唐绍仪
Tang Shaoyi was the first Prime Minister of the Republic of China. She was once prominent in the political arena of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. But at the age of 76, he was killed by an axe. The reason is worth a sigh.
Tang Shaoyi, whose name is Shaochuan, was born in 1862 in Xiangshan, Guangdong, and he is an authentic fellow with Sun Yat-sen. Tang Shaoyi's father was a comprador who operated tea in Shanghai. Her uncle Tang Tingshu once helped Li Hongzhang's foreign affairs, and later served as the general office of Shanghai Steamship Merchants Bureau and Kaiping Mining Bureau.
At the age of 12, Tang Shaoyi became the third batch of children from the Qing court to study in the United States, and spent 7 years studying and living in the United States (at that time enrolled in Columbia University). Later, because of the obstruction and criticism of domestic die-hards, These American students were all recalled before completing their studies. Tang Shaoyi was only 19 years old when she returned to China.
After returning to China, Tang Shaoyi was sent to North Korea to assist in taxation, and thus became the clerk of Yuan Shikai, the business representative in North Korea. It can also be said to be Yuan Shikai's earliest subordinate. Relying on this relationship, Tang Shaoyi also rose with Yuan Shikai’s promotion. He successively served as a member of the Tianjin Customs Customs, Minister of Foreign Affairs, Governor of Fengtian, and Secretary of the Ministry of Posts. It was not until Yuan Shikai was kicked down by the Regent King Zaifeng that Tang Shaoyi was spared. . After the Wuchang Uprising, Yuan Shikai came out again, Tang Shaoyi was summoned into the scene and was sent to the south to negotiate with the Revolutionary Party.
When Yuan Shikai became the interim president, Tang Shaoyi was nominated as the first cabinet prime minister and became the second person after Yuan Shikai.
Although Tang Shaoyi followed Yuan Shikai for nearly 30 years, she got along well with the revolutionary parties in the south during the Revolution of 1911, which aroused Yuan Shikai’s suspicion and suspicion. Yuan Shikai had hoped that his old friend Xu Shichang would be the prime minister, but Xu Shichang took the fame into consideration and was reluctant to assume the name of "second minister" and retired to Qingdao.
Yuan Shikai just stepped back and recommended Tang Shaoyi as Prime Minister. According to his original idea, he hoped that Tang Shaoyi would serve as his deputy to help with government affairs, but now that Tang Shaoyi and the Revolutionary Party have been close together, it would be suspicion of using the forces in the south to fight against him.
Tang Shaoyi and Sun Yat-sen took a group photo at the Presidential Palace.
Once, Premier Tang had a dispute with President Yuan because of something. Yuan Shikai became impatient when he heard it. He acted wildly and said: "Shaochuan, I am old now, you come to be the president, but Okay?”
Due to too many conflicts with Tang Shaoyi, Yuan Shikai later simply ignored him, the Prime Minister, and directly commanded Zhao Bingjun and Duan Qirui, the heads of various ministries.
Zhao, Duan and others had originally obeyed Yuan Shikai’s words, and now they are backed by Yuan Shikai, they bypass Tang Shaoyi in everything. Later, even the State Council did not attend.
As a result, Tang Shaoyi, the prime minister, felt sad. In his own words, "My cabinet is a backpack cabinet. If I serve as a prime minister for a day, I will be guilty for a day!"
By Therefore, Tang Shaoyi's first cabinet came to an end in less than three months, but what he did not expect was that after his resignation, he would never get a position matching his previous experience.
After Yuan Shikai's death, Duan Qirui formed a cabinet and originally planned to nominate Tang Shaoyi as the chief of foreign affairs. However, because the Beiyang soldiers believed that Tang had rebelled from the Beiyang family and joined the Revolutionary Party, he firmly opposed this, and Tang Shaoyi finally failed. Take office. Until 1919, when the North and the South were negotiating peace, Tang Shaoyi was appointed as the chief representative of the peace. However, in the late Qing Dynasty, he represented the north, and this time he represented the south.
After the beginning of the North-South peace talks, there was no progress in the negotiations due to the complex contradictions between the various factions. During the period, the "May Fourth Movement" that shocked China and foreign countries broke out, which added a lot of variables to the peace talks.
At the 8th formal meeting on May 13, Tang Shaoyi put forward eight conditions similar to an ultimatum without informing other southern representatives, which eventually led to the breakdown of the peace talks.
