Recently, the list of winners of the "2022 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine " was announced. Swedish Scientist Svante Pääbo (Svante Pääbo) won the award in recognition of his discovery of the genome of the extinct human race and the human evolution . This is also interpreted as the "upset" of this year's Nobel Prize .
Professor Chen Peng of the Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medicine, Jilin University, said, "Understanding the genome of ancient humans helps us understand the source of disease susceptibility of modern humans. A specific example is that researchers confirmed the genome of modern humans from the genome information of Neanderthal that the susceptibility of modern humans in new crown may come from ancient humans."
Does the susceptibility of new crown really come from ancient humans? Let’s talk to you today!
1, does the new crown really have a relationship with ancient humans?
First of all, let me emphasize that don’t talk about ancient humans in everything. Africans south of the sub-Saharan Desert basically do not have Neanderthal genes, but their new crown is much more.
In addition, the Neanderthals in East Asians are higher than those in Europe. How to explain the COVID-19 situation in East Asia and Europe?
American and Australian natives have a smaller relationship with Neomen , and more are the genetic traces of Denisovan , but what about their new crown?
We generally talk about the genetic contribution of ancient humans, which often focus on metabolic diseases, such as diabetes , thrombosis, etc. These diseases are often related to the living environment of humans at that time. Food in ancient times was unstable. Therefore, for ancient humans, being able to absorb energy quickly was the advantage, so gaining weight was the advantage in ancient times. However, in recent years, the substance has become relatively abundant, so these genes responsible for absorption and storage have become burdens.
But it is a bit far-fetched to link the new crown and ancient humans.
2, why is it south of sub-Saharan ?
Of course, why do you say it is sub-Saharan? Because according to human migration, some of this group of people who walked out of Africa have returned and become the ones who are today in North Africa and West Africa . They still have Nigerian genes, but the proportion is already very low. I remember that it seems that it is only a few minutes.
So it is generally believed that the mixing with the Neanderthals should be relatively early, probably in the place where the modern Homo sapiens met the local Neanderthals.
So from the genetic evidence, this information can be seen
In addition, the ancient human DNA is still widely distributed. The following figure is the location of the remains of ancient humans discovered so far.
Moreover, the communication between ancient humans is also very frequent
Even if there are some ancient human genes, modern people continue to reject those genes that are not very adaptable in the evolution process
3, the ancient humans we call
In fact, we talk about ancient humans, especially these former relatives, whether they are Neanderthals or Denisovans, their range of activities is Eurasian continent.
Modern Homo sapiens After the ancestors walked out of Africa, they did not move all, but some people ran away.
So in terms of evolution, the famous mtDNA Eve work that year discovered that the diversity of Africans is the highest, because the original n ancestors still stayed in the local area to continue to inherit.
Only one of them came out of Africa. Divered along the coastline. This part of the people who came out met Neanderthals in Europe and Denisovans in Asia. They exchanged their genes with each other and left behind their descendants, forming today's Eurasian continental people.
But the people who stayed in Africa have not experienced this process. So they basically have no Neanderthal and Denisovan genes.
So I think it is too far-fetched to say that the susceptibility of the new crown comes from ancient humans, em, and it is too far-fetched to force the Nobel Prize to add a halo of contemporary significance.
