- This sentence has been with someone since childhood, leaving people with the impression of the authenticity of this sentence. We didn't even expect that once we received the message and then repeated it, we would doubt it.

History of creation and destruction of myths

How to restore brain function is now described in world authoritative scientific publications. Methods that everyone can use have been developed.

"Nerve cells will not regenerate!" - This sentence has been with someone since childhood, leaving people with the impression of the authenticity of this sentence. We didn't even expect that once we received the message and then repeated it, we would doubt it. And in vain. After all, this statement is based on scientific research half a century ago and has long been refuted.

deals with the myth or reality that nerves and brain cells do not regenerate, where is the truth, whether there will be pictures claiming that this is a scientific fact, and we have studied the history of the formation and debunking of this idea.

Characteristics of neurons

Scientists have revealed the question of whether the brain's nerve cells recover in the lives of humans, men and women and how long it takes. However, it is not enough to increase cognitive function, restore memory, perceive and process information.

For complex cognitive processes, there are still few elements to study - neurons and their connections. This problem is particularly related to memory problems occurring in adults.

Neurons themselves and their connections in the brain cannot be calculated. This number is so large that under negative external factors or age, the loss of some cells that occur every day is invisible to adults until it reaches a key indicator. Research by neurophysiologist Carol Barnes reveals several patterns:

• As time goes by, some neurons that retain information, human memory, enter a kind of hibernation. They were not dead, but they stopped sending signals and they fell into silence. At this point, we lose some memories and we forget. This is a physiological process.
• hippocampus is a deep subcortical region that retains the ability to produce new neurons in adults. Fresh cells migrate through the human brain to form new neural connections and record information. After a period of time, if these groups do not receive requests from other units, they gradually enter a "sleep" state.
• Neural Network Many "sleeping" elements of can be awakened and entered into active state. To this end, a combination of drug, physical therapy procedures and psycho-neurophysiological training techniques is used [3].

Is it possible for the brain of adults to produce new cells in infinite amounts? Or only maintain the balance formed during puberty? Scientists have not found the answers to these questions.

The question of whether brain neurons are recovered is believed to be revealed by modern science. Today, there are some research that helps to better understand the process and find ways to improve brain function more effectively.

Model Questions

Most studies on adult neurogenesis are conducted on experimental animals that reproduce rapidly and are easy to maintain. The combination of this trait occurs in people with small sizes and short lifespans - in mice and rats. But in our brains, by the age of 20, things can happen completely differently.

The dentate gyrus of the hippocampus is part of the cerebral cortex, albeit primitive. In our species, like other long-lived mammals, the bark is significantly more developed than rodents. Perhaps neurogenesis covers its entire volume, through some mechanism of its own. This has not been directly confirmed: studies on adult neurogenesis in the cerebral cortex have not been conducted in humans or other primates.

But this work is done with ungulates. Studies on brain slices of newborn lambs and slightly older and sexually mature sheep found no dividing cells-the precursors of neurons in the cerebral cortex and the subcortical structure of the brain. On the other hand, it was found in the cortex of older animals of young neurons who had been born but were immature.Most likely, they are ready to specialize at the right time, forming mature nerve cells and replacing the dead. Of course, this is not entirely neurogenesis, because no new cells are formed during this process. Interestingly, however, this young neuron exists in those areas of the sheep brain, which are responsible for thinking (cerebral cortex), integration of sensory signals and consciousness (cluostat), emotions (amyogic nucleus). We are likely to have immature nerve cells in similar structures. But why does an already trained, experienced adult need them?

memory hypothesis

neurons are so numerous that some of them can be sacrificed painlessly. However, if the unit is closed from the worker process, this does not mean it has died. Neurons may stop generating signals and respond to external stimuli. The information he accumulated will not disappear, but will be "saved". This phenomenon led Carol Barnes, a neurophysiologist at the University of Arizona, to propose a luxury assumption that this is how the brain accumulates and divides memories from different periods of life. According to Professor Barnes, from time to time a group of young neurons appears in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus to record new experiences. After a while—weeks, months, maybe years—they all went into rest and stopped signaling. That's why memory (with a few exceptions) doesn't store anything that happened to us before the third year of life: accessing this data at some point is blocked.

Given that the dentate gyrus, like the entire hippocampus, is responsible for transferring information from short-term memory to long-term memory, this assumption seems even logical. However, it is still necessary to demonstrate that the hippocampus in adults does form new neurons, and is quite large in number. The possibility of experiments is very limited. How can

help brain recovery?

