With the in-depth implementation of the Compulsory Education Law and the continuous increase of the state's investment in compulsory education, "dropout" has become a rare term. Even in some remote areas, every child can be guaranteed to go to school. However, in recent years, some students who are still in the compulsory education stage have appeared in some places. Although they have student status and degrees in school, they have been outside the classroom for a long time and are almost out of school. Due to the lack of education and supervision, these minors, who are called "hidden dropouts" because of their "hidden dropout", have experienced a decline in their academic performance and also created hidden dangers in personal safety and other aspects. How to help "hidden dropouts" get back on the right track in study and life has become a matter of concern to members of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and experts and scholars.
Prosecutor's concerns
"I am a prosecutor. During the process of handling the case, I discovered that some minors involved in the case have 'invisible dropouts'. I hope to solve this problem through the CPPCC..." In the CPPCC of Tong'an District, Xiamen City, Fujian Province At the "Chairman's Reception Day" held recently, District CPPCC member You Fengniang told Hong Guoping, Chairman of the District CPPCC, her concerns.
You Fengniang is a staff prosecutor in the Fifth Prosecution Department (Juvenile Prosecution Department) of Tongan District Procuratorate. Because of her work, she often comes into contact with juvenile cases. "At first, there were one or two cases, and I didn't pay much attention to them. But later, as the number of cases increased, I found that a higher proportion of cases involving minors' illegal crimes and violations involved 'hidden dropouts', and I therefore Start paying attention to these children." After research, You Fengniang found that these children aged 14 to 16 who should have received a good education in the classroom have been dissociated from the classroom for a long time, and are in a state of being absent from class, skipping classes, and being out of control.
You Fengniang said that at present, schools are mainly responsible for educating and rescuing "hidden dropouts", but the actual results are not ideal. Schools often try to persuade them to no avail, and they are worried that forcing them to stay in school will affect other children's classes. In addition, teachers do not have the energy to follow up for a long time. In this case, they often "let things go". As a result, some of them left school and went into society, becoming infected with negative social trends and even becoming targets of abuse. "In the cases I have handled, many 'hidden dropouts' expressed their regrets about entering society too early, coming into contact with bad people, and doing things that were inappropriate for their age. However, because their grades could not keep up and they were not taken seriously, These children find it difficult to adapt to the original learning environment and are unwilling to go back to school. "
On June 1 this year, the Supreme People's Procuratorate issued "Minors. "White Paper on Procuratorate Work (2021)" shows that from 2017 to 2021, the number of criminal suspects aged 14 to 16 years old accepted by the procuratorial organs for review and prosecution was 5,189 and 4,695 respectively. 5,445, 5,259, and 8,169 persons respectively accounted for 8.71%, 8.05%, 8.88%, 9.57%, and 11.04% of the total number of juvenile crimes accepted, reviewed, and prosecuted. From the perspective of the number of criminals, there will be an increase of 2,980 people in 2021 compared with 2017, an increase of 57.4%. The problem of "hidden childbirth" also often occurs in this age group, and it is urgent to pay attention to this phenomenon.
Unnecessary choices
Fourteen or five years old is the best time to bloom. Why should children who should study and live a carefree life on campus give up studying and leave school prematurely and enter the society?
"The influence of adverse social factors is an important aspect." You Fengniang said that in the Internet age, the speed and breadth of information acquisition are unprecedented, and films and television works that exaggerate violence, pornography, enjoyment, and gain for nothing, short videos and online live broadcasts, online games, and the loss of public figures A large number of minors are exposed to the phenomenon of delinquency and crime. However, minors are at an age where their thoughts are unstable, their ability to distinguish right from wrong is poor, they like to be unconventional, they have strong vanity, and they love comparison, and they are easily affected by this bad information. They spontaneously formed small groups, ignored moral self-discipline and legal constraints, and developed the idea that reading is useless. "Although minors are likely to be exposed to bad information, if 'hidden dropouts' enter society too early, the time and opportunities for exposure to bad information will be greatly increased, and coupled with the lack of correct guidance, they will easily embark on the path of illegal crimes."
Feng Wenmeng, an researcher at the Development Research Center of the State Council, has long been concerned about the education of minors.In his view, the family is the "first person responsible" for children, and family disharmony and lack of parental supervision are also important reasons for "invisible dropouts". Feng Wenmeng believes that the way a family educates its children often determines their behavior and value judgments. "Hidden dropouts" often come from incomplete families, migrant workers' families, and inter-generational care families. The parents of these children may not have the conditions to accompany their children due to work reasons, or may not be able to educate their children correctly due to their own reasons, which in turn leads to the child's There is no effective protection and supervision in family life, and emotional support and care are not met. "Some children cannot keep up with their studies and become tired of learning. If parents can pay attention to their children's status in time at this time, provide correct guidance, and re-cultivate their children's interest in learning, the children may not give up learning or pass the exam. Enter society early. Children's healthy growth requires parents' precepts and deeds, which is the responsibility of the family. "Feng Wenmeng said that some families may indeed lack such support capabilities, which requires the strength of schools and society.
