It is the postgraduate entrance examination season again.
2023 graduate exam registration is in full swing, and topics related to the postgraduate entrance examination are also continuing to heat up. Will the number of applicants for continue to rise? What changes will happen to the number of students enrolled? What kind of adjustments will be made to professional courses? How should we view the phenomenon of "reverse postgraduate entrance examination" hotly discussed on the Internet? Recently, these questions have always been on the hot search list on social media, touching the hearts of candidates. How do you view the new trend of the 2023 study and examination? reporter interviewed relevant experts.
01
2023 seminar recruitment plan has not yet been released
The possibility of "reducing the recruitment" is not high
"At present, Xi'an University of Technology graduate enrollment plan has not been issued, but according to the situation in the past three years, graduate enrollment has shown a steady upward trend, with an average growth rate of about 10%. The number of graduate enrollment students at Xi'an University of Technology is expected to continue to increase in 2023." Zhao Xiangmo, professor and doctoral supervisor of Xi'an University of Technology, said.
2023 national graduate enrollment plan has not been announced, but on some social media platforms, the so-called "informed people" are already speculating on "reducing postgraduate entrance examination recruitment", and even analyzed that the increase in the quota of " recommended students without students " has led to a decrease in the quota of unified candidates. So, what is the real situation?
Wang Chuanyi, deputy director and doctoral supervisor of Tsinghua University's Graduate Education Research Center and doctoral supervisor, said: "The quota for 'recommended students' is generally controlled by the state regulations at 50% of the total school's full-time enrollment plan for that year. Specifically for each subject and major, schools can make independent decisions based on the characteristics of the subject and the development plan of the college."
In fact, according to the number of applicants for the unified examination and the number of enrollment students per year, the quota for "recommended students" in many schools and majors is far less than 50%. For example, Xi'an University of Technology only has 10%.
Zhao Xiangmo introduced: "The school's 'recommended students' plan in 2023 has increased compared with 2022, but due to the simultaneous increase in enrollment plans, the current source of students mainly comes from previous candidates who participated in the unified examination."
reporter learned that according to the requirements of the Ministry of Education, some schools plan to enroll in 2023 graduate students in 2023 is planned to be 95% of the actual enrollment number of students last year, and the actual enrollment number is finally determined according to the enrollment plan of the Ministry of Education. Is this a trend of the so-called "reducing move"?
"According to my understanding, before the education authorities formally issued the enrollment plan, all universities planned enrollment plans in 2023 were implemented in accordance with this requirement, and they have been basically implemented in recent years. I think this is the result of a coordinated consideration of the steady growth of the national graduate student scale. According to previous years, when the enrollment plan is officially issued, the number of enrollment will generally be higher than the previous enrollment plan." Zhao Xiangmo said, "Every year, the postgraduate enrollment quota plan is issued to schools by the superior education department. The school comprehensively considers future development and discipline layout, and is tilted towards subjects (fields) focusing on major national strategies, basic disciplines, key areas and major social needs."
In recent years, graduate enrollment has been showing an expansion trend, and the number of applicants is the same. Data shows that the number of applicants will still increase in 2023. Overall, will it be possible to reduce the attack?
"From the current overall situation, I personally think that there is little possibility of a reduction in graduate enrollment in 2023." Zhao Xiangmo said, "According to public data from the Ministry of Education, since 2016, the number of applicants for the master's degree enrollment examination in my country has been on the rise, of which the number of applicants nationwide in 2022 was 4.57 million, an increase of 21% from 2021. There are many reasons for the continuous increase in the number of postgraduate entrance examinations. First, the number of undergraduate graduates in colleges and universities has increased year by year. In addition, due to the impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic in the past two years, the employment pressure has increased and the risk of studying abroad has increased. In order to pursue a higher level of knowledge, improve one's own quality and ability, and enhance employment advantages, more undergraduate graduates have joined the postgraduate entrance examination team."
Zhao Xiangmo said: "When the country formulates a graduate enrollment plan, it does not blindly and generally expands the enrollment scale, but rather expands the enrollment scale in a targeted and differentiated manner according to needs. In the past few years, the focus of graduate enrollment quotas has been tilted towards universities in the central and western regions. "
Wang Chuanyi also believes that: "The graduate enrollment quota plan is mainly determined based on the needs of economic and social development and the needs of society's education. According to relevant statistics from the "Annual Report on the Development of Degrees and Graduate Education in China 2020", the proportion of people aged 25 to 64 years old is 14.26%, the United States is 14.64%, South Korea is 4.45%, and China is only about 1%. Therefore, the enrollment scale may expand, but the growth rate is different in different types and levels. ”
Learning endless
Learning never stops
02
Exam content and reference book replacement is a normal phenomenon and has nothing to do with "difficulty". It has nothing to do with "difficulty".
The 2023 postgraduate admission brochures for many schools have been It has been announced that the content of some professional courses has changed, such as reference books. This has also attracted great attention. Does it mean that the exam will be more "hard"? Will it be "more difficult" on the premise that the number of applicants is extremely likely to increase?
Wang Chuanyi said: " Changes in the content of professional courses are independent adjustments made by the school based on talent selection requirements and the development and changes in subject theoretical knowledge. With the update of knowledge and the changes in talent selection requirements, it is normal for the replacement of examination content and reference books. "
In recent years, the Ministry of Education has required the promotion of questions based on first-level subjects. Taking Xi'an University of Technology as an example, according to this requirement, the number of self-designed subjects has been reduced from 54 to 33, and the "Guidelines for the 2023 Master's Admission Examination Subjects and Reference Books of Xi'an University of Technology" was promptly announced.
Schools have published reference books, which is actually to reduce the pressure of candidates to review and facilitate the majority of candidates to prepare for the exam.
