0 In the "Voice of Mothers and Infants" on July 15, we interpreted 10 documents, focusing on: milk protein, ultra-processed food, inflammatory index, low-protein formula, impaired sugar metabolism, intestinal flora , inflammatory Enteritis, antibiotics, persistent organic pollutants, hypertension in pregnancy.
Supplementing milk protein during pregnancy to promote bone health
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition - [8.472]
① 428 pregnant women were included and randomly divided into a control group (routine care) and an intervention group (nutrition + exercise intervention, providing a high-milk protein diet and walking Plan); ② Pregnant women in the intervention group had higher intakes of total protein, dairy protein, calcium and other nutrients than the control group, while in the second and third trimesters, the intake of and vitamin D in the two groups was similar; ③ Pregnant women’s serum CTX during delivery The content of CTX peptide (reflecting bone resorption) and in cord blood decreased, while until 6 months postpartum, the concentration of P1NP peptide (reflecting bone formation) in the serum of women in the intervention group increased; ④ Intervention measures can reduce bone resorption , Promotes and maintains bone formation and protects bone health during pregnancy.
[Editor’s comment]
This study found through clinical randomized controlled trials that compared with routine care, mothers’ intake of more protein and calcium, coupled with normal vitamin D status, can reduce bone resorption and maintain bone formation. , and may protect bone health during pregnancy. This study provides scientific data for nutritional management during pregnancy. (@Epi王)
【Original information】
Individualized high dairy protein + walking program supports bone health in pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial
2022-06-27, doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqac182
Taking ultra-processed foods during pregnancy may be harmful to fetal growth
Clinical Nutrition——[7.643]
① Included 701 pregnant women in the Rotterdam perinatal cohort, 255 of whom were pregnant after assisted reproductive treatment. Ultrasound technology was used to detect fetal crown-rump length and embryo volume at 7, 9, and 11 weeks of pregnancy. ; ② A survey on dietary patterns of pregnant women found that energy supplementation from ultra-processed foods accounts for 16%-88%; ③ The increase in intake of ultra-processed foods is related to the slower growth trajectory of fetal crown-rump length and embryo volume; ④ In additional After adjusting the intake of trace elements in the diet (including vitamins B1, , B2, B6, etc.), the above association has no statistical significance; ⑤ Healthy eating habits during pregnancy may be beneficial to embryonic growth and development.
[Editor's comment]
Ultra-processed foods are foods that are reprocessed on the basis of already processed foods. These foods are usually high-sugar, high-fat, and high-calorie foods. Although many previous studies have proven the health hazards of ultra-processed foods, the impact of consuming ultra-processed foods during pregnancy on fetal growth and development has not been determined. This study found that ultra-processed food intake during pregnancy is associated with reduced fetal growth and development. (@Epi王)
[Original information]
A high periconceptional maternal ultra-processed food consumption impairs embryonic growth: The Rotterdam periconceptional cohort
2022-06-09, doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.06.006
Dietary conditions in late pregnancy may affect offspring Bone Development
Journal of Bone and Mineral Research——[6.39]
① Incorporating data from the Southampton Women's Study and the Avon Longitudinal Cohort Study of Parents and Children , investigating the Dietary Inflammation Index (E-DII) in women in late pregnancy, and Various indicators of bone development in offspring were followed up at an average age of 9.2 years; ② After adjusting for other confounding factors, the increase in E-DII in late pregnancy was negatively correlated with multiple indicators such as bone mineral content and bone mineral density in offspring; ③ Adjustment for children's height or weight weakens the above-mentioned association to a certain extent; ④ A higher dietary inflammatory index in late pregnancy may be an unfavorable factor for the skeletal development of offspring, and further research should be conducted.
[Editor's comment]
This study combined two authoritative birth cohort data and found that the inflammatory index in the mother's dietary structure in late pregnancy may be related to the skeletal development of the offspring at the age of 9. This study provides scientific basis for dietary management during pregnancy.(@Epi王)
【Original information】
Associations between late pregnancy Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII) and offspring bone mass: a meta-analysis of the Southampton Women's Survey (SWS) and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)
2022 -06-10, doi: 10.1002/jbmr.4623
Is low-protein formula milk powder beneficial or harmful? (Review)
Nutrients——[6.706]
① Although the research and development of formula milk powder has been committed to aligning with the composition of breast milk, there are still differences in the growth pattern and body composition development of formula-fed infants compared with breast-fed infants, which may be due to the formula Reasons for the increased risk of obesity in breast-fed infants; ② Existing evidence shows that reducing the protein content in existing formula milk (1.43g/100 kcal) to bring it close to breast milk levels can reduce children’s weight gain while still meeting children’s developmental needs ; ③ However, the safety of this low-protein formula milk powder needs further verification, especially the blood parameters of children need to be further considered.
