Uremia generally refers to the late stage of chronic renal failure , that is, the 4th and 5th stages of chronic renal disease .
At this time, the patient's kidneys cannot perform normal functions, which can lead to the patient's acid and base balance disorder of water electrolytes, and may cause endocrine function disorders, such as renal anemia , hypocalcemia , renal bone disease, etc., and metabolic terminal products and toxic substances are also present in the body, which causes a series of symptoms and signs. This condition is called uremia.
Uremia is a manifestation of the end stage of renal failure. There are many reasons for it. As long as it can damage the glomerulus, renal tubules, renal interstitial , and renal blood vessels, it can all lead to the occurrence of uremia. Patients with uremia need to rely on dialysis or renal transplantation to maintain their lives.
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First of all, let’s understand what complications will uremia cause?
. Skin symptoms: Itchy skin is a common symptom of uremia patients. It may be a toxic product, which is caused by irritation of skin receptors. Some people think it is related to secondary hyperparathyroidism. This painful symptom can be immediately relieved after removal of parathyroid . In addition, the patient's skin is dry and desquamated and the change in the color of the skin is yellowish, thinking that it is caused by increased urine pigment.
However, it was confirmed by an absorption spectrophotometer that the skin pigment is mainly black pigment. Slightly contusted on the exposed areas of the skin can cause skin ecchymosis. Because sweat contains a higher concentration of urea , there is white crystals of urea at the opening of the sweat gland, which is called urea cream.
. Cardiovascular system symptoms: chronic renal failure . Due to renal hypertension, acidosis, hyperkalemia sodium water retention anemia and toxic substances, heart failure , arrhythmia and myocardial damage, etc. Due to the stimulating effect of urea, sterile pericarditis can also occur. Patients have pain in the precardial area, and they hear pericardial friction during physical examination. In severe cases, cellulose and hemorrhagic exudates appear in the pericardial cavity.
. Substance metabolic disorders: Glucose tolerance reduces sugar tolerance in patients with uremia and reduces their glucose tolerance curves similar to those in patients with mild diabetes, but these changes are insensitive to exogenous insulin, causing a mechanism for reducing glucose tolerance. Negative nitrogen balance can cause patients to lose weight, cachexia and hypoproteinemia. Hypoproteinemia is one of the important causes of renal edema , and the factor causing negative nitrogen balance.
. Digestive system symptoms: The earliest symptoms of the digestive system of uremia patients are loss of appetite or indigestion. When the condition worsens, anorexia, nausea, vomiting or diarrhea may occur. The occurrence of these symptoms may be due to the decomposition of urea enzymes from bacteria in the intestine to ammonia, ammonia stimulates the gastrointestinal mucosa and causes inflammation, and multiple superficial small ulcers. The patient suffers from gastrointestinal bleeding. In addition, nausea and vomiting are also related to dysfunction of the central nervous system.
. Neurological symptoms: Neurological symptoms are the main symptom of uremia. In the early stage of uremia, patients often have dizziness, headache, fatigue, and memory loss. As the condition worsens, irritability, muscle trembling and convulsions, and finally progresses to indifference in expressions, drowsiness, coma, etc. The occurrence of these symptoms may be related to the following factors:
① The accumulation of certain toxic substances may cause neuronal degeneration.
②Disconsolidation of electrolytes and acid-base balance,
③Cebral vasospasm and hypoxia caused by renal hypertension, and increased capillary permeability can cause brain nerve cell degeneration and brain edema .
6. Respiratory system symptoms: During acidosis, patients breathe slowly and deeply. In severe cases, the special nature of acidosis can be seen. The gas exhaled by uremia has a odor of urine. This is because bacteria break down the urea in saliva to form ammonia. Severe patients may experience lesions such as pulmonary edema , fibrous pleuritis or pulmonary calcification of .
Pulmonary edema is related to the effects of factors such as hypoproteinemia in heart failure and sodium and water retention. Cellulose pleurisitis is an inflammation caused by urea stimulation, and pulmonary calcification is caused by calcium phosphate precipitation in lung tissue.
