Author: Zhao Xiaoming Editing and typesetting: Yunma Cui Guanli
Xiaoming's quotations:
When we are young, we should allow ourselves to make mistakes, because we have the capital to make mistakes.
As we grow older, we should allow ourselves to make mistakes, because mistakes are like life itself.
Life is a practice of one error after another. If you continue to make mistakes, you will be right.
Before learning psychology, we must first build a scientific framework.
First of all, in psychology, we call everything that can be tested repeatedly as science , there is nothing wrong with it.
And some of the research results that you usually know,There are even some psychology research results that were once authoritative classics, which have been overturned in the past two years because they cannot meet the standard of repeatable tests.
1. Establish basic scientific principles
When doing psychological counseling, we have to establish some _strong3span4 _strong6span4 _strong6span4 span4 _strong6 span4 _strong6 span4 span.
If you don't have this principle, you will learn psychology completely, and you will always be a layman in the end, and you will not be able to enter the door for many years, so we first build a foundation from science.
The more scientific basis in psychology comes from the research of medicine and genetics. Why does say that?
Because genetics and medical research are carried out in accordance with rigorous natural science research.
And there are some researches in psychology, which are not researches of natural sciences, but only a theoretical hypothesis.
So some research results from genetics and medicine are applied to psychology,Reliability is very strong, and it meets scientific standards.
Repeatable tests are called scientific standards.
The first thing we are going to explain to you today is to do psychological counseling and understand what is necessary for psychological counseling to be a repeatable experiment, that is, we have to understand human beings.
What kind of person has he become from birth to the end, and what factors affect all of this?
This problem is actually . A core problem of psychological counseling is what factors affect a person?
What factors make a person sick, and what factors make a person better? This is what we must understand.
2, placebo effect
In the past, everyone learned a lot of subjects, or participated in some training, and the teacher would tell you: "Span6span."
Are these things effective?
it definitely works,This part may not be an effect other than the placebo effect of , which means that the effectiveness of may only be a placebo effect , and it will return to its original shape soon after the placebo effect ends.
You have also done a lot of training, and you have even received psychological consultations given to you by others, including some that you like to learn, which are widely spread in China and do not belong to the training category of scientific psychology.
Most of these are placebo effects, not things that can really produce therapeutic effects.
can produce a therapeutic effect, we call it the healing factor .
Placebo is of course also a healing factor, but the effect of placebo will slowly fade.
For example, Freud gave people psychological counseling at the earliest time. He put his hand on his forehead to hypnotize people and remind people of childhood.
After hypnotizing people, he found that the patients with hysteria soon recovered.
Then he began to use hypnosis to give these people psychological counseling and treat hysteria.
At that time, the hysteria was mainly the gui upper body that we often see in rural areas today.It was hysterical.
But it will get better immediately after hypnosis, the effect is very obvious, so Freud used this method. But later Freud did not use this method, why not?
He found that these people would repeat.
repeats after it gets better, so why does it repeat?
Because is not a real healing factor , just because he was hypnotized, he will temporarily get better after being hypnotized.
3. Empathy effect
The most common healing factor in psychological counseling is called empathy effect .
The empathy effect is, if you trust me, Zhao Xiaoming, treat me as an expert.
If you still trust me more and treat me as an authority,Then I will give you psychological counseling at this time, and I will be effective for you.
Including many people on the scene, I will give you a psychological consultation, which will be effective at this time, but it will not be effective soon after returning.
Because of this effect, it is called empathy healing.
That is to say it is because of the empathy effect produced by empathy temporary healing .
Freud also discovered this empathy effect when he was consulting people.
For example, if a man gives counseling to a woman, the woman will be well soon here. But as long as this woman doesn't come here and doesn't see him, there will be repetitions.
So Freud called this healing Temporary improvement .
temporary healing is also called the empathy effect,Also called empathic healing.
These treatment effects, you have participated in a lot of training in the past, and you find that the magical things do not have much value in our psychological consultation.
Because it cannot be the most true, or final, or long-lasting healing for a person.
So this is why in psychological counseling, we often call a lot of things that everyone has learned . The psychological reason for counterfeiting.
4. Reasons for each consulting genre
Here is another piece of knowledge for everyone.
During the Second World War, after American soldiers returned from the war, many people suffered from war trauma. War trauma is also called cannonball phobia .
Because the bomb is loud, it has a huge impact on people's brain nerves, and many people have a traumatic sequelae.
After a large number of veterans came back,The Americans should give them psychological counseling, including the extensive use of morphine in the later wars.
Our country’s soldiers did not have these drugs during wars in the past, and Liu Bocheng did not have anesthetics for surgery.
This shows that Chinese soldiers have strong perseverance, but American soldiers do not have such strong perseverance. They all rely on morphine.
The soldiers who came back from joining the army are actually drug addicted.
The United States has basically been fighting for more than two centuries since the founding of the country, so the war has suffered a lot.
The US government wants to bear the trauma of war for these soldiers, and they have established a veterans committee to be responsible for the healing of veterans who encounter the trauma of .
This time we will recruit the healing social worker group from the society, and they will be tested when they are recruited.
Can they give these people advice? Or it's just a temporary effect that can't last.
So the United States established an expert committee at that time, conducted long-term identification and research on the effects of all these psychological counseling schools.
In the process of long-term identification and research, some genres have been eliminated because their effects are indeed temporary and cannot be sustained.
Some genre methods do not conform to the principles of psychology , or superstitious, or some other suggestive effects, and some religious therapies, these suggestive effects cannot be sustained, cannot produce real psychological counseling and healing for people , so these genres have been eliminated by the US government.
The US government later adopted this method to formally determine which psychological consultations are formal and which psychological consultations cannot be called formal psychological consultations.
but the United States,Because it is a capitalist country, these irregulars are only restricted to not allow the practice of medicine, and it is not restricted to do some propaganda, including some lectures, as long as they do not practice medicine, it is okay not to participate in these projects of the US military. .
So these things are transformed into life mentor projects to give people life guidance.
These projects that give people life guidance have entered China again.
So, why I often say that the reason why you learn a lot of genres is not formal here, because American committees have identified which genres are unreliable.
When you are studying psychological counseling, what you have to learn is actually four schools. The core of these four schools has an effect on people, which is what I will tell you. Five technologies.
So you now see that the five major technologies come out like this.
What are the four genres?
The first is the cognitive genre, which is adjusts people’s cognition ; _span_span_span_span6 p0
The third is the genre of psychoanalysis ;
The fourth includes humanism, postmodernism,Existentialism, Gestalt, these small genres together form the fourth genre.
Everyone must keep in mind that these are the four effective schools of psychological counseling recognized all over the world. You can to learn the four schools.
You learned a lot of training outside, or they took some of the things from the four major genres and changed their faces and added some private goods, and added some of their own things. Finally, this genre is not like it.
So you have to learn Learn from other ancestors, learn from other people's foundations, don't learn randomly.
Xiaoming’s quotations:
strong3span 4span is the biggest war that humans create because they don’t need to attack.
As for the instinct of this attack,Whether it points toward destruction or toward art depends on whether we hate more or love more.
Original public account: Heart Partner (ID: xhbeap)
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