[Editor's comment]
The feeding method of infants affects their health and plays a vital role in the early growth and development of infants. Although we strongly advocate breastfeeding, formula feeding cannot be avoided under objective conditions. The protein content in current formula milk is higher than that in breast milk. Is this the reason for the increase in childhood obesity? This review summarizes the evidence from current clinical studies on this topic and is worthy of reading by experts in the field. (@Epi王)
[Original information]
Low-Protein Infant Formula and Obesity Risk
2022-06-30, doi: 10.3390/nu14132728
Long-term follow-up cohort + changes in intestinal flora support new formula milk powder research
Clinical Nutrition——[7.643]
① 170 full-term infants were included and divided into breastfeeding group, standard formula milk powder group and new formula milk powder intervention group (added synbiotics , long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids and milk fat globule membrane), and the intestinal flora was collected Samples were taken and the neurodevelopment of children from 12 months to 4 years old was followed up; ② A total of 4 groups of infant intestinal bacterial types were identified, and these enterotypes were closely related to age; ③ The intestinal types of infants in the intervention group changed rapidly (compared with the standard formula (similar to the milk powder group), and the slow group (similar to the breastfeeding group); ④ At 12 months of age, the language and expression scores of the infants in the intervention group + rapid intestinal type changes were higher than those in the breastfeeding group.
[Editor’s comment]
This study is a randomized controlled trial study on the efficacy of new formula milk powder. Through long-term follow-up of the neurological development of infants under 4 years old and research on intestinal flora typing, the results basically support the belief that adding Formulas containing synbiotics, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, and milk fat globule membranes have bifidogenic and lactogenic effects and induce maturation of the gut microbiota in infants born vaginally. And the language development is similar to that of exclusively breastfed babies. Therefore, infant nutritional intervention may be of great significance. (@Epi王)
[Original information]
A synbiotics, long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, and milk fat globule membranes supplemented formula modulates microbiota maturation and neurodevelopment
2022-05-23, doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.05.013
Pregnancy fat Liver index may be used for early assessment of impaired glucose metabolism
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice——[8.18]
① 109 pregnant women were included, and two types of fatty liver disease (MAFLD) index were measured and evaluated at 16 weeks of pregnancy: fatty liver index, Hepatic steatosis index, and is divided into low-risk, intermediate-risk and high-risk according to this. Pregnant women use oral glucose tolerance test to evaluate insulin function and β cell function at 26 weeks; ② MAFLD index and insulin sensitivity are impaired , there is an association with increased compensatory insulin release; ③ High-risk women are at increased risk of impaired insulin action; ④ In women with higher MAFLD index, higher circulating insulin concentrations cannot compensate for insulin resistance , leading to gestational diabetes Increased risk; ⑤ Increased MAFLD is associated with fetal overgrowth.
[Editor’s comment]
Fatty liver disease in pregnant women is a high-risk obstetric disease. This study found that hepatic steatosis index is associated with impaired glucose metabolism and may be used as an early risk assessment indicator of impaired glucose metabolism. (@Epi王)
【Original information】
Fatty Liver Indices and their Association with Glucose Metabolism in Pregnancy - an observational cohort study
2022-06-09, doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2022.109942
Pre-pregnancy paternal inflammatory bowel disease medication and offspring children Health unrelated
Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics——[9.524]
① Children whose fathers suffered from inflammatory bowel disease were included in the Danish birth cohort. The fathers of children in the exposed group took 5-aminosalicylate (5-aminosalicylate) 3 months before pregnancy. ASAs), thiopurines, corticosteroids , or anti-tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and other drugs; ② Compared with children without a history of drug exposure, children exposed to 5-ASAs developed infectious diseases in the first year of life The risk of disease was slightly reduced (HR=0.78); ③ Exposure to thiopurines, corticosteroids, and anti-TNF-α drugs was not statistically associated with changes in the risk of infectious diseases in the first year after birth; ④ In addition, exposure to these drugs There is also no statistical association with the risk of infectious diseases in children aged 1-3 years.