" The increase in the number of postgraduate entrance examinations does not necessarily bring about the increase in the difficulty of postgraduate entrance examinations. 10 years ago, the number of postgraduate entrance examinations was small, but the number of postgraduate entrance examinations was also small; now the number of postgraduate entrance examinations has increased, but the number of postgraduate entrance examinations is also increasing. Therefore, we cannot deliberately amplify the growth of absolute numbers to "sell anxiety". "Wang Chuanyi said.
" What needs to be seen most is that what is more important than the scale of the postgraduate entrance examination is the subject structure of the candidates applying for. One phenomenon of postgraduate entrance examinations is that popular disciplines such as economic management are fiercely competitive, but high-end and short-term disciplines involving major national strategies are often cold, and unpopular and unique knowledge is difficult to pass on. How to guide the postgraduate entrance examination groups in a targeted manner and allow more candidates to integrate their personal studies into the national cause of national rejuvenation is an important issue that needs to be paid attention to. "Wang Chuanyi said.
For individual candidates, whether they can break through the siege does not depend on the number of applicants and scores, but on their ranking in the major and school they are applying for.
graduate scores are determined based on the ratio of enrollment quota and the number of interviews. For example, a college recruits 100 people, if the number of enrollment and number of people participating in the interview is 1 : 1.2, 120 people will enter the interview, and the score line will be arranged from high to low. The specific difference ratio for the interview is generally no less than 120%, which is determined by each school.
Zhao Xiangmo said: "The principle of demarcation of the score line is that the first thing the candidates must have to reach the national score line of the subject (field) that year, that is, the basic requirements for the preliminary test scores determined by the state, including the total score requirements for the subject and the single subject score requirements, which is what we call "double crossing". The national line for postgraduate entrance examinations is divided into two levels: A and B. The score lines of these two types of areas usually differ by about 2 to 10 points.On this basis, the school can self-scribble based on the number of people reaching the national line and the matching degree of the enrollment plan. The score of self-scribble is determined by the school's graduate enrollment leadership group in a collective study and study based on the situation of the year. "
"Reverse Postgraduate Entrance Examination" phenomenon
reflects the special advantages of professional subjects
further improves
"Reverse Postgraduate Entrance Examination" is also It is a recent hot topic, namely, undergraduate graduates of " Double First-Class " construction universities. The goal of the postgraduate entrance examination is no longer limited to "Double First-Class" construction universities, and ordinary colleges are also included in the selection range. Many people regard this as a signal of the "severe situation" of the postgraduate entrance examination.
"In fact, this situation has always been there in previous years. Some are due to the choice of majors and tutors, and some are because many schools are not as big as those circulated by the outside world, and this gap has indeed limited impact on individuals. Especially in terms of majors and subjects, each school has its own characteristics and advantages. We should give students more opportunities for independent judgment and choice, and we also hope that candidates will choose the right college based on their own abilities and interests. "Zhao Xiangmo said.
Wang Chuanyi believes that the postgraduate entrance examination is a comprehensive judgment of candidates based on their personal wishes and personal abilities. Although candidates have the consideration of "probability of success", it is more important to look at the advantages and characteristics of the subjects they apply for.
"First of all, the country has always encouraged the characteristic development of universities, especially the construction of "Double First-Class" universities to strive to be first-class in different fields and directions. Therefore, although candidates are in a certain way To a degree, the school's overall school history and academic reputation will be considered, but more importantly, it will look at the advantages and characteristics of the subjects applied for; secondly, there are many market-oriented university rankings or subject rankings, and their indicator system has major flaws, especially the simplified ranking based on the "five only" indicators such as papers or projects, which cannot reflect the overall picture of universities or subjects, and especially the quality of talent training and the support and contribution to the country and local governments. Therefore, the university rankings are used to layer the university, and as a reference for postgraduate entrance examinations, which is not in line with the national spirit, nor does it lack scientific nature. "Wang Chuanyi said.
Postgraduate entrance examination recruitment, reverse postgraduate entrance examination, increase in the number of applicants, change in reference books... There are always posts such as tutoring institutions, tutoring materials, Internet celebrity guidance experts, etc. The interests behind "traffic" remind us to be wary of "trafficking anxiety".
"I think that in order to attract attention, some media or postgraduate entrance examination institutions in society have over-amplified some facts and deliberately hidden some facts. There is indeed the phenomenon of "trafficking anxiety". We should look at the increase in the number of postgraduate entrance examinations objectively and rationally. "Wang Chuanyi said, "The increase in the number of postgraduate entrance examinations may be short-term fluctuations caused by the epidemic. Part of the increase comes from candidates who have not applied for or suspended their application to study abroad for postgraduate studies due to the epidemic, and the other part comes from candidates who have not been able to find employment due to factors such as the epidemic and have to delay employment. After the epidemic, the postgraduate study needs of these two groups may change significantly. ”
Zhao Xiangmo said: "The postgraduate entrance examination is a very important experience in life. How to face tension and anxiety correctly is also a compulsory course for every postgraduate entrance examination candidate. The postgraduate entrance examination is a protracted battle. From reviewing to finally entering the exam room, you will experience many difficulties. The postgraduate entrance examination cannot determine the life of the candidates, but there is an extra choice. Candidates should put down their burdens, move forward lightly, play to their own level, and get good grades. At the same time, candidates should combine the national development strategy and social needs, and reasonably choose universities and majors based on comprehensive evaluation of their own situation. At the same time, we must prepare review materials based on the reference books published in the 2023 Master's Enrollment Major Catalog of various enrollment universities, prepare for the exam in a targeted manner, and pay close attention to the enrollment and adjustment policies of various institutions. ”
Article source: People's Daily
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