Black Sea is an important part of the Atlantic Ocean with an area of 420,325 square kilometers. It is represented by more than three thousand species of animals and plants. A striking feature is that the above varieties are only found at depths not exceeding 150 meters.
Like other modern bodies of water, this sea is negatively affected by human factors. Every year, hundreds of tons of harmful substances are discharged into the pond. These pollutants can be safely attributed to all organic and mineral fertilizers for soil fertilization and achieve better harvests. They fall into the sea and accumulate in the water, triggering the active reproduction of phytoplankton . During the transition period, these organisms consume oxygen in water, causing some problems. The Black Sea is covered with a layer of dead algae , which is increasing every year. Under the influence of this factor, hypoxia was observed in the region.
The environmental problems of the Black Sea are also caused by the following negative factors:
1. The rivers flowing into it are polluted, rainwater and sewage. This will not only reduce the transparency of the water and the blooming of the ocean, but will also destroy the multicellular algae.
2. Oil contaminates water bodies. Similar environmental problems in the Black Sea have also been found in the waters where most ports and large numbers of tankers are located. As a result, representatives of many animals and plants die, their normal important activities are disturbed, and the atmosphere worsens due to the evaporation of petroleum and its derivatives.
3. Pollution of water by human waste. Such environmental problems in the Black Sea are the result of untreated and improperly treated wastewater discharges. The main load falls on the main spawning grounds of fish and the part where various animals and birds are reproduced. Another important factor is the active development of the coastline. As a result, the lower surface of the Black Sea continental shelf is contaminated with cement dust and chemical residues used in the building.
4. A negative factor is widespread fishing, which requires the inevitable global reorganization of marine ecosystems.
