On July 11, 1933, my country's anti-Japanese patriotic general and national hero Ma Zhanshan came to Lushan and was repeatedly assassinated by Japanese spies.
The first place Ma Zhanshan came to was the tomb of the national hero Yue Fei 's mother and his wife. Looking at the tomb that had survived 800 years of wind and rain, Ma Zhanshan sighed deeply. He glanced at the tomb and then looked into the distance, seeming to see the scene where the mother-in-law stabbed the four characters "Jing loyal to serve the country" behind Yue Fei.
also seems to have seen Yue Fei leading the Yuejia Army invincible and fighting on the battlefield. Retract your gaze, look at yourself, in the military uniform, but not on the battlefield to kill the enemy, it's hard to gain aspirations!
Why is a generation of generals not on the battlefield, so they can only take care of their lives, and have been repeatedly assassinated by secret agents? This starts with the story of Ma Zhanshan's first half of his life.
In 1885, Ma Zhanshan was born in Huaide, Fengtian, which is today in Gongzhuling City, Jilin Province.
Ma Zhanshan's ancestral home was in Hebei, but his grandfather Ma Wanlong escaped famine during the Jiaqing period and came to northeast Jilin and settled here.
Ma Zhanshan’s father was called Ma Chun, and he fled to the northeast with Ma Wanlong, so the family had a very difficult life. Ma Chun married a local daughter of a family named Liu and gave birth to Ma Zhanshan.
Since childhood, Ma Zhanshan lived a poor life. Due to lack of nutrition, Ma Zhanshan was very thin.He was called "Little Horse" by his companion. At the same time, without the money to go to school, Ma Zhanshan, like his parents, didn't know a lot of characters.
Ma Zhanshan’s character Xiufang, which was given by a local teacher, was originally meant to be the auspicious meaning of "Xiufang Zhanshan", but I didn’t expect that in the end, Ma Zhanshan really became Zhanshan. A green forest person whose mountain is king.
When Ma Zhanshan was two years old, a group of escaped couples came to their village with two children. Ma Zhanshan’s parents couldn’t help but remember their ancestral experience and kindly left them to help. Work in your own home.
One of the two children with was a girl, named Du Zanyi, who was only 5 years old at the time, but she was also smart and capable. Ma Zhanshan’s mother Liu liked her very much, so she was with the girl’s parents Speaking of their desire to have a baby, the couple surnamed Du readily agreed.
In 1987, Ma Zhanshan’s mother got a serious illness. Because there was no money for treatment, she died soon after. Ma Zhanshan reluctantly borrowed 10 yuan from the local rich man Jiang Shun to bury her mother. In order to repay the money, Ma Zhanshan Started to release horses to the landlord Jiang Shun.
During this period of time, Ma Zhanshan has developed a tenacious character through life experience, and at the same time has trained very superb equestrian skills. It was also during this period that Ma Zhanshan and Du Zanyi got married.
Until Ma Zhanshan was 18 years old, one of his horses was lost. The landlord Jiang Shun insisted that he sold the horse and made him lose money. Finally, he sent Ma Zhanshan to the police station.
In the police station, no matter how the police beat it,Ma Zhanshan was still reluctant to beat him up, so he was kept in the police station. Ma Zhanshan's father Ma Chun sold all the food in the family and pieced it together before he lost Jiang Shun's horse money and rescued his son.
Later, the lost horse came back by himself, and Ma Zhanshan took it to find Jiang Shun for money, but how could the shameless Jiang Shun return the money he got? He disagreed, and finally let his servants beat Ma Zhanshan who was arguing with him.
Ma Zhanshan is a person who can be slaughtered. In a rage, Ma Zhanshan hides his father and wife from the mountain and becomes a bandit.
Because of his superb equestrian skills, his loyalty and ability, Ma Zhanshan soon became the bandit leader. The first thing to become a bandit leader is to go down the mountain for revenge. Ma Zhanshan asked his men to beat the landlord Jiang Shun severely, but did not kill him.
Ma Zhanshan, who was born in poverty, knew that the people were suffering, so he never robbed them.
In 1905, The Russo-Japanese War ended. In order to strengthen local rule, the Qing government began to suppress and recruit local bandits. Ma Zhanshan led his brothers and became a local guerrilla team and pursued them three years later. Tauktahu's battle was beginning to show his strength.
In 1911, Ma Zhanshan began to follow Wu Junsheng, the leader of the Fengtianhou Road Patrol Battalion, and he served as a post commander. Seeing that his development was okay, Ma Zhanshan wanted to bring his wife Du Zanyi around to enjoy the blessing, but was rejected.
