Babaoshan was originally a small mound of Beijing Xishan . It is named Babaoshan because it is rich in eight building materials including refractory clay, white clay and limestone. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, this place was a good place for eunuchs to take care of their retirement. In 1946, the Kuomintang government converted it into the Martyrs’ Shrine . After the founding of the People’s Republic of China, this place was gradually transformed into a revolutionary cemetery.
In 1950, Ren Bishi, one of the top five secretaries, died of illness and was buried on the top of the slope on the eastern slope of Babao Mountain. His tomb became the first tomb of the Babaoshan Revolution. Since then, many party, state and military leaders, leaders of democratic parties, patriotic democrats, famous scientists, writers, senior engineers and technicians, revolutionary martyrs, international friends and leading cadres at the county level and above have been buried here, and of course there are also Twelve senior Kuomintang generals were buried here.
1. Li Zongren, Acting President of the Republic of China
Li Zongren, a native of Lingui, Guangxi, the leader of the Xingui family, a general of the National Revolutionary Army, led the Seventh Army to the north during the Northern Expedition, and moved to various places. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Li Zongren served as the commander of the fifth theater of , Taierzhuang Victory wiped out more than 20,000 Japanese soldiers and won the first victory since the war of resistance against Japan. After that, he participated in the battle of Wuhan, Suizao battle , , Henan battle and other battles. Elected as the Vice President of the Republic of China in 1948, three major battles after replaced Chiang Kai-shek as acting president.
Li Zongren
After the founding of New China, Li Zongren flew to Hong Kong under the pretext of seeking medical treatment.In December 1949, he flew to the United States by plane and spent 16 years in exile in the United States. In 1965, Li Zongren and his wife Guo Dejie returned to Beijing, and were received by Chairman Mao and other party and state leaders. Li Zongren read a statement at the airport, expressing his willingness to contribute to the reunification of the motherland. In 1969, Li Zongren died of pneumonia in Beijing at the age of 78. The farewell ceremony of his body was held in the auditorium of Beijing Babaoshan Cemetery and was buried in Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery .
2. Peace General Zhang Zhizhong
Zhang Zhizhong, a native of Chaohu, Anhui, a second-level general of the National Revolutionary Army, served as the commander of 5th Army during the Anti-Japanese War in Shanghai, and led his troops to resist the invasion in Shanghai. Hua Japanese Army. After the Anti-Japanese War broke out in 1937, Zhang Zhizhong served as the commander-in-chief of the Ninth Army and once again resisted the Japanese invaders in Shanghai. After the Southern Anhui Incident, Zhang Zhizhong wrote to Chiang Kai-shek, advocating continuing the cooperation between the KMT and the Communist Party and jointly resisting Japan.
Zhang Zhizhong
Zhang Zhizhong is the only national general who has not fought with the Communist Party, so he has the title of "General of Peace". In 1949, he represented the Kuomintang in negotiations with the Communist Party. After the negotiation failed, he accepted Premier Zhou's plea for him to stay in Beijing and issued the "Statement on the Current Situation." In September, he participated in the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the founding ceremony, and contributed to the peaceful liberation of Xinjiang. Later, he held multiple positions and contributed to the promotion of national unity and socialist construction. He died of illness in Beijing in 1969 at the age of 79, and his ashes were buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.
3. Fu Zuoyi
Fu Zuoyi, Linyi, Shanxi , a second-level general of the National Revolutionary Army, led his troops to participate in the Great Wall War in 1933 , early November 1936,Launched the Battle of Bailingmiao and eliminated the puppet troops in Suiyuan , defeating the Japanese conspiracy to invade Suiyuan to the west. During the War of Resistance Against Japan, he participated in the defense of Taiyuan . Although Taiyuan fell in the end, it also suffered heavy losses to the Japanese army. In 1940, he won the victory of in the Wuyuan , setting a precedent for the Kuomintang theater to regain lost ground. In January 1949, Peking Peaceful Liberation was promoted, so that the ancient capital Beijing and all its precious historical buildings were well preserved, and the lives and properties of 2 million Beijing residents were saved from the scourge of war.
