In ancient times, due to the lack of human technology, the ancients always believed that the earth was the only world, and believed that the moon and the sun were rotating around the earth. Later, with the development of human technology, human beings finally walked out of the earth. When human beings walked out of the earth and saw the universe, human beings' curiosity was attracted by the vastness of the universe. Human beings wanted to know how big the universe is? In addition to life on Earth, is there any alien life in the universe? With these questions in mind, humans embarked on the road to exploring the universe. According to scientists' research, we can know that in the solar system, the largest celestial body is the sun. The mass of the sun accounts for 99.86% of the total mass of the sun, and the remaining eight planets, and other matter account for 0.14% of the total mass of the solar system. From the proportion, we can see that the mass of the sun is very large.
Because the sun is very large, its gravity is also very powerful. The powerful gravity can attract all the eight planets. In order not to be swallowed by the sun, the eight planets constantly rotate and rotate. The rotation and revolution can generate centrifugal force . The centrifugal force and gravity cancel each other, so the eight planets will steadily rotate around the sun. Among the eight planets in the solar system, only the planet Earth has given birth to life. The appearance of life has added a lot of color to the planet Earth, especially after humans appear, they have unraveled many mysteries on Earth. If humans do not appear, then the mysteries on Earth may never be unraveled.
According to scientists' research, we can know that the sun was born 5 billion years ago, which means that the sun has burned for 5 billion years. After calculation, scientists have found that the lifespan of the sun is about 10 billion years, which means that the sun can continue to burn for 5 billion years. Seeing this, many friends may have a question, that is, why can the sun burn for so long? First of all, the mass of the sun is very large, so there is a lot of energy inside the sun, and the combustion of the sun is different from the ordinary combustion on our earth. The combustion on our earth mainly relies on oxygen . If there is not enough oxygen, the fire will be extinguished.
And the sun is not so burning, but rather it is the reaction of nuclear fusion inside the sun. The so-called fusion reaction refers to the collision of atomic nuclei . Under certain conditions, atomic nuclei collides with each other. During the collision of these nuclei, a new nuclei will be generated, and a part of the energy will be lost. This part of the lost energy will be converted into energy and released, and then absorbed by other celestial bodies. After research, scientists found that the temperature inside the sun is as high as 15 million degrees Celsius. In this high-temperature area, the sun will convert hydrogen nuclear fusion into helium elements and release huge energy. Generally speaking, the 4 hydrogen atoms nuclei of the sun inside fusion into one helium atom , and the mass will be lost by 0.0276 units, which is equivalent to a gram of hydrogen loss of 0.0069 grams. The mass of these loss will be converted into energy and released. The earth receives about one part of the solar light energy per second.
Don't underestimate this one-2.2 billion energy. This one-2.2 billion energy is equivalent to the sum of the energy burned by 1 million tons of coal on the earth. Therefore, the energy of the sun is inexhaustible for humans. So at present, scientists are also actively studying controllable nuclear fusion . Controllable nuclear fusion is the principle of simulating the sun's combustion. If humans successfully study controlled nuclear fusion, human science and technology will be greatly improved. Scientists believe that the main energy in controlled nuclear fusion is helium-3. This energy reserves are very scarce on the earth, but this resource has a lot of reserves on the moon. Helium-3 was found in the samples brought back by my country's Chang'e-5 probe from the moon.
Scientists have calculated that the reserves of helium-3 on the moon are about 1 million tons. Therefore, if humans want to achieve controllable nuclear fusion in the future, then humans still need to land on the moon to mine. However, with the current technology of humans, it is obviously unrealistic to mine resources on the moon, so humans still need to continue to work hard. Seeing this, many people may say that humans still have 5 billion years, so we are not in a hurry. If you really think so, then you are wrong. Although the lifespan of the sun can still burn 5 billion years, the time left for humans is not as long as 5 billion years. In essence, the light and heat of the sun come from the reaction of internal nuclear fusion. When the energy inside the sun is consumed to a certain extent, the temperature and pressure in the core area inside the sun cannot start the nuclear fusion of the helium nucleus.
