HIV post-exposure prophylaxis
refers to a method for people who are not yet infected with HIV
to take specific antiviral drugs as early as possible (no more than 72 hours) after being exposed to a high risk of infection
to reduce the risk of HIV infection
Guest in this issue: Shanghai Disease Prevention Chief Physician, Deputy Director of the Tuberculosis and AIDS Prevention and Control Center of the Control Center Ning Town
In this case, you need to use AIDS post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)!
PEP is a method for individuals who test negative for HIV antibodies to take timely preventive drugs to block HIV infection after possible high risk of HIV exposure. Early use of PEP is recommended for anyone who has had an exposure that could lead to HIV infection.
Sources of exposure include persons with actual or potential HIV infection.
PEP is applicable to men who have sex with men and transgender women, negative partners of HIV-infected persons, intravenous drug users, other high-risk heterosexuals, sexual assault victims, etc. These are all applicable groups of PEP.
But at the same time, there are a few points to note: (can be used only if all five points are met)
①Age 18 years and above, guardian consent is required for those under 18 years old;
②HIV antibody test is negative;
③Exposure time does not exceed 72 hours;
④Exposure source and behavior assessment The analysis suggests that the inquirer has a higher risk of HIV infection;
⑤ agrees to take medication on time, ensure compliance, and participate in follow-up testing on time.
In order to ensure the effectiveness of PEP implementation, the suitability of the inquirer must be assessed before PEP is implemented and followed up after implementation. How does
use PEP?
PEP Blocking medications should be taken within 72 hours of suspected HIV infection.
The sooner you take the medicine, the better the blocking effect. You need to take it for 28 days .
The public in need can go to the Dermatology Department of Minhang District Central Hospital during working hours from Monday to Friday for evaluation and prescription. With the prescription, blockers can be purchased at the Xindong Pharmacy near the hospital, or online at Jingdong Blocking drugs can be purchased at pharmacies, the Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center in Jinshan District, and the Shanghai Qingai Dermatology Clinic in Daning, Jing'an District. HIV self-test reagents can also be purchased at Xindong Pharmacy.
I would like to remind everyone that once the HIV self-test result is abnormal, please go to the Minhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention or various community health service center rapid test points for re-examination for further confirmation. How effective is the blocking effect of
PEP?
Scientific research shows that post-exposure blockade can reduce the risk of HIV infection by more than 80%.
The longer the interval between the first dose and the exposure, the lower the success rate of blockade. It is not recommended to use PEP for more than 72 hours. It should be noted that those who take medication regularly every day will achieve better blocking effects than those who miss doses.
According to statistics, HIV seroconversion may still occur after using blocking drugs. The main reason is failure to insist on taking blocking drugs or continuing to engage in high-risk behaviors while taking drugs.
PEP What are the side effects?
Generally speaking, PEP is very safe, and about 90% of users will not experience any side effects. Another 10% of users may experience short-term mild gastrointestinal symptoms (such as diarrhea, nausea, decreased appetite, abdominal pain, or flatulence) and dizziness and headache when starting to take the drug. These symptoms usually resolve within a few weeks and do not require discontinuation of PEP use. In addition, individual PEP users may have their kidney function affected, and health care providers may ask them to suspend PEP use if this occurs.
Tips
Typically, PEP users go through a complete and concise medical evaluation process.
If you pass the evaluation, you can start taking the medicine at the first visit and complete all clinical and laboratory tests. The test results will be given within 1-2 working days. Based on this, you can decide whether to continue taking the medicine or adjust the medicine. plan. Although users need to take medication every day, taking PEP every day is simple as long as it is connected with other daily tasks.