Du Zanyi and Ma Zhanshan said: "I can go with you, but who will take care of my father after I am gone? Who will come to the mother's grave?" This sentence made Ma Zhanshan feel guilty and had to agree. Du Zanyi waited for herself to be successful, and took her and her father around to enjoy the blessings, but this promise did not come true.
Because Ma Zhanshan is brave in combat and will command, he has risen steadily among the troops.
In 1916, Ma Zhanshan followed Wu Junsheng to suppress the Mongolian Babu Zhabu, who was in trouble with the support of Japan, and was promoted to battalion commander.
In 1925, Guo Songling reversed, Ma Zhanshan led his troops to defeat Guo Songling's army and captured him and his wife alive. Because of his great contributions, Ma Zhanshan was successively promoted to the commander of the 17th Cavalry Division and the commander of the Second Cavalry Army.
In 1928, Zhang Zuolin was killed by the Japanese for preventing the Japanese from invading China. In the second year, Ma Zhanshan’s wife Du Zanyi fell ill and died before he had time to enjoy the blessing. Ma Zhanshan felt very sorry for this. To commemorate his wife, he bought 14 acres of land to bury her and planted willow trees all around.
When the Japanese invaded China, they very much hated Zhang Zuolin who stopped them, and Ma Zhanshan, as one of the most favored figures, was also hated together.
The hateful Japanese army found Du Zanyi’s cemetery,The tomb was cut open, gasoline was poured on Du Zanyi's coffin and body, and it burned. Ma Zhanshan, who received the news, gritted his teeth with hatred for the Japanese, which further prompted his future resistance to the war.
In 1931, the ambitious Japanese launched the September 18th Incident and began a local invasion of China, with the three northeastern provinces bearing the brunt. Under the non-resistance policy , the provinces of Jilin and Liaoning quickly fell. The Taoliao town envoy Zhang Haipeng cooperated with the enemy and treason, and assisted the Japanese in launching an invasion of Heilongjiang Province with the help of a large amount of Japanese arms and supplies.
Since Heilongjiang Province does not have Japanese overseas Chinese, and the Japanese army does not have a deep foundation here, it did not easily fall. However, the chairman of Heilongjiang Province is far away in Peking, and the main force in the province is also in the pass. Only in Qiqihar The strength of a guard regiment.
Xie Ke Knowing that the situation is critical, he vowed to co-exist and die with Heilongjiang Province, presided over the affairs of the province, and at the same time gave Zhang Xueliang power generation, and asked him to send a general proficient in combat. Support yourself.
Ma Zhanshan was in danger and was appointed as the acting chairman and military commander of Heilongjiang Province in Qiqihar. On the day of his appointment, Ma Zhanshan preached in public: "If anyone violates my territory and disturbs the public security, I will spare no effort to eliminate them, so that I can defend. The responsibility of the place."
took office,Shimizu, the Japanese diplomatic mission in Heilongjiang Province, came to persuade Ma Zhanshan more than one hundred times, but he was decisively rejected by Ma Zhanshan. He really hated the Japanese.
However, the Japanese did not give up because they were rejected.
At the end of October, Shimizu Bayi came to Ma Zhanshan to persuade him to surrender. This time, Ma Zhanshan did not directly refuse. Instead, he changed the conversation and said, "Lend me 500,000 oceans!"
Whenheard this, Shimizu Babai was stunned, but instantly smiled, because Ma Zhanshan didn’t refuse him this time and instead borrowed money from him. 500,000 oceans are not too much for Japan. It was even more cost-effective to subdue Ma Zhanshan. So, Shimizu Bayi asked, "Chairman Ma, what do you borrow the money for?"
Ma Zhanshan also smiled at him and said: " I want to buy guns and guns, and then use Come hit you guys. ”
As soon as these words came out, Qingshui Babai was so angry that he was so angry.
On the morning of November 4th, 1931, more than 1,300 Japanese troops under the cover of 7 planes advanced towards the river bridge under the pretext of repairing the bridge, and at the same time, they also used force to take away 3 sentinels from our country. The war is about to start.
Under the influence of the non-resistance policy, most officials in Heilongjiang Province wanted to surrender directly, but Ma Zhanshan disagreed. Fight against the Japanese invaders.
