In China, the Yellow River is not the longest river, the river with the widest drainage area, nor the river with the largest annual runoff. Although the length of the Yellow River is only more than 900 kilometers shorter than the Yangtze River, its water volume is only two times that of the Yangtze River. One-tenth, the basin area is less than 100 kilometers less than the Yangtze River.
However, this does not affect the Yellow River being affectionately called the Mother River. Our ancestors began to grow in the Yellow River basin from the beginning. I don’t know if you have noticed that in China’s 5,000-year history of civilization, for more than 3,000 years, the Yellow River Basin has occupied the cultural, economic, and political center of the country.
At this time, you may be wondering, but the soil erosion in the Loess Plateau at that time was not so serious, and the climate is better than it is now. Scientists have confirmed this from the exposed gully of the Loess Plateau. , The climate is different, the color and structure of the loess are different.
Moreover, when there are no agricultural production tools, the soil there is easier to cultivate, and the ancient dwelling form of cave dwellings was born under this background, and its history has exceeded 4000 years.
The Yellow River has not been cut off for 22 consecutive years:
Unlike the Yangtze River, which is mostly non-governmental, the natural cut-up of the Yellow River is recorded by hydrological observations. In ancient times, the Yellow River has not been cut off, or it has been cut off. How many times, we don’t know how many times, but only in the 25 years from 1972 to 1996, 19 years of the river dry-off occurred, and in 1997, the dry-off time was even more than 226 years. Today, this has also become the longest time Yellow River has been dry-up since records.
Of course, these have passed, because the Ministry of Water Resources information shows that since August 1999, the Yellow River has been continuously cut off for 22 years. Moreover, whether it is the six tributaries of the Yellow River or the main stream of the Yellow River,The ecological flow of the 15 sections has reached the standard, and the mother river of our Chinese nation is rushing!
What is the reason why the Yellow River is cut off?
In fact, the reasons for the dry-up of the Yellow River are not complicated, but governance of the Yellow River is not easy. For example, everyone knows that the Yellow River has a lot of sediment, but it is not a matter of overnight. When the Yellow River flows to North China Plain and the terrain is relatively flat, there is not so much kinetic energy. In addition, soil erosion is inherently serious, so a large amount of sediment is accumulated, and then the so-called "ground river" is formed.
You think, the river bed has become higher than both sides, then how can the tributaries of these places converge inside? This makes the Yellow River not only unable to get the tributary replenishment in this section, but also difficult to have underground water Layer to replenish water, but some of its own water will penetrate into the ground.
In addition, climate change is also one of the main reasons for the Yellow River to dry up. Although the Yellow River spans nine provinces, the main topography of the upper, middle and lower reaches is also quite different. The upper reaches are mostly mountainous, and the middle and lower reaches are mainly hills and plains. .
However, the overall precipitation in the Yellow River Basin is relatively low, especially in winter and spring. Most of the annual rainfall is mainly concentrated in July and August each year. You should know that in large rivers like the Yangtze River and the Yellow River, a large part of the water resources comes from natural precipitation, so the amount of precipitation will also have a huge impact on the water volume of the river.
What did Huangjiu provinces (autonomous regions) do?
Although the Yellow River also has a drainage area of 795,000 square kilometers, the entire Yellow River Basin will show obvious temperature differences due to seasonal changes, especially in the winter and summer seasons. The nine provinces and regions along the Yellow River are actually talking about: there is a 5,464 kilometers long Yellow River,From the place of origin to the mouth of the sea, it flows through 9 provinces (autonomous regions), including Shandong, Shanxi, Henan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Sichuan, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia and Ningxia.
It is undeniable that with the construction of many modern water conservancy projects, they have indeed played a certain role in the governance of the Yellow River, such as the more familiar Xiaolangdi Water Control Project in Henan Province. Its function is different from that of the Three Gorges Dam on the mainstream of the Yangtze River. Although they have a large gap in some indicators, Xiaolangdi Reservoir does not have the ability to improve the channel, but it has the function of reducing siltation. It also plays a key role in the governance and development of the company.
Of course, the treatment of the Yellow River will not be the contribution of a certain project or someone. Up to now, the amount of water added to the Yellow River Estuary wetland has actually exceeded 458 million cubic meters. Rice (since 2019), and the area of the marsh wetland at the mouth of the Yellow River has also increased by 1,627 hectares. All of this is inseparable from the joint efforts of the nine provinces (regions) along the Yellow River.
The Yellow River governance has been effective, and everyone can see it. This is why the Yellow River in many places seems to be cleared a lot, but if you simply think that the coverage of the Loess Plateau has been improved, That is still not comprehensive enough. Many people would not think that the source of the Yellow River and water conservation areas also need to be protected, because they are related to the problem of soil erosion. The loss of vegetation on the Loess Plateau will aggravate soil erosion. The headwaters and water conservation areas of the Yellow River will also be protected. Affected by the destruction of the ecology.
It is not a river with a lot of water like the Yangtze River that generates floods. In the past, the Yellow River flooded a lot.This is why the Yellow River has changed its course many times. Whether it is to reduce the amount of sediment in the Yellow River, reduce the Yellow River’s droughts and floods, or rectify the "four chaos" problems, it is actually inseparable from the contribution of the Huangjiu provinces (regions). You may wish to compare the loess 40 years ago with the current loess. The appearance of the plateau, let us not talk about the forest coverage rate, just look at which is greener. Things like planting trees, returning farmland to forests, and scientific water use are really not just shouting slogans.
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