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Many times, we are afraid of malignant tumors, is not only because the tumor itself is terrible, but also because we don’t understand it.
When we were just diagnosed, we were usually the time when we were most afraid of tumor knowledge. At this time, patients should first understand the disease basicly and then treat it, so that they have a better mind.
The following five questions are compiled by Science Popularization, and the questions that tumor patients need to understand~
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1. Can malignant tumors be "cured"? After the cancer treatment of
is over, if does not relapse within 45 years, the risk of recurrence will be very low after 5 years, which is equivalent to "cured". Doctors call this clinical cure . The clinical cure rates between
cancer are slightly different, but they all have the same characteristic, that is, the earlier the cancer is, the greater the possibility of clinical cure. For example, if the early cervical cancer receives standardized treatment, 90% of them can be clinically cured.
For example, in Lin Qiaozhi Gynecological Oncology, the data is more complete. It records the survival of 7,200 patients with cervical invasive cancer. It was found that 90.37% of patients in
Ⅰ stage I had 73.34% of patients in
Ⅱ stage II; 52.13% of patients in
Ⅲ stage I; 14% of patients in
Ⅳ stage IV;
all survived smoothly after 10 years of radiotherapy.
So overall, malignant tumors can be "cured". Even if clinical cure cannot be achieved, there are many people who survive for a long time.
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2. Understanding the typing and staging will lead to better treatment!
"typing" refers to different pathological types of tumors.
For example, cervical cancer, the main pathological types include the following: squamous cell carcinoma , adenocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma .
, among which squamous cell carcinoma is the most common, accounting for 75~80% of cervical cancer, followed by adenocarcinoma, about 10~15%. The prognosis of adenocarcinoma is worse than that of squamous cell carcinoma, and its sensitivity to radiotherapy and chemotherapy is not as high as that of squamous cell carcinoma, but the difference in treatment is not big.
"stage" can express the development of cancer cells.
For cervical cancer, Ⅰ means that cancer cells only exist in the cervix; Ⅱ stage means that cancer cells have run out of the uterus, but are still limited to two-thirds of the upper part of the vagina, and have not touched the pelvic wall; Ⅲ stage means that cancer cells have developed to the lower part of the vagina, or touched the pelvic wall/pelvic cavity/side the aorta lymph node , or cause hydronephrosis/no function; Ⅳ stage means that cancer cells have invaded the organs near the pelvic cavity, such as the bladder mucosa, rectal mucosa, or have exceeded the true pelvis, or have distant metastasis.
The more limited the places where cancer cells stay, the easier it is for us to to put it in one pot. The more places where cancer cells are spread, the harder it is to clear . This is also the reason why all cancers emphasize premature screening, because sometimes when discovered late, the cancer cells may have already "run away".
At the same time, understanding stage typing is also our first step in treatment.
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3. Kill cancer cells, the main treatment methods for tumor patients
There are four common treatment options for tumors: surgery, chemotherapy, targeting, and immunotherapy , etc.
① Surgery: surgery is the first choice for patients with early-stage cervical cancer. The surgical method will be chosen according to the spread of the tumor. In particular, early-stage patients only need to cone (cut off a piece of cone-shaped meat). Other patients can perform uterus and lymph node resection according to the development of the disease. Generally speaking, the more the cancer cells spread, the more thoroughly it needs to be removed.
② Radiotherapy: When cancer cells attack the surrounding tissues of the cervix, or lymph and blood vessels (stage IIb), the benefits of surgery are not that high. At this time, the patient's preferred treatment method has changed from surgery to radiotherapy, which includes cancer cells and where cancer cells may be present.
cervical cancer radiotherapy includes two types: external pelvic irradiation and close-range radiotherapy. External pelvic irradiation means irradiation of the pelvic cavity from outside the body. Close-range radiotherapy means radio source passing through and installing it into the uterine cavity or vagina to irradiate the lesions.
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③ Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy is usually used simultaneously with radiotherapy because the scope of radiotherapy is limited, and chemotherapy can "fill out" cancer cells that cannot be exposed to radiotherapy, and can also increase the sensitivity of radiotherapy and make radiotherapy more effective.
④ Immunotherapy: If the patient detects PD-L1 positive, if her condition is difficult to control or recurs, she can consider treating it with immune combined with chemotherapy, because PD-L1 positive patients are more likely to be effective than PD-L1 negative patients
In addition, there are new drugs and new treatment plans for tumors, such as dual anti-drugs that are both immunotherapy. I believe that our treatment will become more and more effective in the future.
4. What preparations should be made before treatment?
① Treatment expenses and reimbursement preparation: First, prepare enough funds before treatment to avoid shortage of funds during treatment and temporarily borrow them.
Secondly, when going to treatment, register with a medical insurance card, and save various documents (including medical expense invoices, cost lists, pathological copies, diagnostic certificates, etc., it is best to copy an important document).
If you are preparing for long-term to seek medical treatment in other places, you must first register at the social security center of the insured place before you can reimburse.
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② Psychological preparation: Fighting with cancer, we must be psychologically accurate in the long-term war of resistance.
not only causes physical pain, but also changes in psychology and socially. It is recommended that you join the patient group to exchange experiences with the patient, and better adjust your status to meet the challenges.
③ Physical preparation: If you have bad diet and living habits before treatment, you can try to change it, such as adding a box of milk to yourself every day, gradually going from a high-carb diet to a high-protein diet, changing the habit of smoking and staying up late, etc., because these will affect our recovery. If it can be changed, it can give us more room for repair for the body damaged by radiotherapy and chemotherapy.
5. How to deal with side reactions during treatment? During the treatment of
, the most common problem is the treatment of side reactions. No matter which treatment plan, there is a possibility of side reactions.
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To deal with side reactions, the most important thing is to listen to the doctor's instructions . For example, the doctor asked us to flush the vagina after radiotherapy, so that can reduce the possibility of vaginal adhesions . During chemotherapy, we call medical care, and also to prevent the harm caused by chemotherapy drugs allergies ; when encountering side effects, the doctor will also deal with it in time. For example, when nausea and vomiting, the doctor will choose the antiemetic medicine suitable for according to the severity, and arrange for us lactulose or kasellu , etc.
The first time we encounter side effects in our lives, we are inevitably extremely nervous, but the doctor has dealt with it thousands of times, , so we must believe in the doctor's ability to deal with and deal with side effects , and give the doctor enough trust.
ending
passes through the pass. I hope everyone can go further and longer on the road to fighting cancer!
Editor in charge: Gynecological tumor mutual aid jun
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