The annual Nobel Prize will be announced in the near future, that is, from October 4th to 11th. The specific time of
is as follows.
October 4, 17:30 Beijing time, Physiology Award or Medical Award,
October 5, 17:45 Beijing Time, Physics Award.
October 6, 17:45 Beijing time, Chemistry Prize.
October 7, 19:00 Beijing time, literature award.
October 8, 17:00 Beijing time, Peace Prize.
October 11, 17:45 Beijing time, Economics Award.
Tu Youyou's Nobel Prize Certificate
As we all know, the Nobel Prize was born out of Nobel's 1895 will, but it is different from the other initial five items. The full name of the Economics Prize should be called " Sweden" Central Bank commemorates the Nobel Prize in Economic Science".
Because this is Sweden's commemoration of Nobel, it was established in 1968, when Nobel had been dead for 72 years.
But the problem is here, Since economics awards can be added, what about mathematics? Why was it not established in Nobel’s will at the beginning, and even the additional qualifications were not mixed in later?
Nobel
First of all, the most famous rumors are that the wife Hongxing went out of the wall. It is said that Nobel’s wife had a relationship with the Swedish mathematics master Gösta Mittag-Leffler (1846-1927) , and eventually abandoned Nobel, and ran away with the mathematics master one week before marriage . This is the story of Nobel's fury, not setting up the mathematics prize .
More interestingly,Mita’s friend Fields later founded Fields Medal , which is one of the highest awards in the field of mathematics in the world, also known as the Nobel Prize in mathematics, so some people think this It was Mita's friend Fields who was venting for him.
Mathematics Master Mita
But in fact, this is completely forced to play. First, Nobel has never been married in his life, so naturally there is no wife. As soon as he said, there is only one flower girl Sophie who met in a flower shop in Vienna. The two have been in love for about 15-18 years, but Sophie and Mathematics Master Mita is two people who can't fight with eight poles.
Second, the age difference between the mathematics master Mita and Nobel is 13 years old. When Mita was only a student, Nobel moved out of Sweden and went to Paris. This kind of transnational green man is really a bit too far. Too far-fetched.
Third, Mita has actually made a lot of hard work for the promotion of the Nobel Prize. Including Lorenz, the first physics prize winner, and the first female winner Curie , are all inseparable from Mita's strong recommendation. He has also celebrated for the Nobel Prize winner at home many times. Of course, if you want to kill people and punish the heart, there is no way.
Mo Yan at the Nobel Prize
So, why not set up a mathematics prize? There are roughly three reasons.
The first point is that mathematics is not important. Don't get me wrong, this refers to the era of Nobel. The Nobel Prize has always had a tradition of emphasizing practice and results, that is, people who are more inclined to prove the theory or produce specific products, rather than predict the theory, because Nobel is a real invention tycoon.
and Nobel terminated his public middle school education at the age of 16.In the second half of the 19th century, all of Nobel's scientific inventions at that time did not need to be applied to advanced mathematical knowledge, and ordinary four arithmetic operations and ratios were sufficient. Therefore, in Nobel's opinion, the mathematics at that time was too theoretical to benefit mankind immediately. Naturally, he would not specially set up a mathematics prize, and he divided mathematics more into physics.
In fact, after the death of Nobel, mathematics has undergone tremendous changes in just ten years. Some fields have been separated from the material world and become an independent subject. This is also one of the reasons why economics has been added, but mathematics prizes have not been added. This is contrary to the original intention of the Nobel Prize and Nobel himself.
Medal
Second, the king at that time, Oscar II, had created a prestigious mathematics prize, and the Nobel would naturally not steal the king’s limelight.
The third point is that Nobel’s will has already explained it. The following is the original translation of the will:
I, the signer Alfred Berhad Nobel, hereby declare after serious consideration that the following is a will concerning the handling of my legacy after my death:
at Therefore, I ask the executor to dispose of the remaining assets that I can exchange in the following way: convert the above assets into cash, and then make safe and reliable investments; set up a foundation with this fund, and award the interest generated by the funds to the People who made outstanding contributions to mankind in the previous year. Divide this interest into five equal parts, and distribute them as follows:
one award to the person who has the most significant discovery or invention in physics
one award to the person who has the most significant discovery or improvement in chemistry;
One award is given to those who have made the most significant discoveries in biology or medicine;
One award is given to those who have created the best works based on ideals in the literary world;
The last award is given for promotion People who are united and friendly, abolished or reduced the standing army, and who have done their best or made the greatest contribution to the organization and propaganda of the peace conference.
The Physics Prize and Chemistry Prize are awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences in Stockholm; the Medicine and Biology Prize is awarded by the Stockholm Rowling School of Medicine; the Literary Prize is awarded by the Stockholm School of Letters; and the Peace Prize is awarded by a 5-member committee elected by the Norwegian Parliament.
No consideration is given to the nationality of the winning candidate, that is to say, regardless of whether he or she is Scandinavian or not, whoever meets the most conditions should receive the prize. I am here to claim that it is my urgent desire to grant bonuses in this way...
This is my only valid will. After my death, if any previous wills on the disposal of property are found, they will be invalidated.
Madame Curie
So, now understand why there is no mathematics prize for the Nobel Prize, right? In fact, although the Fields Medal is called the Nobel Prize in mathematics, it is more valuable than the Nobel Prize in terms of gold content and difficulty.
