high!
One is Xiang Yu, who definitely dares to do this. Xiang Yu is a man who dares to think and do things, and is quite courageous. At that time Zhang Han attacked the State of Zhao, and King Chuhuai dispatched Song Yi and Xiang Yu to rescue Zhao, but Song Yi was cautious. After arriving in Anyang, he stayed for 46 days without attacking in order to allow Qin and Zhao to fight with each other. The army is good at reaping profits. However, Xiang Yu suggested that he would draw troops across the river, join forces inside and outside, and attack the Qin army. Xiang Yu couldn't persuade Song Yi, so he killed Song Yi, saying that Song Yi had rebelled, he became a general, led the troops across the river to rescue Zhao, and fought a beautiful giant deer battle.
项羽
Second, there is such a precedent in history . In the Warring States Period, in the Battle of Changping between Qin and Zhao, Qin General Baiqi once killed 400,000 soldiers from Zhao. shows that there was no concept of preferential treatment of prisoners in the war between countries at that time. Killing the enemy’s army was a safe way to deal with it. This is determined by the nature of the war in the cold weapon era. . Because in the Cold Weapon era, the number of people was a very important factor in determining the outcome of a war. At that time, there were unstable factors in the Qin army. If this group of people cannot follow Xiang Yu’s command, it will leave a lot of trouble. In order to prevent the 200,000 Qin army from rebelling against the target, Xiang Yu might kill this group of descendants, and he was able to accomplish this.
Third, the Chu army has a food crisis. In ancient times, when leading soldiers to fight, grain and grass were important logistical support resources. According to historical records, another reason Xiang Yu accepted Zhang Han’s surrender was that the Chu army was short of food at that time, which could not support long-term combat. Therefore, is probably another important reason for the lack of food.
Zhang Han makes people see Xiang Yu and wants to make an appointment. Xiang Yu summoned the military officials and said: "With less food, I would like to listen to their appointments." The military officials all said: "Good." Xiang Yu went to Qihuan and Yinxu in the south. Already allied, Zhang Han snorted when he saw Xiang Yu, saying for Zhao Gao. Xiang Yu was Lizhanghan as Yongwang, and placed in the Chu army. Make Chang Shixin the general and Qin Jun as the forward.
Fourth, Sima Qian does not need to discredit Xiang Yu . Chinese historians have a strong independent spirit of seeking truth from facts. For example, Sima Qian has a strong spirit of seeking truth from facts.Misfortune, was "corrupted", that is, because he refused to tell lies, refused to say things against his will, and treated his life like this, not to mention the past history, so Sima Qian has no need to discredit Xiang Yu, This figure of 200,000 may be inaccurate, but at least it is reflected by various materials that Sima Qian could understand at the time.
Fifth, the existing "Chu Keng" site is direct evidence. In 1912, the Beiyang government cooperated with Belgium to expand and extend the Bianluo Railway in the east-west direction, which was later the Longhai Railway. In the vicinity of Ershilipu Village, Qianqiu Town, Yima, workers accidentally dug out bones when they dig mountains and chisel rocks. People expanded on this foundation, and a soil pit with a length of 400 meters from east to west and a width of 250 meters from north to south gradually surfaced. This is the existing Chukeng site.
Xiang Yu Keng killing 200,000 Qin Jun is a major decision-making error, the impact is very bad, it is a kind of "dishonest" behavior
We all think now Xiang Yu is a hero because he led the people to overthrow the violent rule of the Qin Dynasty, but I think Xiang Yu can be a general who leads the war, but he is not a qualified general.
Sun Tzu's Art of War says that the generals are wise, faithful, benevolent, courageous, and strict, that is, not only the wisdom and ability to lead soldiers to fight. Leading soldiers must also be mindful. "Benevolence and righteousness" is also an important factor, so "seeing pawns like babies, so you can go to Shenxi with them; treating pawns like your beloved son, so you can die with them", Xiang Yu completely ignored The way of benevolence and righteousness is a major decision-making error.
