Xiao Zheng, male, 37 years old, often relies on takeaway for dinner, , especially seafood soup, internal organ soup, , Xiao Zheng likes it especially, sometimes he just joins a few colleagues to a hot pot to enjoy it. Life is very beautiful, and the meat on his body is also "happy".
This is the company's annual physical examination arrangement. Xiao Zhenghe also conducted a full physical examination in order in previous years. Not long after, Xiao Zheng got the physical examination report and looked through his various examination indicators, "uric acid 580μmol/L (normal value of 149-416μmol/L for adult males), why is so high? "
Xiao Zheng jogged back to the doctor's clinic and asked with shock on his face: "Doctor, doctor, look! Why is my uric acid so much higher? Do you have any disease?"
The doctor took his physical examination report and looked carefully, and asked Xiao Zheng : "Did you eat animal offal and seafood the day before your physical examination?"
Xiao Zheng carefully recalled : "No, well, really not. I lost weight in the few days before the physical examination, and I always ate coarse grains and vegetables."
html l0Doctor asked Xiao Zheng if he had any other discomfort and told Xiao Zheng, "So, you should draw blood tomorrow morning when you are on an empty stomach, and come and take a look after the results."
The next morning, Xiao Zheng came to the hospital for examination. After getting the results, he told that the uric acid was still high - 547μmol/L. The doctor looked at the results of the two tests and asked Xiao Zheng, "I usually eat some food. What? Are you exercising regularly like this? "
Xiao Zheng talked to the doctor about his work, diet, etc., and the doctor told Xiao Zheng seriously: "Young man, you have hyperuricemia when you eat! Your diet and lifestyle have to be adjusted well in the future."
"What should I do?" Xiao Zheng was a little scared. "Don't be nervous, you are just too high in uric acid, and there are no other major problems with the physical examination report, nor any other symptoms. It should be related to your diet and living habits. Don't rush to use medicine, and take a look at the diet for a while. In this way, I will write you a few foods that you can't eat during this period. You must keep your mouth under control when you go back!" said the doctor.
Holding the doctor's request form, Xiao Zheng finally breathed a sigh of relief. In daily life, we always encounter high uric acid. Let’s talk about it in detail today through the following!
1. The production and excretion of uric acid
uric acid, the chemical formula is C5H4N4O3, slightly soluble in water, crystals are easily precipitated when the concentration is too high, and it is the final product of purine metabolism in the human body. The uric acid in normal adults remains approximately 200 mg, metabolically produces approximately 00 mg/day , and excretes 00 mg/day 00 mg/day , and maintains a stable state in various ways.
. Production of uric acid
If you want to understand uric acid, you must first understand purine : Purine, which is one of the components of cells . The purines in the human body are divided into endogenous purines and exogenous purines .
First let’s get to know endogenous purine. When the cells in the human body metabolize One of the products of oxidation and decomposition during the entire process is purine, also known as endogenous purine, which accounts for about 80% of the total purines of the human body.
In addition, when we consume some foods rich in such as animal viscera, seafood, etc., , they will eventually catabolize and metabolize to produce purines, which is called exogenous purine , accounting for about 20% of the total purines of the human body. After the purine in the body is produced, it will be oxidized into under the action of liver uric acid . It can be seen that purine and uric acid are both metabolites in the oxidative decomposition process in the body.
. Uric acid excretion
As the saying goes, "There is a way out when there is production." After uric acid is produced, about Two-thirds of uric acid in will pass through Blood circulation reaches kidney is excreted from the body with urine , and the rest one-third is excreted through feces and sweat .
Under normal circumstances, after uric acid is filtered through the glomerular circulation through the blood circulation, most of the uric acid is reabsorbed by the proximal tubules, and then excreted from the body with the secretion of the distal tubules. Therefore, the complete glomerulus and renal tubule is an important condition to ensure uric acid excretion.
Learn about the production and excretion of uric acid. Let’s take a look at what are the abnormal uric acid value.
2. Pay attention! Elevated uric acid ≠ hyperuricemia!
Under normal circumstances, the uric acid is produced as much as it is produced, and is balanced in and out , maintaining the overall stability of uric acid. When there is too much uric acid or kidney excretion dysfunction, the uric acid level in the blood will increase, and even develop into hyperuricemia .
However, is not completely equal to , and there is still a certain degree of difference between the two. The normal value of uric acid is in adult 9～357μmol/L.
HUA) refers to the cause of excessive uric acid production and (or) excessive excretion in the body under normal diet. Fatty state Two Hydraulicemia 1, and the two blood draws cannot be on the same day. If the blood uric acid level is greater than 416μmol/L (male) or 357μmol/L (female), it can be called hyperuricemia.
From this we can know that occasionally high uric acid cannot be directly diagnosed as hyperuricemia. There are many factors that affect uric acid, and we must comprehensively consider many factors.
First of all, it is diet . When eating too much high-purine food at one time, such as a large amount of high-lipid and seafood food, it will lead to a significant increase in purine intake, which will in turn cause excessive uric acid.
followed by Drug factor . Some drugs are nephrotoxic, which will lead to imbalance in uric acid metabolism, which ultimately makes uric acid high for a period of time. For high uric acid caused by drugs, it will generally return to normal soon after the drug is stopped.
like this, which is mainly caused by diet and drug factors, generally by drinking more water, urination will quickly restore the normal range of uric acid, and the body will not have other symptoms.
However, hyperuricemia is more than that.When uric acid continues to be high in daily life, the purine metabolism in the body will gradually become disordered. The production and excretion of uric acid will gradually accumulate in the body, slowly deteriorate to form urate crystals precipitated and deposited in joints, cardiovascular, kidneys, pancreas , etc., usually first manifested as sudden joint redness, swelling, heat pain .
