Source: People's Health Network
National Health Commission official website screenshot
People's Daily Online, Beijing, May 28 (Zhang Wenting) Today, the National Health Commission released a scientific knowledge on its official website for the adverse reactions of the new coronavirus vaccine vaccination. A detailed answer was given on the public's concern about what adverse reactions are, why a few people may have adverse reactions after vaccination, how individuals deal with abnormal reactions, and how my country can carry out adverse reaction monitoring.
1. What is a suspected abnormal reaction to vaccination? What situations are included?
AdverseEventFollowingImmunization (AEFI) refers to the suspected response or event related to vaccination that occurs after vaccination.
According to the cause of occurrence, AEFI can eventually be divided into five categories, including adverse reactions, vaccine quality accidents, vaccination accidents, coincidental diseases, and psychogenic reactions.
2. What are adverse reactions to vaccines?
Adverse reactions to vaccines refer to reactions caused by the characteristics of the vaccine itself, related to individual differences in the recipient, and have nothing to do with the purpose of vaccination, including general and abnormal reactions. Generally, reactions mainly refer to transient reactions caused by the inherent characteristics of the vaccine itself, such as symptoms such as fever, local redness, swelling, and nodules. Abnormal reactions mainly refer to adverse reactions that cause damage to the tissues and organs or functions of the recipient, and are rare, such as acute and severe allergic reactions.
3. Why do a few people have adverse reactions after vaccination? After vaccination, while inducing the human immune system to produce protective power for specific diseases, a few recipients may have adverse reactions after vaccination due to the biological characteristics of the vaccine itself and the differences between individual recipients.
4. What exactly does the abnormal reaction of vaccination refer to?
Abnormal reaction to vaccination refers to adverse reactions that are not at fault for the subject's tissues and organs and functions of qualified vaccines during or after the standardized vaccination is implemented, and no relevant parties are at fault. It is particularly emphasized that there are three factors here: one is that there are consequences of damage; two is that no parties are at fault; and three is that there is a causal relationship between the damage result and vaccination.
5. What measures do individuals usually need to take after abnormal reactions?
If you suspect that it is an abnormal reaction after vaccination, you must go to the hospital for diagnosis and treatment in time and consult and report to the vaccination clinic, medical institution or disease control agency. For those who need investigation, diagnosis or identification, the recipient shall provide previous medical history, medical records and other relevant materials as required and cooperate with subsequent related work.
6. What situations do not belong to abnormal reactions to vaccination?
(I) General reaction after vaccination caused by the characteristics of the vaccine itself;
(II) Damage to the recipient due to vaccine quality problems;
(III) Damage to the recipient due to violation of vaccination work standards, immunization procedures, vaccine use guidelines, and vaccination plans;
(IV) The recipient is in the incubation period or prodromal period of a certain disease at the time of vaccination, and the disease occurs in a coincidence after vaccination;
(V) The recipient has vaccination taboos specified in the vaccine instructions, and the recipient or his guardian did not truthfully provide the recipient's health status and vaccination taboos, and the recipient's original disease recurs or worsens after vaccination;
(V) Psychogenic reactions of individuals or groups due to psychological factors.
7. How is adverse reaction monitoring in my country carried out?
The specific practices of adverse reaction monitoring in my country include clarifying the responsible reporting unit, responsible Reporter, Report Content, Report Time limit, and Specifying the circumstances that require the initiation of the investigation. Among them, the diagnosis of abnormal reactions must be completed by the investigation and diagnosis expert group, and the identification must be completed by provincial and municipal medical associations. Monitoring work is achieved through monitoring information systems, and disease control agencies and drug adverse reaction monitoring agencies realize information sharing. Disease control agencies and drug adverse reaction monitoring agencies at all levels will also conduct regular analysis and evaluation of the monitoring information. If major events occur, timely analysis and evaluation will be carried out.
8. What is the monitoring level of adverse vaccination reactions in my country?
my country's adverse reaction monitoring work started in 2005. With the development and deepening of the work, the level of monitoring of adverse reactions of vaccines has been greatly improved. In 2011 and 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) evaluated the adverse reaction monitoring function in my country's national vaccine supervision system, and all monitoring indicators met or exceeded the WHO evaluation standards.
9. What is a psychogenic reaction?
Psychogenic reaction refers to the reactions caused by psychological factors of the recipient after vaccination. They are mainly caused by psychological stress, anxiety, etc. during vaccination. There is no organic damage and has nothing to do with the characteristics of the vaccine itself. Some are manifestations of "deafinger" and some are manifestations of "hysteria". Popular psychogenic reactions may occur during mass vaccination activities.
10. What is the coupling reaction?
Coupling (coupling reaction) refers to the incubation period of a disease or the early stage of the disease during vaccination, and the disease occurs coincidentally after vaccination. Therefore, coupling (coupling reaction) is not caused by vaccination, has nothing to do with vaccines, and does not belong to adverse reactions after vaccination. Sometimes, the coincidence symptoms after vaccination cannot be judged immediately, and the disease control agency needs to verify or investigate after the report.
11. What are the main adverse reactions to the new coronavirus vaccination?
Judging from the results of the clinical trials of the new coronavirus vaccine, the information collected from the emergency use period and large-scale population use after conditional marketing, my country's new coronavirus vaccine has good safety.
General reactions in the adverse reactions of the new coronavirus vaccine are mainly manifested in local reactions such as redness, swelling, nodules, pain at the vaccination site, systemic reactions such as fever, fatigue, and headache. They are transient and mild physical reactions and usually do not require treatment. Judging from the results of the clinical trials of the new coronavirus vaccine, the information collected from large-scale population use during emergency use and after conditional marketing, the occurrence of common adverse reactions to the new coronavirus vaccine in my country is basically similar to other vaccines that have been widely used, and most of them are general reactions.
Abnormal reactions in the adverse reactions of the new coronavirus vaccine mainly refer to the related reactions that cause organ or function damage to the recipient. They are often manifested as acute and severe allergic reactions, and they rarely occur and require timely treatment.
12. Who will report adverse reactions to the new coronavirus vaccine?
If the recipient suspects that discomfort symptoms may be related to the new coronavirus vaccination, they can report to the vaccination unit, or to the county-level disease control agency or drug adverse reaction monitoring agency where the vaccination unit is located. If the public cannot determine whether the symptoms are related to vaccination, they can consult the vaccination unit.
Vaccination units, medical institutions, disease control institutions, drug adverse reaction monitoring institutions, and vaccine manufacturers are the responsible reporting units for the adverse reactions of the new coronavirus vaccination. The medical staff of the responsible reporting unit and the staff engaged in the monitoring of adverse vaccine reactions are the responsible reporters. After receiving or receiving reports of suspected abnormal reactions in vaccination, those who meet the requirements of the monitoring and disposal plan shall be reported through the monitoring information system.
This article comes from [People's Health Network] and only represents the author's views. The National Party Media Information Public Platform provides information release and dissemination services.
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