At this time, the officials of the princes and soldiers passed through the Qinzhong at the same time, so the officials of Qin Zhongzheng met so many officials and soldiers, and the Qin army descended on the princes. Insult Qin officials. Qin officials often whispered: "General Zhang and others deceived my subordinates to surrender to the princes, and now I can enter the pass to break the Qin, great good; that is, no, the princes seize my family and the east, and Qin will do everything to punish my parents and wives." To report to Xiang Yu.
is unpopular. At that time, the Chu army was like a broken bamboo, and the Qin army had no resistance. If they could treat these prisoners equally, then these people would inevitably become a very important force, and the 200,000 Qin army, under the leadership of Zhang Han, Previously, he broke the Chu army and killed Xiang Liang. It should be said that the combat effectiveness was very strong. As a result, Xiang Yu killed all the Qin army, leaving only a few generals of the Qin army, so that these three generals did not make any achievements. It is estimated that it is also related to Xiang Yu's strategy of "cunning rabbits to die and running dogs cooking".
Loss of strength. In ancient countries, whether soldiers or large-scale constructions were carried out by the common people, So the 200,000 Qin army was also the object of oppression. If the way of benevolence and righteousness is implemented, then the 200,000 Qin army can Transformed into Xiang Yu's own team. And it was reorganized according to the troops after the surrender. This troop was transformed into a forward troop and led the Chu Army to march west. This was originally a good arrangement, but Xiang Yu just because these people had some concerns, he didn’t The essence is to weaken one's own strength.
Proud and conceited. People with strong ability are generally more arrogant and conceited, and they don't listen to opinions very much. Xiang Yu has a good command of leading soldiers in battle, and he is also very brave, which has cultivated his proud and conceited character. During the Hongmen Banquet, Fan Zeng repeatedly suggested Xiang Yu to kill Liu Bang decisively, but Xiang Yu failed to implement it. The main reason was that Xiang Yu was confused by Liu Bang’s humble appearance, so he couldn’t listen to others’ opinions and thought everything was in his own. Under control.
Killing 200,000 Qin Army in a pit is the fundamental manifestation of Xiang Yu’s cruel nature and is not worthy of sympathy.
Xiang Yu Killing 200,000 Qin Army in a pit is only mentioned in "Records of the History". This incident showed the cruelty of Xiang Yu's character vividly and exquisitely, and it was in sharp contrast with Liu Bang after entering Guanzhong and the three chapters of Guanzhong's elders' covenant. The two people handled things in a superior way.
Later Xiang Yu entered Guanzhong and killedKilling Prince Qin, burning the palace of the Qin Dynasty, and returning home with treasures and beautiful women. Some people persuaded him to become king in Guanzhong. This was originally a good suggestion, but he thought that if he succeeded, he would not return to his hometown with honor. The advisers were also killed.
So, Xiang Yu can be a hero, but he can't be a king. Compared with Liu Bang, he lacks too much wisdom.
古语说， Those who have gained the way have many help, those who have lost their way are few. , the reason why these 200,000 soldiers are alienated is that they are worried that the Chu army cannot fight. Winning the Qin army is also human nature. If Xiang Yu can be more confident and confident in overthrowing the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty, can he still kill the 200,000 Qin army?
Xiang Yu killed 200,000 Qin Jun in a pit, no matter what the consideration was, it was a manifestation of defection. Since ancient times, the murderers did not end well. In the Battle of Changping, Qin General Bai Qi killed 400,000 Zhao Jun. Later, he was gifted to death by King Qin Zhao. He also regretted the killing of hundreds of thousands in the Battle of Changping.
The king of Qin is a sword bestowed by an envoy and decides himself. Wu Anjun drew the sword to himself and said, "Why do I have sinned in the sky?" For a long time, he said, "I am dead. In the battle of Changping, Zhao Zu surrendered hundreds of thousands. It is enough to die." Then he committed suicide.
Therefore, the death of a bloodthirsty person, this is the cycle of heaven and retribution.
If you were Xiang Yu, would you kill 200,000 Qin army soldiers?
