The liver is one of the five internal organs of the human body and is the largest metabolic organ in the human body. Most drugs need to undergo structural changes to varying degrees in the liver, including oxidation, reduction, decomposition, and binding. During drug use, liver damage caused by the drug itself or/and its metabolites or the reduced sensitivity or tolerance of a special constitution to the drug is called drug-induced liver damage . Among liver diseases in my country, the incidence of drug-induced liver injury is second only to viral hepatitis and fatty liver disease (including alcoholic and non-alcoholic).
The common liver damage drugs are:
1. Antibacterial drugs: cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, cefoperone), tetracycline, erythromycin, sulfonamide, isoniazid , rifampin, ketoconazole , voriconazole, etc.
2. Antiparasitic drugs: chloroquine , primulinoquine , piperazine , levamisazole , albendazole , etc.
3. Antipyretic analgesics: aspirin, acetaminophen , indomethacin, nimesulil , ketoprofen, piroxicam, celecoxib, etc.
4. Anti-gout drugs: colchicine , allopurinol , etc.
5. Antiepileptic drugs: phenytoin sodium, carbamazepine, sodium valproate , etc.
6. Sedative hypnosis drugs: phenobarbital, diazepam, clonazepam, lorazepam, estazolam, etc.
7. Antipsychotic drugs: chlorpromazine , pernazine , haloperidol, supriligy , risperidone, etc.
8. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular drugs: quinidine, amiodarone , nimodipine , atenolol , terazosin , valsartan , lovastatin , simvastatin , etc.
9. Gastrointestinal medications: ranitidine , omeprazole , esomeprazole , cisapride, etc.
10.Directional : hydrochlorothiazide, amphetidine, acetazolamide, etc.
11. Hormones, antithyroid and antidiabetic drugs: prednisone, methylprednisol , testosterone propionate, estradiol , ethinyl estradiol , diethylstilbestrol , diethylstilbestrol , methimazole, propionthiorrhizine , gliquinole , glipizidine , etc.
12. Anti-tumor drugs: cyclophosphamide , nimustine, methotrexate , paclitaxel , docetaxel, Changchundi, etc.
13. Traditional Chinese medicine: threuden polygon, Xiaojin Wan , Zhuanggu Joint Pills , Xiaoke Tablets, Dahuang Zhechuan Pills, Jiexue Capsules, Gukang , Huangdishu, Tupanqi, Xihuangcao , etc.
Drug-induced liver injury can occur in healthy people who have no history of liver disease or patients who have had serious diseases in the past; it can occur when the medication is used excessively or under normal dosage. At present, we have come into contact with more than 30,000 drugs and health products in our daily lives, and more than 1,000 drugs are clearly known to cause drug-induced liver damage. Some health products, nutritional products, etc. may not have that much or no longer appear so quickly, but it should be noted that all purified and synthetic nutritional products are metabolized by the need for the liver to decompose and dosage. If taken improperly or excessively measured, it will affect the function of the liver, and the incidence of such injuries is also increasing.
Drug-induced liver injury has become a serious public health problem that cannot be ignored. The reason why drugs can cure diseases is that the drugs are all toxic. Doctors need to weigh the pros and cons during the medication process and follow the four major principles of medication use: safety, effectiveness, economy, and appropriateness. Try to avoid using drugs that have liver damage . If it is necessary, it should start with a small dose, closely monitor it, and use liver-protecting drugs in conjunction with liver-protecting drugs; avoid taking medication overdoses and treatment courses too long, avoid frequent medication or mixed application of multiple drugs; pay attention to the possibility of drug-induced liver damage in the original disease, and patients with liver and kidney dysfunction should pay attention to reducing doses, etc.
I hope the general public will know more about safe medication and understand the principles of safe medication:
1. Priority use of basic medication . Unreasonable use of medicine can affect health and even endanger life.
2. The medication should be followed by the principle of not using it if you can, not using it if you can use it less, not using it more often, and not taking it orally without intramuscular injection, and not intramuscular injection without intramuscular injection.
3. You must go to legal medical institutions and pharmacies to distinguish between prescription drugs and over-the-counter drugs. Prescription drugs must be purchased based on prescriptions by practicing physicians.
4. Reading the drug instructions is the prerequisite for correct use of medicine. Pay special attention to the contraindications of the drug, caution, precautions, adverse reactions and interactions between drugs. If you have any questions, please consult a pharmacist or doctor in time.
5. Prescription drugs must strictly follow the doctor's advice and do not use them without authorization. Especially antibacterial and hormone drugs, the dosage cannot be adjusted or discontinued.
6. Any drug has adverse reactions, and long-term and large-scale use of over-the-counter drugs can also lead to adverse consequences. If you have any discomfort during the medication, please consult your doctor or pharmacist in time.
7. Women should pay attention to the contraindications when taking medicine during pregnancy and breastfeeding; children, the elderly and patients with liver, kidney and other diseases should take the medicine with caution and observe after taking the medicine; those engaged in special occupations such as driving and high-altitude operations should pay attention to the impact of the medicine on their work.
8. The storage of drugs should be scientific and proper to prevent the drugs from deteriorating or ineffective due to improper storage; beware of contact between children and mentally abnormal people. If they take or use them by mistake, bring the drugs and packaging for medical treatment in a timely manner.
9. Vaccination is the most effective and economical measure to prevent some infectious diseases. The country provides free Class I vaccines.
allows doctors and patients to work together so that the drug can achieve the maximum effect.
#Pharmaceutical Health Super Group#
Pharmaceutical Network@Pharmaceutical Health —China's leading Internet pharmacist group, with members covering 31 provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) across the country, with 6,000 real-name hospital pharmacist + doctor community. Member unit of Beijing Science and Technology Journalists and Editors Association, settled in Wuxi Health Internet of Things Innovation Center, Tencent News Outstanding Industry Observer in 2019, and Toutiao's most influential organization in 2020.