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Will staying up late induce uremia? If you have these 4 bad habits, you need to correct them in time. If you stay up late often, you will not get uremia under normal circumstances. However, for patients with renal insufficiency, staying up late for a long time may aggravate the progression of renal disease and lead to uremia.
Staying up late will lead to uremia
Uremia is generally caused by various kidney diseases, causing abnormal kidney function, which leads to disorders such as pH, electrolytes in the body. If there is no kidney disease, staying up late will generally not cause uremia.
Staying up late will not cause uremia
For patients with kidney disease who have kidney disease with renal insufficiency, staying up late for a long time may lead to a decrease in the body's immunity, and may also affect the functions of other organs in the body, which will lead to aggravation of kidney disease. Severe patients may lead to uremia.
Whether staying up late regularly will cause uremia will have some relationship with the disease the patient suffers from. However, it is not recommended to stay up late frequently for the sake of physical health, and it is also necessary to change the bad life and eating habits in life. It is recommended to seek medical treatment in time after symptoms of physical discomfort occur.
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There are these 4 bad habits and you need to correct them in time
. Improper diet: Many people have kidney disease invasion due to bad habits, especially dietary errors. In the process of diet, you should choose appropriate food to provide nutrition to the body and protect important organs. If excessive intake of high-sugar foods causes diabetes disease that is not properly controlled, it will cause diabetes nephropathy , and finally the kidney function is reduced.
Some people have incorrect food matching. When supplementing calcium, they can obtain foods rich in oxalic acid, which will produce calcium oxalate , thereby increasing the prevalence of kidney stones . In addition, the amount of high-purine foods is obtained and the uric acid index is high. In addition to causing gout, it will also accelerate the arrival of uric acid kidney stones.
. Frequently hold urine: often hold urine, be careful of kidney disease, come to your door, when you have the urge to urinate, you should go to the toilet as soon as possible and excrete urine in time to maintain bladder , and easily ensure normal urinary tract prostate and kidney organ function.
. Incorrect medication: The reason why kidneys are lesions is not ruled out that it is related to the long-term use of drugs. As the saying goes, "It is three parts poisonous." Before using any drug, you should clarify the usage, dosage, indications, and contraindications to ensure safe medication.
. Inadequate drinking water: the body must obtain enough water every day to ensure good circulation and metabolism. The harmful substances produced are excreted by urination, ensuring acid-base balance, water electrolytes are normal, but they rely too much on beverages and drink juice and carbonated beverages frequently. In addition to obtaining water, they also invisibly consume other harmful substances, which affects the health of the kidneys.
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extension-What drugs can be taken for kidney disease assisted treatment?
has many drugs for treating kidney disease, mainly based on the origin of kidney pathogenesis and different renal function status. The specific analysis is as follows:
, chronic nephritis or nephrotic syndrome : glucocorticoid , or glucocorticoid combined with immunosuppressant , such as cyclophosphamide , tacrolimus , cyclosporine, mycophenolate dispersion tablets and other drugs. membranous nephropathy can use biological agents, such as rituximab, etc., and corresponding drugs need to be formulated for proteinuria and pathological changes in the body.
. Hypertension and renal damage: Hypotensive drugs are often used, such as RAS blockers, ACEI drugs, and ARB drugs. In addition, kidney disease leads to increased blood pressure, and sometimes requires the combination of multiple drugs, such as RAS blockers combined with calcium antagonists, or beta blockers combined with beta blockers.
. Diabetic nephropathy: Treatment with hypoglycemia is often used, and a variety of hypoglycemia is used for treatment.
, dyslipidemia : If kidney disease is combined with dyslipidemia, you can use statin drugs or ezemaibu and other drugs to control lipidemia .
. Renal anemia: You can use iron , erectin, or rosalstat to correct anemia.
6. Renal bone disease: renal insufficiency combined with renal bone disease, active vitamin D is required to improve secondary hyperparathyroidism.