[Editor’s comment]
Previous studies have paid more attention to the relationship between the mother’s pre-pregnancy and peri-conception medication history and the health of offspring. However, the evidence on the relationship between father’s pre-pregnancy medication and offspring health is relatively insufficient. Using birth cohort data, this study found that fathers with inflammatory bowel disease who took medications within the first 3 months of pregnancy did not increase the risk of infectious diseases in their offspring. Therefore, this study is of great significance to further guide couples preparing for pregnancy to use medication safely. (@Epi王)
【Original information】
Paternal use of medications for inflammatory bowel disease and the risk of hospital-diagnosed infections in the offspring: A nationwide cohort study
2022-06-30, doi: 10.1111/apt.17113
Prenatal antibiotic exposure Or increase the risk of allergic diseases in children ( meta-analysis )
Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology——[14.71]
① Search related studies on screening, and finally included evidence from 27 studies for meta-analysis; ② Use during pregnancy Antibiotics are associated with an increased risk of wheezing (RR=1.51) and asthma (RR=1.28) in childhood; ③ In addition, prenatal antibiotic exposure also increases the risk of children developing eczema / dermatitis and allergic rhinitis ; ④ One study suggests that prenatal antibiotic exposure will increase the risk of food allergy in children; ⑤ However, the heterogeneity between the above-mentioned studies is large and the strength of the evidence is low. It is necessary to conduct more high-quality studies to better guide pregnancy. Antibiotic use.
[Editor's comment]
The damage to children's health caused by mothers' use of antibiotics during pregnancy has always attracted much attention. This study reviewed literature evidence and found that prenatal antibiotic exposure may increase the risk of allergic diseases in children, but it is unclear whether this is caused by changes in intestinal flora. This meta-analysis provides ideas for further strictly implementing the management of antibiotic use during pregnancy. (@Epi王)
【Original information】
Prenatal antibiotic exposure, asthma and the atopic march: A systematic review and meta-analysis
2022-06-11, doi: 10.1111/all.15404
Exposure to persistent organic pollutants during pregnancy may affect the reproduction of offspring Health
Environmental Research——[8.431]
① Involved 362 children in the birth cohort, collected their mothers’ early pregnancy serum, detected the concentration of multiple persistent organic pollutants (POPs), and followed up the anogenital distance of the children when they were 8 years old; ② In In boys, b-hexachlorocyclohexane, polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) 138, PCB153 and PCB180 were negatively correlated with the anogenital distance parameters; ③ In girls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) 47 and PBDE154 were negatively correlated with Anogenital distance was positively correlated; ④ Bayesian kernel regression model further confirmed the above association; ⑤ Quantile regression model confirmed that PCB138, PCB153 and PCB180 are the chemicals that have the greatest impact on male anogenital distance.
[Editor's comment]
This study used birth cohort data and advanced mathematical algorithms to explore the association between exposure to persistent organic pollutants during pregnancy and anogenital distance in offspring. Anogenital distance can reflect the development status of individual genitals and is related to reproductive ability. Therefore, this study indirectly proves the reproductive toxicity of POP exposure during pregnancy. (@Epi王)
【Original information】
Serum concentrations of persistent organic pollutants mixture during pregnancy and anogenital distance in 8-year-old children from the INMA-Asturias cohort
2022-06-09, doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113607
Chinese team: Mendelian randomization tool helps inferring the cause and effect of hypertension in pregnancy
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine——[5.846]
① Comprehensive genome data of nearly 200,000 people in the GIANT and FinnGen databases, and screened out 14 obesity-related singletons Nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is used as an instrumental variable to explore its association with pregnancy-induced hypertension; ② The 14 SNPs include sites from TFAP2B, POC5, TRIM66, MAP2K5, FTO and other genes; ③ Three types Mendelian randomization models all show that obesity increases the risk of hypertensive disease during pregnancy (OR=1.39~1.95), and there is a causal relationship between the two; ④ Paying attention to and preventing obesity in women may be able to reduce the risk of hypertensive disease during pregnancy to a certain extent. Hypertensive disease risk.
[Editor’s comment]
The causes of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy are complex, and it is difficult to confirm causal relationships in population studies. This study uses Mendelian randomization tools and SNP information to explore the association between female obesity and the risk of hypertensive disease during pregnancy. It is a relatively novel clinical epidemiological study. (@Epi王)
【Original information】
Genetically Predicted Obesity Causally Increased the Risk of Hypertension Disorders in Pregnancy
2022-05-25, doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.888982
Thanks to the creator of this daily report: Yin Xiaotian, Epiwang
Click to read the daily reports of the past 5 days:
07-03 | Vaginal flora: a new key to unlocking the problem of intrauterine adhesions
06-10 | JAMA: Is the threat of new coronavirus mutations to children’s health weakening?
