Charles I, the Beginning of the Anjou Dynasty of Hungary - A Brief History of Hungary 14

into 14th century Hungary finally ushered in the period when it was ruled by foreign monarchs, namely Hungarian foreign rule period, during which Hungarian kingdom successively experienced Naples Anjou Reign , Luxembourg Reign Reign , Habsburg Reign Reign , Agiellonian Reign , ......

Hungary

Among the many foreign rule periods in the Kingdom of Hungary, the first and most influential period for Hungary is undoubtedly the period of the Anjou Dynasty in Naples , that is, 1308-1385 Anjou Dynasty reorganized the Kingdom of Hungary

We briefly sorted out the main line of Hungarian historical development throughout the 14th-16th centuries, and among them, the development of Anjou Dynasty had to be expand the story,Because it was the rule of the Anjou Dynasty of Hungary Charles I that restored the Kingdom of Hungary to the status of a European power, and Charles I also became one of the fourteen monarchs of the Hungarian Heroes' Square

Hungarian Heroes Square

So in this issue, we will focus on the legendary life of King Charles I of Hungary, take a look at the beginning of the Anjou Dynasty in Hungary, and talk about the contribution of Charles I of the Anjou Dynasty to the development of Hungary_ span2span

Charles I

Speaking of Charles I , many monarchs in European history have used this name, such as Scotland, England and Ireland King Charles I; France King Charles I; Charles I, the founding king of the Anjou Dynasty in Naples, etc., and the Charles I we are talking about today is the founding king of the Anjou Dynasty in Hungary

Charles I

Charles I of the Anjou Dynasty of Hungary was born in 1288 and died on July 16, 1342, at the age of 54. His father was Prince of Naples Charlie de Anjou (nicknamed "The Hammer") ,Mother is Holy Roman Empire Emperor Rudolf I Princess of Habsburg Clemenceia

So he was born with a golden spoon in his mouth to become Anjou Before the dynasty monarch he was called charlie robert , or translated as charlie robert . His family branched from the Anjou dynasty of England, France and the Anjou dynasty in Southern Italy Naples

The location of the kingdom of Naples

Finally, Charles went from the Anjou dynasty of Naples to the founding father of the Anjou dynasty of Hungary Jun, so this lineage is connected to the Anjou Dynasty of Naples in blood

And in 1308, Charles, who was only 20 years old, was elected by his supporters to become King of Anjou Dynasty of Hungary, and he has been since then. Living in Hungary, under the influence of my eyes and ears, I will become an authentic old Hungarian

Charles Robert

Charles I, with his outstanding political experience and ability, is humble And devoutly restored the Kingdom of Hungary to the status of a European power, creating a short-lived "rejuvenation" in Hungary in the 14th century, which was admired by future generationsTraditional The Hungarian Kingdom of the Arpad Dynasty died out, and in the following seven years, various forces competed for the supremacy of power, including The Anjou Dynasty in Naples

The last monarch of the Arpad Dynasty who died in 1301 Andre III was Charles I Grandmother's cousin, so by virtue of this kinship, little Charles also participated in the competition for the throne .

Andre III

Because the great nobles who wanted to weaken the royal power in Hungary at that time took the opportunity to make waves, so the throne of Hungary was suspended in the 1301-1308 years, historically known as Hungarian civil strife_ span2span , or Hungarian vacancy period (see

Naples banker

and Charlie's backstage is also very hard, his grandfather, the king of Naples Charles II once married King of Hungary Istvan V 's daughter Maria wife,This provided the basis for Charles' succession to the Hungarian throne.

Istvan V

Under the struggle between the Hungarian elite and the church, the pope gradually gained the upper hand, so 1307 Charles accepted the Hungarian lords and nobles. Pledge of allegiance, became king of Hungary

In 1308, the Anjou dynasty of Hungary was officially established. 1309 Charles I officially announced his succession to the throne in Budapest . 27 August 1310 Charles I receives the crown of St Stephen at Sykes White Castle .

And after everything was justified, the main job of little Charlie at the beginning of his ascension was to fight against the powerful forces of various places to consolidate the hard-won throne...

Struggle_ h171h1

As early as the period of the last kings of the Arpad Dynasty, The feudal lords in Hungary sat on the throne and gradually seized and emptied the power of the king and the royal family. With the disintegration of the royal domain, the Hungarian king was finally reduced to the same level as ordinary nobles. The existence of rank

charlie I

and this is of course foreign charlie 1 , you know that charlie's father charlie de Anjou was already there In 1290, he was named King of Hungary by Pope Nicholas IV (because of the conflict between the Holy See and Hungary at that time,The Church had to establish its own authority to weaken Hungarian power), but the nominal king never really gained power.

So when I came to Little Charlie, I was determined not to repeat the mistakes of my father. In order to win the power of the monarchy, Little Charlie had to seek allies in politics, and one by one started to attack the local feudal lords in Hungary

Hungarian feudal lords

In the years after his coronation, Charles I devoted himself to suppressing waves of rebellions by the great feudal lords , who had long been accustomed to the anarchy after the death of Andre III, and did not place the center at all. eyes.

In 1312, Charles I defeated the Oba family at the battle of Rozgoni; in the same year he defeated the last great Hungarian nobleman - Chak Matthias_ span2span and his supporter Obau Omaodai ended the long Hungarian civil war.

In the end, Chuck Matthias' cronies tried to assassinate the court under the guise of surrendering to the king, but they failed and were implicated. From then on, the local forces that could challenge the central government were cleaned up_ p37p

After defeating the feudal lords and nobles in various places, Charles is 24 years old. Charles I, who was a young and middle-aged man, did not relax. turned the war into the construction and reform of the national system, and opened the prelude to rectify the country. ..

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Rectification

After defeating the feudal lords of various places, Charlie actually strengthened his rule over all parts of the country, consolidated the foundation of his rule, started to rectify the country, and developed economic and military strength

Charlie

Charles I immediately implemented a series of reform measures in Hungary:

• Politics:

Charles I took the supreme power of the country back from the noble assembly to the king,Cut off the previous state of "separation" of the great nobles and lords

and Charlie also established a so-called "honor system" , that is, the king provides preferential conditions to the nobles who obey him (such as Allowing more castles, etc.), in exchange for the unification of the king's orders and restraining the power of the Hungarian nobility

• Economy:

Charles I established the national fixed tax and the royal family The practice of special tax : fixed tax is established by means of the fixed tax law ; and special tax refers to the mining of precious metals by , after all, Hungary had the richest gold mine in Europe at that time

At the same time, the country also encouraged the development of Industry and commerce , the king also obtained a lot of financial revenue through commercial taxation. At this time, Hungary's industry and commerce were not limited to domestic, but also engaged in a large number of import and export trade, and the king made a lot of money from tariffs alone

At the same time Charles I also carried out the financial reform, unifying the thirty-five currencies in circulation in Hungary at that time, using the gold standard , minting a unified currency, issuing stable gold coins, stabilizing the market and inhibiting Inflation of , and the king got the coinage monopoly, another large sum of Treasury income

• Military: _strong