Fu Zuoyi
After the founding of New China, Fu Zuoyi served as Minister of Water Resources for 22 years. made important contributions to the development of water conservancy in New China. Fu Zuoyi died of illness in Beijing in 1974 at the age of 79. Buried in Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.
4. Tiger general Wei Lihuang
Wei Lihuang, a native of Hefei, Anhui, a second-level general of the National Revolutionary Army, and a "tiger general" among the five generals of Chiang Kai-shek. Wei Lihuang was a real anti-Japanese famous general. During the Anti-Japanese War, he achieved victory in a series of wars such as the recapture of Zhengzhou and the counterattack in northwestern Yunnan and Myanmar. During the battle at Xinkou , he also undermined the Japanese combat plan. But Wei Lihuang was still the boss of the Eighth Route Army, and his relationship with the Eighth Route Army was also very good. The Supreme Commander of the Japanese Army in North China Xiangyue Qingji called him the "Chinese Tiger General", Stilwell called Wei Lihuang the most capable general in the Kuomintang army in his memoirs.
Wei Lihuang
During the War of Liberation ,Wei Lihuang was appointed by Chiang Kai-shek as the commander-in-chief of the northeast suppression. However, Wei Lihuang was unwilling to fight a civil war and was imprisoned by Chiang Kai-shek on the charge of " hesitating and losing the opportunity to cause weightlessness in " in 1949. After being released from Hong Kong, he returned to the mainland in 1955. In 1960, Wei Lihuang died of illness in Beijing at the age of 63. After his death, he was buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.
5. Du Yuming
Du Yuming, born in Mizhi, Shaanxi, graduated from Huangpu Phase I, Lieutenant General of the National Revolutionary Army. In 1933, Du Yuming led his troops to participate in the Gubeikou Great Wall War of Resistance. After the outbreak of the battle of in 1937, Du Yuming led the 2nd and 4th companies of the first battalion of the Armored Corps, and they fought at the Shanghai Huishan Wharf with simultaneous troops to prevent attempts to land. Japanese army. After that, Du Yuming served successively as the commander of the 200th Division and the commander of the 5th Army. This army was the first mechanized army established in the early days of the War of Resistance Against Japan. In 1939, Du Yuming led his troops to participate in the battle of southern Guangxi and won the Kunlun Pass victory . The Japanese army Masao Nakamura was killed. In 1942, Du Yuming led his troops to Burma to fight against the Japanese.
Du Yuming
During the War of Liberation, Du Yuming served as the actual supreme officer of the national army on the Northeast battlefield and the Huaihai battlefield. He participated in two of the three major battles. In January 1949, Du Yuming was captured after failing to break through Chen Guanzhuang, and he was detained in Gongdelin for 10 years as a war criminal. In 1959, he became the first batch of amnesty personnel. After the amnesty, Du Yuming was successively elected as a member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and a representative of the National People's Congress. He died of kidney failure in Beijing in 1981 at the age of 77 and was buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery after his death.
6, Wang Yaowu
Wang Yaowu,A native of Tai'an, Shandong, graduated from Huangpu Phase III, Lieutenant General of the National Revolutionary Army. During the Anti-Japanese War, Wang Yaowu fought almost the entire Anti-Japanese battlefield, and led his troops to participate in the Songhu Battle, Nanjing Defense Battle, Lanfeng Battle, Wanjialing Battle, and the first Changsha Battle_ span3span, , , , _ The last big battle against Japan.
Wang Yaowu
During the War of Liberation, Wang Yaowu served as the commander-in-chief of the Second Appeasement District and the chairman of Shandong Province, governing Shandong. In September 1948, he was captured in the Battle of Jinan at , and was detained in Gongdelin as a war criminal for 10 years. In 1959, he and Du Yuming became the first group of people to be pardoned. In 1968, Wang Yaowu died of illness in Beijing at the age of 64. In 1980, the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee and CPPCC organized a memorial service for him. His ashes were placed in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.
