After the Japanese invaded and occupied the Northeast, they carried out cruel colonial rule. In order to suppress the resistance of the broad masses of people and consolidate their rule, a set of cruel ruling system Baojia system was established in urban and rural areas. The chiefs of the Baojia were all filled by landlords and bullies. They ran into trespasses with the Japanese invaders, cruelly blackmailed, bullied the people, and committed no evil. A large number of secret agents and police are scattered all over the corners, doing evil and cruelty to the people. Under the savage fascist rule, the Manchu and Han people were in panic all day long and could not rest. If you are not careful, you are in danger of being caught and detained.
(1) Grasping labor
Grasping labor is the most serious to the working people. Those who were forced to work hard in the "North Manchuria" winter, dressed in single clothes, had to do fifteen or six hours of work every day, and they ate acorn noodles and wotou. Therefore, those who go there are lucky to be able to survive. People here say that "workers are death," and those who survive are also escaped from the dead. For example, Zhao Guangyi, Zhao Kunyi, Gui Qingzhi (all Manchus) of Zhongshuiquan were arrested as laborers, and even Zhao Yuge (Manchu), who was in his 50s, was not spared. Zhao Zhangxu was arrested as a laborer in the city and later died. Erdaogou Zhao Yuqi (Manchu)'s younger brother escaped because of unbearable hard labor, so the Japanese captured his second uncle, who was more than 60 years old. Zhao Yuqi then served in the place of the old man and died of overwork. Liu Yongwu from Nakamura said: “When Bai Jiake (Manchu) and I were working at the light metal factory in Fushun, we slept for three years in a shop lined with ash tubes, covered with lime bags. Once, the labor captain put the face of Bai Jiake on the face. It was swollen and hit him on the ground again, and hit the palm of his hand with a board." Bai Jiake died there because of this. Erdaogou Zhao Yuyan (Manchu) was put in a labor force in February 1944. His mother returned to her natal house and sold the ruined house to others, so that the family broke up.
(2) Picking "national soldiers" and "diligence"
In order to expand the war of aggression and strengthen its rule, Japanese imperialism forced the Chinese to act as cannon fodder. Young people who have reached the age of 19 must register first and undergo a physical examination at the age of 20.It is called the "National Soldier" and lasts for 3 years. In fact, all the national soldiers are children of poor families, and those who are wealthy and wealthy are exempted from service if they study outside or serve in the Puppet Manchukuo regime. In Xiaodonggou and Zhongmu, the seven selected as national soldiers, none of them are children of the rich. Those who fail the inspection of the "National Soldier" are regarded as "industrious." Each person issued a pamphlet and ordered to go into service the following year. Industrious service is a kind of unpaid labor that is organized and militarized. It lasts for 3 years, starting in May of each year, and working hard for six months.
As a hardworking person, there is nothing but a set of yellow clothes and a pair of shoes. 10 days before the start of service, receive special military training and learn Japanese. In the establishment, there are 20 members in a squad, 60 members in a squadron, 240 members in a squadron, and 1,000 members in a brigade. People are burdened with heavy physical labor from two in the middle of the night to ten in the morning, and from three in the afternoon to ten in the evening. Although it is called three meals a day, each meal can only have one bowl of porridge and half a bowl of vegetables. Zhongmu Bai Hengshun (Manchu) was so hungry that he searched for raw sweet potatoes, tomatoes, onions and potatoes to satisfy his hunger. In 1943, when the railway from Harbin to Dalian was built, a section of the day was designated. If the task was not completed, it would be beaten with whipping. There were power grids around the construction site. If there is a little resistance, they will be tortured even more.
(3) "grain paid", excessive taxes, and rationing system
Economically, the working people of Manchu and Han were subjected to double cruel extortion by Japanese invaders and feudal landlords.
① "Delivery grain": It is an extremely cruel and harsh means of plundering peasants by Japanese imperialism. The grains grown by the farmers must not be sold as they have been, and they are purchased by the "Xingnong Cooperative", which is called the "trading market." The quantity sold is determined by the quantity produced in each village. The stipulated price is 1 yuan and 5 cents for a bucket, which is equal to the price of a catty in the city market, which is a difference of as much as 30 times.
②Excessive taxes and taxes: Baojiachang and landlords often put the grains they should bear on the farmers, which adds to the burden on the farmers. At the same time, there is a method of "compensating the load", that is, adding an extra to the original "delivery" amount. During the Japanese puppet rule,The working people also have to pay a variety of exorbitant taxes, such as national class, insurance premiums, police fees, accumulated grain, official grass, official materials, portal taxes, head tax, labor fees, union fees, etc., to rule Layers of extortion were made, and the people couldn't bear it.
③ rationing system : During the Japanese rule, a large amount of materials from the northeast were transported back to the country or used for war, while the reactionary "rationing system" was implemented for the people of the northeast. In rural areas, there is no fixed time for rationing, but a fixed amount. All daily necessities must be rationed, such as oil, salt, rice, flour, cloth, matches, cigarettes, soap, etc., are all included in the ration. The people who control the rationing in the village are all scum of ethnic groups. For example, Zhou Renqiao at the Zhongshuiquan rationing station is deceiving others and exploiting them to get rich. The rations received by ordinary people are pitifully small and of extremely poor quality. Everyday matches can’t be used, so farmers have to fire a cord. The rationed rehabilitation cloth has a bright surface color, but it breaks as soon as it is worn.
4) Enslavement education
The Japanese imperialists delusioned to occupy the Northeast forever, and stepped up the training of their loyal slaves as a tool to rule the people of the Northeast, so they implemented fascist enslavement education. In addition to newspapers, books, and broadcasts full of reactionary propaganda about "China-Japan Friendship" and "Great East Asia New Order," they also forced people to learn Japanese. Not only do you generally have to learn Japanese for "hardworking", what is more vicious is that children are also forced to learn in elementary schools. At that time, the Zhongshuiquan Elementary School run by the Japanese invaders forced students to learn Japanese by various means and even beatings.
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