Autumn and winter are coming, and as the weather turns cooler, it is the season for children with high incidence of respiratory diseases. When a child has symptoms such as low-grade fever, malaise, intractable cough, etc., does it necessarily mean catching a cold? In fact, these symptoms may also be signs of pneumonia. If children’s pneumonia is treated as a common cold, it may delay the child’s illness.
Professor Yin Yong, director of the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai Children’s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, recently pointed out on Pfizer’s "Disease Education Day":
fever and cough are relatively common symptoms of respiratory infections in children, but symptoms and diseases are actually strictly distinguished. , Symptoms do not represent the disease itself. Parents should actively master the knowledge of respiratory disease prevention and care for the healthy growth of their babies.
Children with respiratory diseases should see a doctor in time
"Community-acquired pneumonia, pharyngeal tonsillitis, sinusitis, otitis media and other respiratory infections are all respiratory infections in children." Professor Yin Yong introduced: "Many parents in clinical practice will treat some common pneumonia as common pneumonia. Cold, which delays the treatment of the child’s condition. The so-called cold is actually called acute nasopharyngitis in medical terms. As the name suggests, it is in the nose and pharynx. The local may have nasal congestion, runny nose, sneezing, and sore throat. Some children There will also be systemic symptoms, such as fever, headache, muscle aches, coughing, etc. Once the lungs are involved, some of the symptoms that develop after the development of pneumonia are often more serious, such as high fever, frequent coughing, and even shortness of breath or breathing Difficulties."
How should parents treat children with symptoms of respiratory disease? Professor Yin Yong said, "If the child has fever and cough, accompanied by a bad mental state and no relief within three days, parents should take the child. Seek medical attention in time.”
If the child has a fever, parents should not give the child drugs
. At present, many parents still have many misunderstandings in the medication. "Fever may be caused by a virus, bacteria or mycoplasma infection, but parents should not give children medicine without consulting a doctor." Professor Yin Yong said,
among many respiratory diseases, mycoplasma pneumonia is something that parents and doctors should specialize in. A respiratory disease to watch out for. As a common pathogen of pediatric respiratory diseases,
is neither a bacteria nor a virus. It is one of the smallest microorganisms that does not rely on living cells to survive in the human body. For pneumonia caused by mycoplasma, small patients may have symptoms such as fever and cough, but doctors cannot hear the rales when listening to the lungs with a stethoscope, so sometimes it is easy to miss or misdiagnose. In terms of treatment, the treatment of pathogens is the target anti-infective treatment. Domestic and foreign guidelines recommend the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin that covers mycoplasma for symptomatic treatment. Because Mycoplasma has no cell wall, cephalosporin treatment is ineffective. Parents should avoid "emergency medication".
"For children, children have the characteristics of children. Children's medicine should be used as much as possible in children's dosage forms and children's doses, and used under the guidance of doctors." Professor Yin Yong said, "Children under eight years old will cause tooth enamel development. Therefore, it is not recommended to use tetracycline drugs; quinolone drugs will affect the cartilage development of children and adolescents, and children and adolescents under the age of 18 are not allowed to use them."
In the past, because of the limited research and development of children's medicines, many parents split the adult medicines and gave them to their children at an estimated dose. Is this right? Professor Yin Yong said, “When taking medicine for children, we must first determine what disease it is and whether medicine is needed; secondly, if medicine is needed, it should be given a reasonable dosage form and dosage as well as a reasonable way of taking. Because of the body of children and adults There is a big difference. It usually takes a few hours for individual drugs to be excreted from the body of an adult, and several days for a child. Therefore, don’t think of a child as a small-scaled adult. The child has the characteristics of a child. Children’s dosage forms and children’s doses should be used under the professional guidance of a doctor.
Children who need antibiotic treatment require "foot treatment"
Professor Yin Yong pointed out that the use of antibiotics requires certain skills, and there is currently abuse of antibiotics and antibiotic treatment courses. The problem of inadequacy requires vigilance. On the one hand, if the child has a viral infection, antibiotics are not needed. On the other hand, children who really need a full course of antibiotics, if not used in place, will also cause a series of Question.
" such as purulent tonsilsBody inflammation. Generally, antibiotic treatment takes seven to ten days. Different children will have some differences in the specific course of treatment due to differences in treatment measures and individual resistance. Another example is mycoplasma pneumonia. The general clinical treatment requires two to three courses of azithromycin treatment.” Professor Yin Yong said, “On the one hand, stopping the drug too early will cause body temperature to rebound, and on the other hand, it may leave lesions that are difficult to clear. It also takes longer time to treat, so the treatment of infectious diseases generally requires a precise attack in one step. "Z1z
The Children’s Rational Use of Drugs National Lecture Project of the Z1z You Miao Program Launched Z8z The "You Miao Program—Children’s Rational Use of Drugs National Lecture Project" initiated by the National Health and Health Commission and supported by Pfizer China was officially announced at the CIIE today Start! This project will focus on the cognition and ability of pediatric clinical rational drug use in order to promote the improvement of the level of pediatric clinical rational drug use. "Compared with adults, children’s physical conditions are more special, which makes when dealing with childhood diseases, Before paying attention to the efficacy, we must first focus on the safety of the drug. Liu Xiaolin, deputy director of the Office of the Expert Committee on Rational Use of Medicines of the National Health Commission and deputy secretary-general of the Chinese Pharmacists Association, said, “At present, there is a problem of unbalanced and insufficient development of my country’s children’s medical service resources and service capabilities among various regions. It is even more necessary to actively explore solutions to narrow the gap in pediatric clinical service capabilities and quality of primary medical institutions. The issue of rational drug use has become one of the core issues in the construction of my country's children's diagnosis and treatment system. The Youmiao Project will focus on the awareness and ability of pediatric clinical rational use of drugs, and promote the improvement of pediatric clinical rational use of drugs. "Z1z In this plan, in the next three years, the organizer will work closely with pediatric medical consortia (Pediatric Union) across the country to organize tour lectures in most provinces and more second- and third-tier cities. Combining, layer-by-layer coverage, and various forms of high-quality training, strive to further enhance the cognition and ability of pediatric clinicians and pharmacists in the rational use of drugs.
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