After dealing with the main question of whether it is possible to restore neural connections between the brain and nerve cells, we will continue to discuss a guide on how to do this.

Even in adulthood, the damage to the brain can be done, if not completely, and then partially corrected. Specialized medical care will be required: selected medication and physical therapy courses. It is equally effective for one's own independent work - the development and strengthening of cognitive functions.

let us consider methods with proven validated validity in more detail.

Useful Reading

Read as many books, magazines, newspapers, online publications and articles that have never been included in your circle of interest. If you have been reading special literature on cooking or fashion, be aware of professional publications about cars or stockbrokers .

Knitting or embroidery enthusiasts can read about growing indoor flowers or breeding chinchillas. Fans of the noisy party will be helped to "train" brain detectives or historical literature, romance novels or familiarity with world architecture, biography of famous figures or collections of best cooking recipes.

Neuroscientists stress that in order to develop the brain and improve its work, you don’t need to try to thoroughly study new literature.

It is best to gradually "familiar" with them in the past with a very distant concept of themes, phenomena, things and concepts. Read aloud to someone in the family regularly, alternately playing the role of readers and listeners. During the silent reading, only certain parts of the brain are involved, when read aloud - completely different. This simple exercise activates the brain and strengthens memory.

Change "work" hand

One of the easiest and most effective exercises is to change the "work" hand. First, you can schedule an experiment and change hands while performing simple, familiar daily movements - brushing your teeth, combing.

If you are used to holding a cup or spoon, stirring sugar in coffee, enter information on the phone, grab the armrest of public transportation with only the right hand, arrange a day for her "rest day" and perform all the movements with only the left hand.

In order to train the brain and strengthen memory and thinking, it is necessary to practice "work" hand changes 2-5 times every day.

For right-handed and left-handed people, it is very useful to do the following exercises - move the pen to a "not working" hand and try to write only a few words. Don’t forget that brain training requires regularity, and exercising from time to time will not bring any results.

Thanks to this simple exercise, you can effectively improve the work of underdeveloped brain hemispheres, as well as strengthen neural connections between the two hemispheres, and develop creative, non-standard thinking and creative abilities.

answers

In most cases, you hear standard questions every day, one gives them templates, standard answers. As a result, creative, non-standard and creative thinking are reduced.

tries to come up with non-standard answers to completely ordinary questions to show your imagination. To do this, it is very useful to expand your vocabulary regularly – read new books, magazines and journals and watch interesting and informative TV shows.

Watch TV movies in different life situations and putting yourself in the position of the main character is very useful. In your mind, imagine how you would behave if you were a hero and how you would react. Try to think about new phrases and words that you haven't used before. Not only does this help expand vocabulary and become an interesting interlocutor, it can also activate the brain and strengthen the neural connection between the left and right hemispheres.

Watch TV

This exercise can and should be performed while resting in front of the TV. It won't take much time and effort, but it will help perfectly train the brain, strengthen the neural connection between the two hemispheres and enhance memory.

Turn off the sound on the TV in an interesting TV show, movie or series, and then try to imagine what the main characters are talking about, what words and phrases they use.

Express your thoughts loudly. Don't be afraid to use words and expressions you've never used in the dictionary before, which have only been heard in movies. You can do this exercise in another way - instead of inventing your own phrases, try to guess.

This simple and effective exercise can be performed independently or with a spouse, friend or someone in the family. Not only is this a great exercise for the brain, it will also help to have fun, have fun, and spend a great time with loved ones.

Memory recovery exercise

Normalization of brain work after stroke helps with daily training. They include performing simple exercises:

• repeats. The patient needs to list every day what he did during the day, what he ate, who he talked to, what surgery he underwent. This trains memory and helps neurons recover faster.
• creates visual images. A card is provided to the patient with any object depicted. The task is to convey as much detail as possible what a person sees in front of him.
• established an association. Patients need to create a linkage series. For example: ball is childhood, jumping, football, fans, joy of victory, dating future wife of your favorite team game, etc.
• city game. The victim should remember which cities he has been to before, what he saw and did there. It is important to fill the story with details. Describe which buildings in the city sparked imagination, the hospitality of the locals, what they ate in the cafe, and so on.
• finger game. The patient recites short rhymes and bends the fingers of the “not working” hand in the process. The combination of memory activation and fine motor skills accelerates the process of restoring neural connections in the two hemispheres of the brain.

