According to media reports, on September 17, the capital name of Kazakhstan was changed to Astana again. For a long time, the capital of Kazakhstan was located in the southeast of the country, in the north of the Tianshan Mountains. Later, in order to consolidate the stability and integrity of the country and optimize the population layout, the capital was moved to Astana, a city in northern Kazakhstan. Although after 20 or 30 years of development, Almaty is still the largest city in the Kazakh country, Astana has also developed into a modern metropolis.
Many people only know Kazakhstan in Central Asia. What is its economic and trade cooperation relationship with China? This is what many of our netizens want to know. Let me talk about some Kazakhstan knowledge we should know.
1, population
Kazakhstan's national population has increased from less than 10 million in 1960 to the current population size of 19 million, making it the largest country in Central Asia with the largest land area. A country with a population of 19 million and rich resources has great market potential in the future.
2. Import and export situation
Kazakhstan is a pure landlocked country. Both economic and trade land or sea transportation with external economic and trade must pass through other countries, so Kazakhstan Import and export trade must establish good cooperative relations with other countries.
According to data released by the Kazakhstan Trade Policy Development Center, Kazakhstan's trade volume in the first half of 2022 was US$63.7 billion, an increase of 39.3% over the same period last year (US$45.7 billion).
Among them, Kazakhstan's exports increased by 56.3%, reaching US$42.2 billion. The increase in exports is formed by an increase in supply of goods: crude oil (growth 84.7%), uranium (growth 220%), ferroalloy (growth 57%), wheat (growth 54.1%), copper and cathode copper (growth 16.5%), and hard coal (growth 210%). It can be seen that Kazakh exports are mainly bulk raw materials commodities, especially energy, minerals and grain.
From January to June 2022, Kazakhstan's imports increased by 14.6%, reaching US$21.4 billion. Among the imported goods, the import volume of the following goods has increased: automobile bodies (250%), retail medicines (36.9%), other ferrous metal products (220%), copper ore and concentrate (530%), etc. It can be seen that consumer goods are growing rapidly in the Kazakh market.
3. Cooperation with China's Belt and Road Initiative
Many people may not imagine what Kazakhstan should do if it exports mineral metals to Japan and South Korea? What should I do if Kazakhstan wants to export wheat to Malaysia , Vietnam ?
After China advocates international cooperation on the Belt and Road, all the problems of Kazakhstan's export logistics and transportation have been solved. Kazakhstan and China have carried out in-depth strategic cooperation on the Belt and Road Initiative. In 2014, they established and operated the China-Kazakhstan Lianyungang Logistics Cooperation Base in Lianyungang . The operation of this base adopts an efficient logistics full-stack closed customs clearance model.
According to data statistics from the customs department, since its operation in 2014, the China-Kazakhstan Lianyungang Logistics Cooperation Base has launched more than 4,659 China-Europe freight trains, completing 414,200 standard containers, and leading the transit volume in the country. The train routes have gradually expanded from the five Central Asian countries to Turkey , Germany, Russia and other countries, covering 104 international freight stations. From January to August this year, the China-Kazakhstan Lianyungang Logistics Cooperation Base has launched 509 trains, an increase of 25.9% year-on-year.
Relying on the "dual hubs" of China-Kazakhstan sea and land, more than 80% of the daily consumer goods imported by Kazakhstan and other advantageous trade goods exported by mineral products, grain, etc., are distributed through Lianyun Port Port.
The China-Europe Express train from Lianyungang is loaded with 50 vehicles of auto parts, mechanical products, and household goods, and has more than 4,000 kilometers. It usually takes more than ten days to reach Almaty, Kazakhstan.
, and the China-Europe International Freight Train loaded with various minerals, metal alloys and grains from Kazakhstan can be quickly transported to Lianyungang in just over ten days, and then loaded from Lianyungang Port and transported to Japan, South Korea and Southeast Asian countries by sea.
Kazakhstan's Sino-Kazakhstan Lianyungang logistics cooperation base for cooperation with China can be said to be the interconnection platform of " Maritime Silk Road " to the east and the "land Silk Road" to the west, making Kazakhstan a regional logistics transfer center for major countries in Central Asia. This is the national development opportunity created by close cooperation with China's Belt and Road Initiative.