7. Fan Hanjie
Fan Hanjie, from Dapu, Guangdong, graduated from Huangpu Phase I, Lieutenant General of the National Revolutionary Army, served as a lieutenant general of the National Revolutionary Army, and served as a lieutenant general of the National Revolutionary Army during the Anti-Japanese War. Commander of the 27th Army, Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the 34th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, Commander-in-Chief of the 38th Army of the National Revolutionary Army, Deputy Commander and Chief of Staff of the First Theater, successively participated in "One· The "February 8th Incident" Songhu Anti-Japanese War , August 13 Songhu battle and Zhongtiaoshan battle and so on.
Fan Hanjie
During the War of Liberation, Fan Hanjie served as the deputy commander of Northeast "General" and director of the Jinzhou Command Post. On October 14, 1948, he was captured by the People's Liberation Army during the Jinzhou attack and was later detained and reformed by the government. After 12 years, in November 1960, he was pardoned by Supreme People's Court . On January 16, 1976, he died in Beijing. He was 80 years old and was buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.
8, Zheng Dongguo
Zheng Dongguo, from Shimen, Hunan, graduated from Huangpu Phase I, and a lieutenant general of the National Revolutionary Army. In 1933, he led his troops to participate in the Gubeikou Anti-Japanese War , Seven Seventh Incident , Zheng Dongguo successively participated in the Battle of Baoding, the battle of Xuzhou, the battle of Wuhan, the battle of southern Guangxi, the battle of Western Hubei, the second battle of Changsha, etc. Battle. was transferred to the new commander of the Chinese Army in India in 1943 and led the Allied Forces to regain northern Burma.
During the War of Liberation, Du Yuming invited Zheng Dongguo to the northeast, and was later appointed as the vice president of the Northeast Suppression, stationed in Changchun. Later, after the East unleashed a powerful offensive, Zheng Dongguo surrendered under his subordinates on October 19, 1948. . After the founding of New China, Zheng Dongguo successively served as counselor of the Ministry of Water Resources and member of the CPPCC.
Zheng Dongguo
Zheng Dongguo is very concerned about the cause of the motherland's reunification. He has received many old friends from overseas and Taiwan, and patiently explained the country's policies to them, calling on them to come back and contribute to the construction of the motherland. In his later years, he still persisted in participating in various political and social activities, actively making suggestions and suggestions for the reform and construction of the country, and spared no effort to realize the peaceful reunification of the motherland.Struggle to the last breath of life. In 1991, Zheng Dongguo died of illness in Beijing at the age of 88. After his death, he was buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.
9, Song Xilian
Song Xilian, a native of Xiangxiang, Hunan, graduated from Huangpu Phase I, a lieutenant general of the National Revolutionary Army. After the July 7th Incident, Song Xilian served as division commander, army commander, and commander-in-chief of the group army. He has participated in dozens of battles such as the Battle of Songhu and the Battle of Lanfeng. He is known as the "General Eagle Dog". During the War of Liberation, Song Xilian served as deputy commander-in-chief and commander of the 14th Corps of the "General Suppression" of in Central China. He was captured on December 19, 1949 in Shaping, Dadu River.
Song Xilian
After the founding of New China, Song Xilian was transferred to the Beijing Gongdelin War Criminals in 1954 for transformation, and in 1959 became the first batch of amnesty personnel. After moving to the United States in 1980 and settled in the United States, Song Xilian established China Association for the Promotion of Peaceful Reunification in the United States. did a lot of work for the peaceful reunification of the motherland. He died of illness in New York in 1993 at the age of 86. Later, his ashes were moved and buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery.