• Recite poetry. It can be used as an independent training method. Nothing can stimulate memory more than "cramming". It is enough for patients to recite 2-3 lines of poetry every day. As cognitive function recovers, this volume should increase.
• memory training. It is necessary to tell a story about a person who has just entered the ward and has walked out of the door. The patient should describe his height, weight, voice and tone, facial features, figure, and clothing in detail.

Checkers, chess, crossword games, and puzzles are also a good exercise. The victim’s relatives need to talk to him as much as possible, discuss the events of the day and plans for tomorrow, remembering the past. Even if a person can hardly speak, communication will perfectly stimulate him.

Music Therapy

Patients often listen to music, remember words and sing to their favorite songs, "conduct" to the rhythm of the melody, showing excellent results. Listening to audiobooks can also help restore neurons. It develops imagination.

Nutritional Calibration

In the menu of people who have experienced stroke, there should be a lot of protein foods: eggs, lean meat, sea fish. Proteins are an important part of nerve cells. marine fish and seafood also contain omega fatty acids, which can resist the pathological process of oxidation and have a positive effect on central nervous system .

To activate brain activity, vitamins B, E, C. They are found in large quantities in walnuts, citrus fruits, vegetables, berries and fruits. A dark bitter chocolate that is very useful for the brain. It has flavonoids - substances that activate blood circulation and prevent blood clots.

It is also important to remember that without physical activity, recovery of patients after stroke is impossible. It not only helps restore the function of the limbs, but also has a positive effect on the brain's work.

Global Travel

If you are used to spending your vacation in the same place - by the sea, on the boarding apartment or just spending your vacation with relatives in the village, be sure to spend your vacation in a brand new and unexpected place.

Traveling to new places and countries brings many bright and memorable emotions that have a positive impact on the work of the brain and nervous system two hemispheres.

To do this, there is no need to go to an exotic country. Traveling to another city in your country can get the same obvious effect.

During the trip, carefully study the surrounding landscape, architectural characteristics, and communicate with local residents. Explore local attractions, phrases and concepts unique to the area and read signs with the names of surrounding bars, restaurants, hotels and salons. If you don't have the chance to travel, take a walk in the interesting new places in your city. Stroll in remote areas and visit interesting exhibitions, galleries, museums or drama premieres.

Brain aerobics

In order to continue to develop and to create new connections, the brain must constantly encounter some unusual and new things. It is easy to arrange even in daily life.

gives us a moderate burden to the organs that perceive information. Start the day with an unusual ceremony, change the drinks, brush your teeth with the other hand, and change the smell in the house. Diversify the usual sound atmosphere around you and focus your visual attention on unusual things.

Will memory be restored after stroke?

Practice shows that stroke is not a sentence. The human brain is a unique organ that can restore most of its functions. Healthy areas often assume the “responsibility” of those affected. The damaged neural connection is restored. However, they need help.

help includes regular training and medication to improve memory in older people, which is suitable for younger patients.

combines different rehabilitation methods, exercise relentlessly, and take medication regularly - all of which are key to restoring brain function and restoring normal life.

How long does it take to recover memory after a stroke?

The duration of this process depends directly on the severity of brain damage . The average time was as follows:
• ischemic stroke, mild interference in the form of facial and limb paralysis, dizziness, decreased vision sharpness - from 1 to 3 months;
• extensive bleeding, followed by severe paralysis and persistent coordination disorders - 1-2 years;
• ischemic/hemorrhagic stroke, complete paralysis and significant cognitive impairment - over 2 years.

In the latter case, the patient can only partially restore motor function (learning to sit down and eat independently). Unfortunately, it is impossible to fully recover physical activity, cognitive ability and memory.

Drugs to improve brain function

Principle of effect of drugs to improve memory

In order to increase the activity of the central nervous system, the following therapeutic effects of these drugs are also important:

• accelerates the utilization of glucose ;
• enhances protein synthesis;
• improves nucleic acid metabolism; the effects of
• on the monoaminergic system (activates the production of adrenaline , dopamine and serotonin);
• stimulates the cholinergic system to avoid cognitive impairment (especially the reduction of declarative memory).

The purpose of taking nootropic drugs is to improve brain circulation and normalize the metabolic process of nerve cells. At the same time, the rate of formation of neural connections increases and the number of them increases. This leads to activation of brain activity. That is, in the context of therapeutic invasion, nootropics act as stimulants to the organ itself. What is

? What makes a person's brain activity increase

Nootropics are called cognitive stimulants. Taking these drugs or vitamins can enhance learning ability because of the complex activation of the central nervous system:

• improves memory;
• increases concentration of attention;
• enhances perception;
• ensures clarity of consciousness;
• prevents mental fatigue;
• reduces excitability;
• overcomes weakness (neuropsychiatric weakness).

