On October 10, 1945, the Kuomintang and the Communist Party signed the "Minutes of Talks between the Government and the Communist Party of China", which is the famous "Double Tenth Agreement". The next day, Chairman Mao returned to Yan'an.
However, this Double Ten Agreement did not actually solve the problems between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party. After Chairman Mao returned to Yan'an, neither Zhou Enlai nor Wang Ruofei left, but stayed in Chongqing to continue negotiations.
So, the negotiations have not yet ended, why did Chairman Mao leave Chongqing early?
First of all, because various issues are very complicated, the progress of this negotiation is not going smoothly. Representatives of the Kuomintang and the Communist Party have repeatedly negotiated countless times, but they still failed to reach an agreement on many issues, and it is impossible to reach it in the short term. Therefore, the central government decided to let Chairman Mao go back early.
Because the negotiation work is mainly under the responsibility of Zhou Enlai and Wang Ruofei, Chairman Mao’s trip to Chongqing is more of a symbolic meaning. Whether he is in Chongqing or not has little impact on the progress of the negotiation.
Moreover, in several conversations with Chiang Kai-shek, Chairman Mao had already seen that Chiang Kai-shek was not sincere in this negotiation, but just gave the outside world a cover. He could not agree with the conditions for peaceful establishment of the country proposed by the Communist Party of China. Therefore, Chairman Mao knew that it would not be of much significance to continue to stay here.
Secondly, Chairman Mao has been in Chongqing for 43 days, attended many events, met with hundreds of people from all walks of life, and was very tired, and in Chongqing, he was a little unacceptable, so Chairman Mao also wanted to return to Yan'an as soon as possible.
Later, this was indeed proved. After Chairman Mao returned to Yan'an, he fell ill a few days later, with dizziness, trembling limbs, and sweating all over his body as soon as he moved. Even the doctor could not diagnose what disease he had.
or Stalin sent two medical experts. After detailed examination, it was found that the reason why Chairman Mao was sick was that he was very nervous and overworked during his time in Chongqing, and was not adapting to the local environment, which led to endocrine disorders.
Third, and a very important reason, is that Zhou Enlai is considering Chairman Mao’s safety.
Chairman Mao went to to negotiate this time, which was called "the great courage" by the outside world. In fact, no one knows the dangers of Chairman Mao's trip better than Zhou Enlai!
During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Zhou Enlai worked in Chongqing for a long time and had contacts with Chiang Kai-shek and people from all walks of life in the Kuomintang. He was naturally very familiar with their style of doing things. He knew very well that although Chairman Mao would not be threatened openly during this trip, no one could guarantee that any accident would happen in secret.
Therefore, from the moment Chairman Mao came to Chongqing, Zhou Enlai has been worried about his safety issues.
Chairman Mao came to Chongqing this time, and the central government arranged three bodyguards for him, known as "one tiger and two dragons", namely Long Feihu, Chen Long and Yan Tailong. Zhou Enlai specially allowed Long Feihu and Chen Long, who were stronger and more familiar with Chongqing, to stay with Chairman Mao, to protect Chairman Mao's safety at all times, leaving only one Yan Tailong behind.
Moreover, Zhou Enlai had to make arrangements for all Chairman Mao’s activities in Chongqing. According to Zhou Enlai’s secretary’s recollection, "He has to walk the way Chairman Mao wants to walk first; he has to step on the bridge that Chairman Mao wants to cross first; he has to check the house that Chairman Mao wants to live inside and outside, and even the bed that Chairman Mao has to lie down first to ensure there is no problem."
It can be said that the reason why Chairman Mao did not have any accidents in Chongqing was that Zhou Enlai made great efforts and sacrifices!
Even so, Zhou Enlai was still a little worried. As long as Chairman Mao did not leave Chongqing for one day, he would not be able to let go of his heart for a day. Therefore, when the Kuomintang and the Communist Party signed the Double Ten Agreement, Zhou Enlai immediately arranged for Chairman Mao to return to Yan'an.
has the fourth reason, which is Hurley and Zhang Zhizhong.
Chairman Mao came to Chongqing this time and received the guarantee from the Americans. U.S. Ambassador to China Hurley also went to Yan'an in person and came to Chongqing on the same plane with Chairman Mao and others. Therefore, Hurley is also responsible for the security issues during Chairman Mao's stay in Chongqing.
However, Hurley's term as ambassador to China ended on September 22, 1945, and he needed to return to the United States. At this time, the Chongqing negotiations were not over yet, especially Chairman Mao was still in Chongqing. If Hurley left, it would be a big hidden danger to Chairman Mao's safety.
Therefore, when Zhou Enlai learned the news, his face turned pale. He immediately went to Hurley and asked him to stay in Chongqing for a few more days. He also said to him seriously: "You received Mao Zedong from Chongqing. You must ensure his safety during his stay in Chongqing. You cannot break the trust!"
In addition, there was another news that also made Zhou Enlai very anxious, which was Zhang Zhizhong.
When Chairman Mao came to Chongqing, Zhang Zhizhong was also one of the accompanying staff. As Chiang Kai-shek's direct favorite, he was also responsible for Chairman Mao's safety during his time in Chongqing. However, during the Chongqing negotiations, Chiang Kai-shek issued an appointment to allow Zhang Zhizhong to serve as chairman of Gansu Province. The message
made Zhou Enlai even more anxious.
Although Zhang Zhizhong is Chiang Kai-shek's man, he is very upright and has a close relationship with Zhou Enlai. Therefore, in Zhou Enlai's heart, he relies very much on Zhang Zhizhong. As long as he is here, Chairman Mao's safety will be more guaranteed.
However, Chiang Kai-shek wanted to transfer Zhang Zhizhong to Gansu. Even if he had no malice, Zhou Enlai's heart suddenly raised. He immediately found Zhang Zhizhong and clearly stated to him: "You must keep your promise. Mao Zedong was taken out of Yan'an. You must also send him back to Yan'an!"
Zhang Zhizhong is a smart person, so he naturally knew the reason and agreed.
Sure enough, on October 11, 1945, accompanied by Zhang Zhizhong, Chairman Mao took a plane back to Yan'an and ended his trip to Chongqing safely.
(Reference: "Chongqing Negotiations", "Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai", "Getting toward Zhou Enlai") #I'm creating the second issue of Toutiao#