"Why do children leave school and feel that reading is useless? It is simply because they feel uninterested and too boring, and also because they can't keep up and don't get the attention they deserve." Guan Hua, professor at Guangxi University School of Law, believes that, At present, education in our country pays too much attention to student performance. Except for a few schools in some big cities, it is difficult to teach students in accordance with their learning abilities. This easily results in some students with poor performance not being recognized as worthy in school and eventually being marginalized. change. In addition, these children may not receive strong support from their families because their parents are not around, and they are likely to be pushed into society and go astray. "The weaker the educational resources, the more prominent this situation is. To solve this problem, joint efforts from all parties are needed," Guan Hua said.
Comprehensive help and education
In the face of "hidden dropouts", CPPCC members, experts and scholars believe that this problem cannot be completely solved by family, school and society alone, but requires comprehensive policies to give full play to The role of the social support system for minors and the establishment of a multi-level, all-round joint assistance and education mechanism can reduce and contain its occurrence.
"First of all, we must find out the base number of 'hidden dropouts', determine the list, and learn in detail about each person's family situation, bad behavior, length of dropout, major problems in home-school contact, etc." You Fengniang suggested that the list of people should be Included in the key supervision list of schools, education bureaus, unprotected committees, women's federations, youth league committees, civil affairs, public security and legal departments, social work organizations, and village neighborhood committees. If any unit finds any abnormalities in the above-mentioned personnel, it should promptly notify relevant units to pay close attention.
In this regard, Guan Hua also mentioned that "assistance students" should be set up by prosecutors, police, community grid members, volunteers, etc. Once minors are found wandering outside or interacting with society during the school hours, If bad people interact, they should contact the school, family and relevant departments as soon as possible, and at the same time persuade and stop them to prevent adverse consequences. "Especially since the Family Education Promotion Law came into effect on January 1 this year, it has clarified that parents need to fulfill their family education responsibilities. Units that have close contact with minors find that parents or other guardians of children refuse or neglect to fulfill their family education responsibilities. They should be criticized, educated, admonished and stopped, and urged to accept family education guidance when necessary. Guan Hua believes that after the implementation of the " double reduction " policy, it will be alleviated to a certain extent for students, families and schools. Its burden and pressure. Therefore, all parties should spend more time and energy paying attention to the child's spiritual world, rather than blindly asking only for the child's academic performance. If a problem is discovered, intervention must be carried out as soon as possible and efforts must be made to nip the hidden danger in the bud.
For those children who already have problems, You Fengniang suggested establishing a joint assistance and education mechanism to implement comprehensive policies and teach students individually. The education department can guide students’ parents to pay attention to students’ learning through home-school contact. Judicial organs can carry out admonishment work and rule of law education through rule of law courses and case-based explanations.In addition, we can also fully integrate and utilize the resources of family education guidance, psychological counseling, social workers, loving mothers, judicial assistance and teaching, social assistance, school management and other aspects of member units, and customize individual assistance and education plans according to individual circumstances, so that "hidden dropouts can survive" "Get all-round help at all levels to form a joint force for protection.
You Fengniang said that her Tongan District Procuratorate has also made useful attempts in this regard in recent years. In 2018, the District Procuratorate established the "Tong Xin Wei Ai" minors procuratorial work team. Through the development of the "Tong Xin Wei Ai" assistance and education platform, it educates, changes and rescues minors involved in the case, innovates online assistance and extends offline assistance and education. Carry out psychological counseling and mental health assessment work for minor criminal suspects and minor victims who need correction. "In April this year, we also joined forces with multiple departments to establish the 'Tong Xin Wei Love' Family Education Guidance Center. Currently, there are 39 certified family education instructors conducting one-to-one family guidance and family education related courses."
"We need to build a 'parenting-friendly' society in an all-round way, improve the 'home-school co-construction' mechanism, and form an environment that is more conducive to the growth of young people. Environment." Feng Wenmeng suggested that policies should be used to guide and encourage teachers who not only look at children's grades, but are also willing to spend more time paying attention to children's psychology and thoughts; in addition to paying attention to the school environment, relevant departments should also be encouraged to increase attention to the surrounding campus. Strengthen the rectification of the public security environment; establish higher-quality vocational education, improve social recognition of vocational education, and allow some children with stronger hands-on skills to find their own value. “Only by paying attention to shaping the social environment can we fundamentally solve the problem of ‘hidden dropouts’.” Feng Wenmeng said.
Source: "People's Political Consultative Conference" (page 05, September 5, 2022)
Reporter: Xi Dongqi Zhaoning
Page Editor: Xi Dongqi
New Media Editor: Xue Jing