At this time, the radiation pressure will drop, and the balance inside the sun is broken, so the volume of the sun will begin to shrink, which will cause two results. 1. The reaction rate of " proton-proton chain reaction " will increase, because the reaction rate of nuclear fusion is very sensitive to temperature. If the temperature increases slightly, the reaction rate will increase significantly. 2. The boundary of the "core reaction zone" will expand outward. The reason for this is that the overall temperature and pressure of the "core reaction zone" have increased, which will cause some hydrogen nuclei that were originally located outside the "core reaction zone" and have never undergone nuclear fusion. In this new equilibrium state, the sun's brightness will increase, and 4 billion years ago, the sun's brightness was only about 70% of today.
And after another 1 billion years, the brightness of the sun will increase by 10%. Don’t underestimate this brightness of 10%. At that time, the temperature on the earth’s surface will increase from the current 47 degrees Celsius to 70 degrees Celsius, which is equivalent to an increase of more than 20 degrees Celsius. At such a high temperature, the liquid water on the earth cannot exist at all and will be evaporated. Moreover, many earthly organisms cannot survive at such a high temperature. Therefore, scientists believe that the sun has only about 1 billion years left for humans, which means that humans need to think of solutions within 1 billion years. At present, scientists are also starting to look for planets suitable for human immigration outside the solar system.
According to scientists' observations over the years, scientists have discovered many planets similar to Earth outside the solar system, such as Kepler 452b. Kepler 452b is also known as the twin brother of the earth. Why do you say so? According to scientists' research on this planet, we can know that this planet is very similar to the Earth. The time for this planet to rotate one circle is about 385 days, while the time for the Earth to rotate one circle is about 365, which means that the time for this planet to rotate one circle is 20 days longer than the time for the Earth to rotate one circle. In addition to these, scientists have also found that the mass and light of this planet are very similar to that of the Earth. The size of this planet is 1.6 times larger than that of the Earth. There is also a liquid ocean on this planet. Now we all know that water is the source of life. The earliest life on Earth was born in water. Since there is a large amount of liquid water on the planet Kepler 452b, will life have been born on this planet?
Since this planet is far away from the earth, humans cannot fly over at present, so humans can only observe through the astronomical telescope . If humans can greatly increase the speed of the spacecraft in the future, then we still have a chance to fly to this planet. Scientists are currently studying warp engines. If humans can realize the warp engine, then we can surpass the speed of light. This flight speed is 2140 times the speed of light. warp is flying by relying on the power generated by the distortion of space and the flow. According to Einstein's theory, we can know that the universe is a huge film. The reason why celestial bodies can float in the universe and not fall down is because the films of the universe drag them.
. A large mass can bending the universe film, and the space will be bent at this time. Scientists believe that the more severe the space is distorted, the faster the spacecraft will fly. However, scientists believe that space cannot be infinitely distorted, so when space is distorted to 9.99, it is the limit of warp speed flight, and this speed is 2140 times the speed of light. We can calculate what kind of experience it would be if we use to fly superluminal to travel in the universe. At twice the speed of light, it takes 5 hours for us to travel from Earth to Pluto. This speed is already very fast. After all, Pluto is about 5.9 billion kilometers away from Earth. Humans once launched the Voyager 1 probe out of the solar system 45 years ago.
So far, the Voyager 1 probe has not flew out of the solar system. If our spacecraft can really achieve warp speed flight, under the maximum conditions allowed by theory, it only takes 10 seconds to fly to Pluto. The closest Proxima is about 4.22 light years. It only takes 18 hours to fly at warp speed. When we shuttle through the universe at this speed, we have the chance to unlock the mysteries of the universe. However, for the vast universe, this speed also seems very slow. After all, the universe is too big. Take our Milky Way for example, the diameter of the Milky Way has reached 200,000 light years, and the diameter of the universe has reached 93 billion light years, and this is not the entire range of the universe. The universe may be larger than we imagined. How big is the universe? Scientists are also actively exploring.
The editor believes that humans are the most intelligent life on the earth. Human science and technology are constantly improving and developing. Although humans cannot leave the solar system yet, humans have not given up their dream of exploring the universe. Humans can walk out of the earth to explore the universe in just a few thousand years. This shows that the development of human science and technology is still very fast. With the advancement of human science and technology in the future, humans will definitely be able to immigrate to other planets. Do you have anything to say about this?
