2022年一级注册消防工程师技术实务考点建筑结构防火，消防师必考点
建筑结构的安全是整个建筑的生命线，也是建筑防火的基础。 The fire resistance level of a building is the basic basis for studying building fire prevention measures and stipulating that buildings for different purposes need to take corresponding fire prevention measures. In building fire protection design, correctly choosing and determining the fire resistance level of the building is a fundamental solution to prevent building fires and preventing the spread and expansion of fires.对于建筑物应选择哪一级耐火等级，应根据建筑物的使用性质和规模及其在使用中的火灾危险性来确定，如性质重要、规模较大、存放贵重物资，或大型公共建筑，或工作使用环境有较大火灾危险性的，应采用较高的耐火等级。
When the fire resistance limit and combustion performance of certain building components fail to meet the specification requirements, appropriate methods can be taken to solve it.常用的方法主要有：适当增加构件的截面积，对钢筋混凝土构件增加保护层厚度，在构件表面涂覆防火涂料做耐火保护层，对钢梁、钢屋架及木结构做耐火吊顶和防火保护层包敷等。
建筑材料防火
为了预防火灾的发生，或阻止、延缓火灾的发展，或最大限度地减轻火灾的危害，必须对可燃建筑材料的使用及其燃烧性能进行有效控制。 The main principles that should be followed in fire protection of building materials are: to control the amount of combustible materials in building materials. If combustible materials must be used due to conditions or special requirements for decoration, the materials should be flame retardant; materials that come into contact with electrical lines or heating objects should be non-combustible materials or flame retardant; non-combustible materials should be used in vertical passages such as stairwells, pipeline wells and walkways for evacuation of personnel.
