TypeScript and JavaScript are currently two popular scripting languages in project development. We are already familiar with TypeScript as a superset of JavaScript, but what is the difference between TypeScript and JavaScript What kind of difference? When choosing a development language, how should one choose?
This article will compare the two languages in depth, discuss the correlations and differences between the two languages, and outline the advantages of the two languages.
A brief introduction to JavaScript and TypeScript
JavaScript
JavaScript is a lightweight explanatory scripting language that can be embedded in HTML pages on the browser side Execution can realize rich interactive functions on the browser side and bring users a smooth and diverse user experience.
JavaScript is based on object and event-driven, no specific language environment is required, and it can be run on only supported browsers.
JavaScript language has the following characteristics:
JavaScript is a scripting language, no need to compile, as long as it is embedded in the HTML code, it can be loaded and interpreted line by line by the browser.
JavaScript is an object-based language that can create objects while using existing objects. But Javascript does not support the inheritance and overloading functions of other object-oriented languages.
JavaScript has a simple syntax, and the variables used are weakly typed.
JavaScript language is relatively safe, it is only executed on the browser side and will not access local hard disk data.
JavaScript language is dynamic. JavaScript is event-driven and only responds to the user's actions.
JavaScript only depends on the browser and has nothing to do with the operating system. Therefore JavaScript is a cross-platform language.
JavaScript has good compatibility and can be used with other technologies (such as XML, REST API, etc.).
TypeScript
TypeScript is an object-oriented programming language developed and maintained by Microsoft. It is a superset of JavaScript, contains all the elements of JavaScript, can load JavaScript code to run, and extends the syntax of JavaScript.
TypeScript has the following characteristics:
TypeScript is an open source language launched by Microsoft, using the Apache license agreement
TypeScript adds static types, classes, modules, interfaces and type annotations
TypeScript can be used Develop large-scale applications
TypeScript is easy to learn and understand
The main difference between JavaScript and TypeScript
TypeScript can use all the codes and coding concepts in JavaScript. TypeScript is to make the development of JavaScript change. It’s easier to create. For example, TypeScript uses concepts such as types and interfaces to describe the data being used, which enables developers to quickly checkDetect errors and debug applications
TypeScript extends the JavaScript object model from the core language aspect and the molding aspect of the class concept.
JavaScript code can work with TypeScript without any modification, and a compiler can be used to convert TypeScript code into JavaScript.
TypeScript provides static type checking at compile time through type annotations.
The data in TypeScript requires a clear type, which is not required by JavaScript.
TypeScript provides default parameter values for the function.
TypeScript introduces the concept of "class" that is not in JavaScript.
TypeScript introduces the concept of modules, which can encapsulate declarations, data, functions and classes in modules.
Advantages of TypeScript
Here are the significant advantages of TypeScript over JavaScript:
1. Static input
Static typing is a function, Errors can be detected when developers write scripts. Finding and fixing errors is an urgent need for development teams today. With this feature, it will allow developers to write more robust code and maintain it in order to make the code better and clearer.
2. Large-scale development projects
Sometimes in order to improve the development project, small incremental changes to the code base are required. These small changes may have serious, unexpected consequences, so it is necessary to undo these changes. Using TypeScript tools to refactor is easier and faster.
3. Better collaboration
When a large project is launched, there will be many developers, and the number of garbled and error machines will increase. Type safety is a feature that detects errors during coding, not when compiling the project. This creates a more efficient coding and debugging process for the development team.
4. Stronger productivity
Clean ECMAScript 6 code, auto-completion and dynamic input and other factors help improve the efficiency of developers. These features also help the compiler to create optimized code.
Advantages of JavaScript
Compared to TypeScript, JavaScript also has some obvious advantages.
1. Popularity
JavaScript's developer community is still huge and active. You can easily find a large number of mature development projects and available resources in the community.
2. Learning curve
Because the JavaScript language has developed earlier and is relatively mature, there are still a large number of developers who insist on using their familiar scripting language JavaScript instead of learning TypeScript.
3. The native browser supports
TypeScript code needs to be compiled (output JavaScript code), which is an extra step when TypeScript code is executed.
4. No comments are required
In order to take full advantage of TypeScript features, developers need to continuously comment their code, which may makeProject efficiency is reduced.
5. Flexibility
Some developers prefer the flexibility of JavaScript.
How to choose
TypeScript is becoming a powerful tool for developing large coding projects. Because the structure of its object-oriented programming language keeps the code clean, consistent and easy to debug. Therefore, when dealing with large-scale development projects, it is more appropriate to use TypeScript. If you have a relatively small coding project, it seems unnecessary to use TypeScript, just use flexible JavaScript.