Soon after, the Japanese army issued an ultimatum. They let Ma Zhanshan abdicate and give up the position of chairman of Heilongjiang Province to the traitor Zhang Haipeng. At the same time, they used airplanes to sprinkle a large amount of paper in the city of Qiqihar with the words Ma Zhanshan made up by them. All kinds of crimes.
Ma Zhanshan convened a meeting of all cadres. At the meeting, there were still most people who wanted peace. Ma Zhanshan stood up and pointed to those who wanted peace. "I have made a decision, and that is to fight against Little Japan to the end. It is my duty to defend the people and our territory. If something goes wrong in the end, you will take my head to lead the crime."
Afterwards, Ma Zhanshan sent a telegram to the whole country to express his determination, saying: " When the border is dying, the sacrifice is on the verge of death, and the more and more fearful it is to fall, I can only look forward to the distant view of the tin. " for a while. In between, the whole country responded.
The Japanese saw that Ma Zhanshan's heart to resist the Japanese had been determined, and they brazenly launched an offensive. With the cooperation of planes, iron carts and dozens of guns , the war kicked off in Jiangqiao.
The 3 regiments of puppet troops headed by Zhang Haipeng as the vanguard, first started the offensive to occupy Jiangqiao. Under the command of Ma Zhanshan and Xie Ke, Zhang Haipeng’s team was completely defeated, Zhang Haipeng couldn’t see the enemy, and quickly led the rest. The troops underneath fled.
The Japanese generals looked at Zhang Haipeng as unreliable,Commanded the Japanese army to launch an offensive. In order to cooperate with Ma Zhanshan's command, Xie Ke handed over the military deployment and the list of military supplies to Ma Zhanshan. With the tacit cooperation of the two of them, the war of resistance went smoothly.
However, the combat effectiveness of the Japanese army is indeed not comparable to that of the puppet army. With the support of excellent equipment and weapons, the defenders of Heilongjiang Province fought very hard.
In the end, Ma Zhanshan and Xie Ke went to the battlefield in person. Under the encouragement of the two of them, the soldiers regarded death as home and refused to give up, but the increase in the Japanese army was continuous, in the bloody battle for three days and two nights. After that, the famous Jiangqiao battle came to an end. However, the confrontation between our army and the Japanese army did not end.
After the Jiangqiao Battle, people across the country spontaneously donated money and materials to support the war in Heilongjiang Province. The students also made a lot of contributions to the army and established the "Malaysia Anti-Japanese Regiment". Under the propaganda of domestic newspapers, Ma Zhanshan Received telegrams and letters of condolences from people from all over the country and from all walks of life.
my country’s famous educator and poet Tao Xingzhi also wrote poems to praise Ma Zhanshan: " is always on the rise and declines in the sky. The second gold medal cannot be recalled. ”
Unfortunately, although Ma Zhanshan’s actions were supported by people from all over the country, he still did not change the fighting style of the enemy and the widow. On November 19, due to ammunition Inadequate, the soldiers also suffered a lot of casualties, Ma Zhanshan could only lead the defenders out of Qiqihar.
In this battle,The Japanese army has invested a full force of 30,000 people. At the same time, it has excellent weapons and equipment. Advanced equipment such as fighters, tanks, heavy artillery and machine guns are countless. In contrast, Ma Zhanshan and Xie Ke have only more than 13,000 troops, and their weapons are rifles with a range of only 100 meters. . But it blocked the offensive for more than 30 days, killing more than 1,000 Japanese soldiers and more than 300 officers.
But at the time when Ma Zhanshan was praised by the people of the whole country, something happened that everyone, including the Japanese army, did not expect, that is, Ma Zhanshan "surrendered" to the Japanese army.
After the Japanese invaded and occupied most of the three northeastern provinces, they had the intention of establishing the "pseudo-Manchukuo" as a puppet regime, and began to persuade Ma Zhanshan to be used for their own purposes.
What the Japanese did not expect was that Ma Zhanshan agreed to their persuasion. Although unexpected, the Japanese were very happy that Ma Zhanshan could surrender and let him become the pseudo governor of Heilongjiang Province and the pseudo Manchuria. The position of Minister of Military Affairs.
But something that made the Japanese unhappy happened. Ma Zhanshan always used all kinds of excuses to refuse to sign his name on the traitorous documents. In the end, he told the Japanese army that he could not read. This practice made the Japanese people Very dissatisfied with Ma Zhanshan.
Finally, the Japanese army decided to redeploy Ma Zhanshan's troops and weaken his military power. Ma Zhanshan felt that the time had come and it was time to leave the Japanese army.