Other effects can be observed depending on the active substance. Some have a sedative effect, while others help get rid of depression . There are some medications that can help regulate sleep and wake up.

Stimulants for brain activity are usually combined with neuroprotective agents into one group. They protect organs from the serious consequences of circulatory disorders, prevent cell destruction, and help slow down dementia.

Vitamins Improve Brain Function

If serious violations in brain work are not detected, you should not abuse drugs. To solve the problem of improving attention or learning ability, you can use vitamins:

• β-carotene , protecting neurons from premature aging;
• B1, a neuroprotective agent that supports good memory and clear awareness;
• B6, supporting attention and preventing depression;
• B9, which receives it to prevent stroke;
• B12, lack of it increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease ;
• C, slows down the degenerative process;
• K, which accelerates the processing of signals entering the brain.

A wonderful pill that can immediately solve all problems in the cognitive field does not exist. However, correctly identified causes of violations allow you to select the right tool to correct them.

Antioxidant

Antioxidant is a drug that neutralizes the pathogenic effect of free radical . After treatment, the body's cells are renewed and healed. Anti-acute drugs can improve the utilization rate of circulating oxygen in the body and increase the resistance of cells to hypoxia. They prevent, reduce and eliminate hypoxia manifestations, keeping energy metabolism at optimal levels.

List of neuroprotective drugs with antioxidant effects:

1. "Mexidol" is effective in combating hypoxia, ischemia, and convulsions. The drug increases the body's resistance to stress and stimulates its ability to adapt to environmentally destructive effects. The drug is contained in complex treatments for changes in circulatory disorders that occur in the brain. Under the influence of "Mexidol", the perception and reproduction process of information is improved, especially in the elderly, where alcoholism in the body is reduced.
2. "Emoxipin" increases the activity of antioxidant enzyme , reduces the formation of prostaglandins, and prevents thrombosis aggregation. "Emoxipin" is used in patients with acute cerebral and coronary insufficiency, glaucoma , intraocular bleeding, and signs of diabetic retinopathy.
3. " glycine " is a amino acid , a natural metabolite of the brain, affecting the functional state of its special system and non-specific structure. This is a neurotransmitter that regulates the metabolic process of the central nervous system. Under the influence of drugs, psychological-emotional stress is reduced, brain function improves, severity of weakness and pathological dependence on alcohol is reduced. "Glycine" has anti-stress and sedation effects.
4. "glutamate" is a drug that stimulates the recovery process in the body, normalizing the transmission of metabolism and nerve impulses. It increases brain cells’ resistance to hypoxia and protects the body from the toxic effects of toxic substances, alcohol and certain drugs. This drug is used in schizophrenia , epilepsy, psychiatric, insomnia, encephalitis and meningitis. "Glutamate" is included in complex treatments for cerebral palsy, polio , Down's disease.
5. "Complamin" is a neurological drug that improves the blood supply of the brain, promotes oxygenated blood flow to brain tissue, and inhibits platelet aggregation. "Complamin" is an indirect antioxidant that activates lipid and carbohydrate metabolism and has a liver-protecting effect.

adapteran

adapteran includes herbs with neurotrophic effects. The most common ones are: prickly tincture, ginseng, Chinese lemongrass . They are designed to fight fatigue, stress, anorexia, hypogonadism. Adaptors are used to promote environmental adaptation, prevent colds, and accelerate the recovery of acute diseases.

• "Liquid Extract from prickly plus " is a phytorepair agent that has a general tonic effect on the human body. This is a dietary supplement used to make roots of plants of the same name. Neuroprotective agents stimulate the body's immunity and adaptability. Under the influence of drugs, drowsiness decreases, accelerates metabolism, improves appetite, and reduces the risk of cancer.
• "Ginseng Tincture" is a plant-derived and has a positive effect on the metabolism in the body. The drug stimulates the work of the human blood vessels and nervous system. It is used as part of general intensive treatment for frail patients. "Ginseng Tincture" is a metabolic, antiemetic and biostimulator that helps the body adapt to atypical loads, increase blood pressure and lower blood sugar levels.
• "Chinese Lemongrass Tincture" is a common remedy that can get rid of lethargy, fatigue and replenish energy for a long time. The tool restores its post-depression state, providing a surge in physical strength, perfect tones with refreshing and stimulating effects.