When the synovium, bursal, cartilage and other tissues of hyperuricemia patients gradually accumulate more uric acid crystals, it causes repeated inflammatory diseases, which is the well-known " gout ". It is manifested as arthritis, gout stone and joint deformities, gout kidney disease , etc.
After reading this, we have already gained a specific understanding of elevated uric acid and hyperuricemia. Next, let’s take a look at how to reduce uric acid!
3. What should I do if my uric acid is high?
In the previous article, we have introduced the process of uric acid production. Then, in turn, we deduce: to reduce uric acid, we must reduce the production of uric acid, reduce the production of purine, reduce the oxidative decomposition process, and at the same time, reduce the intake of purine and promote the excretion of uric acid.
When our examination results indicate that we have a high uric acid, the first task is to analyze the reasons and intervene point-to-point.
(1) Dietary intervention
First of all, analyze your dietary habits. If you live in a coastal area, you should reduce your seafood intake and eat less shellfish and fish; if you eat more meat, you should eat less meat and eat more fresh fruits and vegetables.
In addition to the above-mentioned high-purine foods, high-lipid diets are also closely related to uric acid. Gout patients should not eat too much fried foods and foods with high fat content, otherwise high amounts of fat accumulate in the body will easily inhibit the excretion of uric acid.
even if you want to eat it, you should use the cooking method of steaming, boiling, braising, and cold-smoking to reduce the amount of oil and promote the excretion of uric acid. In addition, you should choose more foods rich in vitamin B1 and vitamin C.
(2) Weight Assessment
The second step is to evaluate BMI if it is super important to lose weight actively. When uric acid is high, you should maintain an ideal weight. Too heavy weight will increase the patient's pain. When losing weight, ~2kg/month is the best.
It should be noted that weight loss should not be done in the acute stage of hyperuricemia. Because rapid weight loss will cause tissue decomposition, resulting in the production of more large amounts of uric acid, which will further aggravate the condition.
(3) Consider genetic factors
The third step is to consider whether there are genetic factors, that is, whether there are hyperuricemia or gout patients in the family. People with genetic factors may have defects in metabolic function, such as lacking a key enzyme that metabolizes uric acid. Such people need drug treatment while adjusting their lifestyle.
After knowing the various intervention methods of high uric acid, let’s learn more about which foods cannot be eaten.
4. Try not to eat these three foods with high uric acid!
. Seafood
Seafood food is the most common high-purine food. Like the common squid on our dining table, the purine value of 226.2, the purine value of hairtail is 391.6, the purine value of dried fish is 1538, and the purine value of leucorrhea skin reaches 3509.
When these high-purine foods enter the digestive tract, after a series of oxidative decomposition processes such as digestion and absorption, the large amount of purines they contain will be released, and eventually a large amount of uric acid will be generated under the reprocessing of the liver.
When these large amounts of uric acid cannot be excreted from the body in time, it will gradually accumulate in the body, causing high uric acid and even inducing gout attacks.
Since seafood is mentioned, we have to mention Beer . The two of them are combined together, which is quite famous " gout set ". Let's take a closer look.
Through the above we know that seafood contains a large amount of purines, which are finally converted into uric acid through oxidation and decomposition. Beer happens to be the excellent catalyst in the process of converting purine into uric acid, which can accelerate the decomposition of purine.
Therefore, when seafood is paired with beer, the production of uric acid will accelerate, and you will get closer and closer to gout, which is even more "injury" for people who are more uric acid. Therefore, although seafood and beer taste beautiful, don’t be greedy!
. High fat
High fat foods are also foods that patients with high uric acid should not eat too much. For example, Hot pot soup, fried dough sticks, oil cakes, fried spring rolls and other fried foods contain a lot of fat and fat.
When intake of more fat and oil, the metabolism rate of the human body will slow down , and the blood flow rate will also weaken . In this way, the human body will need to spend more time transporting uric acid to the kidneys for excretion. Not only that, the blood flow of flowing through the kidneys will also decrease . The combined action of the two factors will eventually slow down the excretion of uric acid through the kidneys.
On the other hand, as the intake increases, it will gradually accumulate in the body, which will also accelerate the formation of uric acid . In this way, not only does the excretion of uric acid decrease and slow down, but its production is also accelerating, causing continuous increase in uric acid levels in the human body, causing greater harm to the human body. It can be seen that high-lipid foods not only make your weight gain and blood lipids soar, but ultimately your uric acid level is also in its hands.
. Animal viscera
Animal viscera can be said to be the "base camp" of purines. It not only contains ultra-high content of purines, but also has a high fat content. The common pork kidneys on the dining table have a purine value of 132.6, the purine value of the large and small intestines of pigs is 262.6, and the purine value of duck liver is 301.5. When we consume a large amount of animal viscera, the high content of purine can be imagined.
Like seafood, after animal internal organs are digested and absorbed, the purines contained in them are released, which increases the purine content in the body and increases the uric acid stool, causing damage to the kidneys and even the entire body.
Summary:
Xiao Zheng's experience in this physical examination led us to understand the production and excretion of uric acid, clarify the relationship between high uric acid and hyperuricemia, and learn the intervention methods after high uric acid. Finally, we also introduced three major categories of foods that patients with high uric acid should not eat more.
I hope that after reading this, you will have a more comprehensive understanding of the high uric acid, better adjust and improve your diet, and live a healthier and more peaceful life! I also hope that Xiao Zheng will recover as soon as possible!
References: Guo Lixin. Talk about the treatment of hyperuricemia from the "Chinese Expert Consensus on the Treatment of Hyperuricemia and Gout". CNKI, 2014.