Yes, in fact, Ma Zhanshan surrendered to the Japanese army only to endure the humiliation. He knew that he would definitely be scolded by the people all over the country, but in order to preserve his strength and continue to resist Japan, this is also a last resort.
Before leaving the Japanese army completely,Ma Zhanshan took advantage of his position while investigating and exposing the various crimes of the Japanese, while secretly arranging military operations. At the same time, Ma Zhanshan also raised a lot of money for the redevelopment of the anti-Japanese team.
On April 1, 1932, Ma Zhanshan led more than 200 people to leave Qiqihar to start the anti-Japanese war again. The money he took away from the Japanese army amounted to two million silver dollars, 300 war horses, and a dozen trucks. Supplies.
With money and food in his hands, Ma Zhanshan quickly pulled up a new anti-Japanese team. In less than half a year, Ma Zhanshan had more than 5,000 troops in his hands. He led this force to keep fighting. The Japanese army harassed, but because of fighting alone, after five months of persistence, Ma Zhanshan was forced to retreat into the Soviet Union.
In 1933, Ma Zhanshan returned to China from the Soviet Union. He repeatedly requested the war of resistance, but due to various reasons, he did not achieve his wish.
The next year, Ma Zhanshan, a member of the Kuomintang Military Committee, came to Lushan, and this was the beginning of the scene.
However, heroes are ultimately useful. In 1937, the Japanese army began a full-scale war of aggression against China. Under the unfavorable war situation, the Communist Party and the Kuomintang cooperated and decided to fight against Japan together.
Ma Zhanshan was also appointed as the commander of the northeast advance army. While carrying out the anti-Japanese war, he was responsible for the formation of Suiyuan and Datong teams.
Northeast advance marched across the battlefield under the leadership of Ma Zhanshan,In the six years from 1937 to 1943, there were more than 30 battles between Ma Zhanshan and the Japanese and puppet troops, and thousands of soldiers were killed or injured.
In order to let future generations remember the spirit of these soldiers, Ma Zhanshan built a memorial tower and a shrine for the fallen soldiers in Harazhai Nanshan. At the same time, Ma Zhanshan personally presided over the compilation of the book "Advance to the Anti-Japanese War".
On the title page of the book, Ma Zhanshan personally wrote " , but also my Heshan " in the "kou" of the four characters "he" is missing. Half a pen.
Ma Zhanshan said: "Now the Japanese pirates have invaded China and occupied my territory. When the time comes, we will fight them all. Our rivers and mountains are in our own hands. This half of the pen can be made up."
1939 At the time, Ma Zhanshan passed through Yan'an and stayed for a period of time. Chairman Mao Zedong personally presided over a banquet to welcome Ma Zhanshan. Chairman Mao said: "Eight years ago, the Red Army and General Ma became comrades in the Anti-Japanese War. Now General Ma is more than half a century old, but he is still dealing with the enemy on the front lines of the Anti-Japanese War. This spirit is worthy of admiration by the people of our country."
In 1945, the Japanese army surrendered, and Ma Zhanshan held a celebration meeting in Harazhai. At the conference, Ma Zhanshan said excitedly: " We have won the war, and the Japanese surrendered. I will bring our brothers who marched in the Northeast to fight back to our Northeast. If someone comes to the Northeast to find me in the future, I promise you. Eat one bite of rice. ”
Later,General Ma Zhanshan actively responded to the call of our party and participated in the peaceful liberation of Peking.
In 1950, Chairman Mao Zedong sent someone to invite Ma Zhanshan to attend the second meeting of the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference. However, at this time, Ma Zhanshan no longer had the heroic figure of galloping on the battlefield. Instead, he was surrounded by lung cancer and was unable to act. , And finally failed to attend this meeting.
On November 29, 1950, my country's famous anti-Japanese general and a generation of national hero Ma Zhanshan died of illness in his residence in Beijing at the age of 65. The Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference and the State Council sent General Ma Zhanshan an elegiac couplet and a wreath to express their condolences. Li Jishen, the then Vice Chairman of the Central People’s Government, personally came to give General Ma Zhanshan a gift and buried him in the western suburbs of Beijing. Wan'an Cemetery.
Ma Zhanshan and his wife Du Zanyi have two children, a man and a daughter. The son is called Ma Kui. He was once a member of the Beijing Municipal Political Consultative Conference, and Ma Zhanshan’s grandson Ma Zhiwei is the current Standing Committee member of the CPPCC National Committee The vice chairman of the Qinghai Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference is full of talents.
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