10, Liao Yaoxiang
Liao Yaoxiang, from Shaoyang, Hunan, graduated from Huangpu Phase VI, Lieutenant General of the National Revolutionary Army. After the July 7th Incident, Liao Yaoxiang successively served as deputy commander, division commander, and commander of the new 6th army. He successively participated in the Nanjing Defence Battle, the Battle of Kunlun Pass, the Counterattack in Northern Myanmar, and the Battle of Xuefeng Mountain . During the War of Liberation, Liao Yaoxiang served as the commander of the New Sixth Army, one of the five main forces of the Kuomintang, and later as the commander of the Liaoxi Corps. was captured on October 27, 1948 during a breakout.
Liao Yaoxiang
After the founding of New China, Liao Yaoxiang became a war criminal and was detained.In January 1956, he was transferred to Gongdelin for reform and study. In December 1961, he was pardoned as the third batch of amnesty personnel. Liao Yaoxiang died of a heart attack in Beijing on December 2, 1968, at the age of 62. In May 1980, the Party Central Committee, the State Council and the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference organized a memorial service and placed Liao Yaoxiang's urn in Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery .
11, Huang Wei
As the most stubborn war criminal in the Gongdelin War Criminal House, Huang Wei was not pardoned until 1975. After his death, he could be buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery. Many people have not thought of it.
Huang Wei, a native of Guixi, Jiangxi, graduated from Huangpu Phase I and is a lieutenant general of the National Revolutionary Army. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, Huang Wei served as the commander of the 67th Division of the 18th Army, the commander of the 18th Army, and the commander of the 54th Army . The battle of Luodian, known as the "Flesh Mill" during the Battle of Songhu, was Huang Wei's battle of fame. During the War of Liberation, Huang Wei served as the commander of the 12th Corps. Huaihai Campaign When the Huangwei Corps was destroyed in the double-stacked , Huang Wei himself was also captured by the People's Liberation Army.
Huang Wei
After the founding of New China, Huang Wei was reformed at Beijing Gongdelin War Criminals Management Office . Until the last batch of amnesty in 1975, Huang Wei was living in a total of 27 war criminals. In 1995, he became one of the longest reformed personnel in the war criminals’ camp. Huang Wei died of a heart attack in 1989 at the age of 85, and was buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery after his death.
12, intoxicated
intoxicated,A native of Xiangtan, Hunan, a lieutenant general of the Republic of China, he has served in the military command for a long time. He is also known as and Chen Gongshu , Zhao Lijun , Wang Tianmu_spanspan3 and Zhouspan 3 , Wang Tianmu_spanspan1 and Zhouspan 3 , Xu Yuanju and called the army of three swordsmen. He was detained by Lu Han on December 9, 1949, participated in the Yunnan Uprising, and later assisted Lu Han in arresting most of the Kuomintang personnel in Kunming. He was later regarded as a prisoner of war by Lu Han, imprisoned in Kunming Army Model Prison, and later transferred to Gongdelin War Criminals for reformation.
Intoxicated
In 1960, he became the second batch of amnesty personnel and was the only military officer in the first two batches of amnesty personnel. After the amnesty, he was appointed as the cultural and historical commissioner of the CPPCC Cultural and Historical Data Committee. In 1980, after investigation and verification by relevant departments, he was immersed in the Luhan uprising, and he was energized and signed, and issued an order in his own writing to hand in spy equipment and report to the designated place. The status was changed from a war criminal to an uprising general, enjoying the treatment of deputy ministerial level . He died of lung cancer in Beijing in 1996 at the age of 81 and was buried in the Babaoshan Revolutionary Cemetery after his death.
Summary:
Among the 12 people, in addition to intoxication, the other 11 people made outstanding contributions to the country and the nation during the War of Resistance Against Japan. They all hit the Japanese invaders severely on the battlefield. ,honourable. Although they all participated in the civil war later, after the founding of New China, they went into the camp of the people successively.They have made their own contributions to the construction of the country and the reunification of the motherland, so it is reasonable for them to be buried in Babaoshan after their death.
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