In the following years, Tang Shaoyi faded out of politics and became an ornament and spectator of the Republic of China. After Chiang Kai-shek came to power, Tang Shaoyi, as the veteran of the party-state, only held some idle positions, such as the Kuomintang Central Supervisory Committee and the National Government member., Jiang hired him as a senior consultant, and he did not arrive. On weekdays, Tang Shaoyi either traveled around the mountains or chanted poems behind closed doors, and seemed to have lived a life far from politics.
The members of the first cabinet of the Republic of China took a group photo, the first from the right is Cabinet Prime Minister Tang Shaoyi.
After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, Shanghai fell. The Japanese military authorities mobilized Tang Shaoyi’s idea, the so-called "Southern Tang and North Wu Plan". The main content was "Employ Tang Shaoyi and Wu Peifu and other first-rate figures" and "establish a peaceful regime." , To replace Chiang Kai-shek as the "negotiation" opponent.
When the KMT officials in Shanghai fled to Hong Kong, Tang Shaoyi was still lingering at this time. This quickly attracted the attention of military unification agents, especially the Japanese and the traitor Chen Zhongfu, After the activities of Wen Zongyao and others in wooing Tang Shaoyi were detected by Dai Li's secret agents, rumors that Tang Shaoyi might have assumed a false post were spread to a certain extent.
This made Chiang Kai-shek very displeased, and then sent someone to advise Tang. The spy chief Dai Li also asked Du Yuesheng to write to Tang Shaoyi from Hong Kong, persuading him to leave Shanghai and go to Hong Kong to avoid accidents.
With Tang Shaoyi’s many years of political experience, he should know that he is in a dangerous situation on an isolated island. Although he told people from all walks of life that he would not be a traitor and must go to Hong Kong, he also pretended to do some housework He didn't mean to leave immediately. Tang Shaoyi's ambiguous attitude not only caused speculation by all parties, but also caused a murderous disaster for herself.
Because Tang Shaoyi hadn’t noticed any movement for a long time, Dai Li thought that Tang Shaoyi might take up the post of the Japanese and Puppet Maintenance Council after synthesizing all kinds of intelligence, so he reported to Chiang Kai-shek and issued an assassination order to prevent a passive situation in the future.
Since Tang Shaoyi likes to collect antiques, the assassination team also used this as an entry point. Xie Zhipan pretended to be an antique broker. After gaining Tang’s trust, Xie and Tang agreed to bring an antique dealer to the door for a transaction. This is the opportunity for military spies to act.
On September 30, 1938, Xie Zhipan brought an antique dealer and two servants to the Tang House. The veteran military spy Zhao Lijun pretending to be a merchant, and the two servants were the military killers Wang Xingguo and Li Ada. They were carrying a large suitcase containing antiques, which contained a large vase made by the Southern Song Dynasty imperial palace and several antiques. In the large vase, a sharp small steel axe was prepared in advance.
Tang Shaoyi is very fascinated by antiques. He is very focused during the appraisal. He often has to withdraw from servants and close the door tightly to prevent outsiders from seeing. This is a good opportunity for spies to start.
After Xie Zhipan and the others arrived, he asked Tang Shaoyi to appraise antiques after some greetings, and Zhao Lijun pretended to smoke to find matches, but there was no match in the living room, so Tang Shaoyi asked the servants in the room to find them.
After the servant left, Zhao Lijun saw that the time had come, and he first asked Tang Shaoyi to identify the vase. While Tang looked down, Zhao Lijun winked at the "servant" beside him. The so-called "Picture of the poor dagger appeared, the bottle exposed the axe", saw a flash of cold light, and the army commander quickly drew the small axe from the bottle and followed it. Tang Shaoyi's head snapped away. Poor, Tang Shaoyi, the "three-dynasty veteran", had his brain splashed before he could grunt and died on the spot.
Seeing the completion of the operation, the military spy agents quickly evacuated. When exiting the door, Zhao Lijun and Xie Zhipan pretended to be polite: "Grandpa Tang doesn't need to send it, please stay. We will send it again when there is something good." After finishing talking, they gently closed the door for Tang Shaoyi. After that, he walked out of the Tang's house unhurriedly, got into the car, and ran away in a hurry.
Seeing that the situation was peaceful, the servants of the Tang family didn't care at first. When they found that Tang Shaoyi had fallen in a pool of blood, these people had run away early.
Tang Shaoyi, who was once famous in the political arena at the end of Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, lost or missed his evening festival, just like the mystery of his being killed, because of the entanglements of "the people have gone, the dead are big". Known.
It was not Tang Shaoyi who suffered this fate. Zhang Jingyao and Zhou Fengqi also had contacts with the Japanese and puppets and were "hoeed up" by the army.
