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Many people believe that insulin is a lifesaving hormone , which is the only hypoglycemic hormone in the body.
Because it can transport sugar in the blood to cells, it is life-saving for diabetes people.
However, insulin problems have begun to be discovered in recent years.
As the incidence of chronic diseases increases, Hyperinsulinemia was found to be the culprit of metabolic syndrome.
This made this lifesaver hormone suddenly become the fatal enemy of .
We Chinese people pay the most attention to The doctrine of the mean . This extreme change should cause us to think deeply about what role is insulin?
The importance of insulin
Insulin is secreted by pancreatic beta cells, which helps the body transport glucose into cells to use as hormones for cell fuel.
In the absence of insulin, the cells do not have enough energy.
If there is no insulin, excessive carbohydrate intake will lead to long-term high blood sugar levels, which may be life-threatening.
When you eat foods containing glucose, or any other carbohydrate , the pancreas secretes insulin so that the glucose absorbed by cells is used to metabolize in cells.
Insulin is crucial to cell metabolism, and without , individuals will die.
In patients with diabetes, the pancreas cannot secrete insulin, so the cells cannot obtain enough glucose for cell metabolism.
In html type 12 diabetes patients, there is usually enough insulin secretion; however, cells are resistant to insulin and glucose cannot enter the cells for cell metabolism.
If diabetes is not controlled, glucose will accumulate in the blood, not be passed to cells, nor will it be stored in the liver as glycogen .
This can damage many body organs and tissues, including eyes, nerves, blood vessels and kidneys.
In addition to lowering blood sugar, it has many other benefits:
→Insulin improves brain and nerve function
Insulin can enter the brain through the blood-brain barrier and exert its effect through the brain insulin receptor.
In several clinical trials, insulin improved cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment , especially improved memory .
It also reduces the marker of Alzheimer's disease tau-P181/Aβ42.
In 2 clinical trials of 40 healthy people, the results of insulin showed that improved memory and brain function .
A hormone similar to insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) , is associated with cognitive function in the elderly and may mediate the beneficial effects of exercise on the brain.
In test tubes, insulin and IGF1 and IGF2 stimulate the growth of brain and nerve cells ; in rats, IGF2 promotes the regeneration of damaged motor nerves .
→Optimize cardiac function
Insulin resistance is related to the increase in the incidence of hypertension and coronary heart disease . In many clinical trials for heart failure patients, infusion of insulin, glucose and potassium can improve cardiac pumping function .
Insulin forces the muscles in the arterial wall to relax, thereby increasing blood flow; human studies have observed that after insulin administration, myocardial blood flow increases .
In a cell-based study, insulin increased the production and secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).
appropriate amount of insulin, and also increase cyclized nucleotides (cGMP) through , inhibiting the formation of platelets , which may reduce the risk of thrombosis .
→Help synthesis of muscle
A meta-analysis of found that insulin will increase the intake of amino acid , thereby increasing the synthesis of protein in muscles and reducing the decomposition of muscle protein . This is why bodybuilders like to use glucose to increase insulin.
Insulin-mediated glycogen production in muscles is the main way for diabetics and healthy people to utilize glucose.
However, due to insulin resistance, diabetic patients have poor effect in utilizing glucose.
In a small clinical trial, insulin also leads to an increase in muscle blood flow through the nitric oxide pathway .
→regulate protein metabolism and promote growth
In one trial, insulin increased the secretion of gastric acid ; in another trial of 9 healthy people, although insulin did not increase the secretion of gastric acid, improved the secretion of digestive enzyme pepsin .
Insulin is an anabolic hormone that mainly affects the metabolism of carbohydrates. Therefore, insulin does not participate in the digestive process, but indeed is also involved in the metabolism of protein .
Insulin, on the one hand, promotes the uptake of amino acids by cells and the synthesis of proteins by . On the other hand, inhibits the decomposition of proteins by , thus conducive to growth.
The protein synthesis effect of adenopituitary growth hormone must be promoted. Insulin must be present to manifest . Therefore, insulin is also one of the indispensable hormones for growth. In addition to regulating protein metabolism to promote growth, studies have shown that insulin can also increase the activity of osteoblasts in test tubes and promote bone health.
High insulin level, 4 major side effects
Although insulin is an indispensable hormone for healthy people and diabetic patients, if the insulin level is too high, it will also cause you trouble.
→Insulin promotes fat storage and makes you fat
Insulin, an important hormone, can regulate blood sugar levels, help absorb glucose, and control the fat formation process.
As a synthetic hormone, it triggers body fat storage.
Insulin stimulates the conversion of fatty acids into fat molecules , which are stored in the body in the form of fat droplets.
When you tend to eat a lot of carbohydrates, especially refined starch , such as rice, noodles, cookies, etc., and sugary food , such as cakes and milk tea, it triggers the pancreas to release insulin.
When the blood contains excessive calories and glucose, they are stored in liver and muscle cells.
Once this is stored full of , insulin will convert glucose into fat and store them by producing new adipocytes .
→Increase the risk of cancer
Since insulin is a growth factor , the high insulin level in cells, will trigger faster cell division , and the elevated sugar and fat levels, will provide more metabolic fuel .
In this process, some cells lose control of their DNA regulatory genes, a marker of malignant tumors.
As a growth factor, insulin naturally stimulates cells to grow . However, once cancer cells appear, excessive insulin will lead to excessive stimulation. Through a variety of basic biochemical signaling pathways, promotes the proliferation, migration and invasiveness of cancer cells.
Even if a very small amount of insulin is applied to cell cultures in a single time, it will produce enough toxicity oxidative stress to destroy the DNA strand .
extended exposure for 6 days can reduce the insulin concentration required to induce this injury by 10 times, indicating the extreme risk of long-term increase in insulin in the body.
→Hyperinsulinemia increases the risk of vascular obstruction
If blood sugar levels are often high, the body must release additional insulin, which may lead to long-term hyperinsulin level , which is called hyperinsulinemia .
Hyperinsulinemia is associated with vascular complications of diabetes, including atherosclerosis .
Long-term insulin treatment can cause blood vessel damage by promoting the deposition of lipid substances in the arterial wall, and insulin can also cause thickening of the arterial wall.
In the epidemiological study of type 2 diabetes, it has been observed that adding insulin to the treatment regimen or strengthening insulin treatment will lead to higher incidence of cardiovascular events.
→Overuse of insulin can lead to hypoglycemia and is life-threatening
Many patients with diabetes will use low doses of insulin to help control blood sugar, but if insulin is overinjected, it may be very dangerous.
Injection of too much insulin can lead to low blood sugar levels, which is called hypoglycemia; hypoglycemia is the most common and most serious side effect of using insulin .
Symptoms of hypoglycemia include: fainting, trembling, hunger, sweating , may even lead to confusion, seizures , coma and death .
The key skin dragon says
insulin is the only hypoglycemic hormone in the human body. Excessive blood sugar for a long time will bring serious health consequences, and insulin is indispensable.
In addition to this, insulin also helps us grow muscles, promote protein absorption, helps improve brain and nerve function, and heart health.
Insulin is a synthetic hormone. If you have excessive , you will become fat, have a long-term high insulin level, and will also damage blood vessel health and increase cancer risk.
For diabetic patients, be more careful not to overuse insulin to avoid hypoglycemia, which may even endanger life in severe cases.
For most healthy people, I think the most important thing to pay attention to is to control excessive insulin levels, eat less refined carbohydrates in , and supplement high-quality fat and appropriate amounts of protein.
Also, intake of some special ingredients to help improve insulin sensitivity.
