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is it a blessing or a disaster?
Author | Xiao Haimi
Source | Medical Neurology Channel
Every child who comes to this world is like a little angel, white and flawless...
But there are some babies who will have special marks on their skin when they are born. They are some pigment spots of varying numbers, commonly known as " birthmark ".
If pigment spots do not occur in the head and face, such as the head and face, they often do not attract the attention of parents, and some people will even be complacent and think that their children are different.
birthmark is the "kiss mark" of an angel,
or the "claw mark" of a demon?
From a medical point of view, some birthmarks are worrying signs of diseases, which may be related to some diseases [1]. The following are several birthmarks, which are all "codes" given to us by neurological diseases.
coffee milk spots
Babies can see some light brown patches when they are born, which looks like the color of coffee milk (make it up for yourself), so it is commonly known as "coffee milk spots". This plaque does not protrude from the skin, has clear boundaries, varying in size, and is oval or other shapes. It is mostly found in the trunk and limbs, and rarely appears on the face.
Normal children sometimes have 1 to 2 coffee and milk spots, but more than two account for only 0.75%. If there are 6 or more coffee milk spots with a transverse diameter of more than 1~5 cm, you should consider the possibility of (Neurofibromatosis, NF) in the future [2].
In related studies, among the 22 patients with central nervous system NF, 21 cases had cutaneous neurofibroma, and 15 cases had coffee milk spots [3]. Therefore, parents must pay attention to babies with such pigment spots on a large scale.
Image source: Visual China
Facial hemangifibroma
When a child is 1 to 4 years old, some needle-sized papules or small nodules that are as big as pea, reddish-brown or waxy, appear near his nasolabial fold, which means he may have facial hemangifibroma. They will expand to the cheeks, forehead, jaw, etc., and occasionally appear on the eyelids. As we age, the number of hemangifibromas gradually increases.
When this hemangifibroma sprouts like mushrooms after a rain, parents should pay attention. Because hemangifibroma is one of the prominent symptoms of tuberous sclerosis (Tuberous sclerosis, TS) .
A study has counted 87 cases of TS, and 82% of patients with this tumor account for. The age for hemangifibroma is the most common before the age of 5, followed by 6 to 10 years old. It is very rare after the age of 10 [4].
Pigment loss
Some children can see pigment loss bloated in infancy, which is white, and some can be seen at birth. The pigment loss spots are irregular in shape or leaf-like, with a size of 0.5~2 cm. Some can also appear as large amounts of white pieces like confetti. 90% of children with TS have such plaques in their infancy [2].
Therefore, parents who have pigmentation deficiencies should also be very vigilant, because your child may suffer from TS.
Image source: Ruijing
Facial Vascular mole
After the child is born, he can find red wine-colored vascular mole on one side of the face. It does not bulge on the skin, and can fade slightly when pressed, and is mainly distributed along the trigeminal nerve, but can also be seen in other parts of the body, such as lips, jaw, nose, gums, etc.
Faceous vascular nevus is common in cerebral facial hemangioma (Strugg-Weber syndrome). The incidence rate of this disease is about 1/(20000~50000), accompanied by localized convulsions, hemiplegia , and mental retardation [2].
Multiple Meroclase
Most children with this melanin mole are found at birth, manifested as many large areas of brown or black patches, and sometimes even cover the entire torso. At this time, we should consider whether there is neurocutaneous melanosis (NCM) possible .
NCM manifests as primary melanin lesions, accompanied by congenital huge skin melanin nevus, and meningeal lesions are particularly prone to malignant changes [5]. When a child develops central nervous system symptoms, it mainly manifests as epilepsy, intellectual disability and spinal cord injury, which will cause varying degrees of harm to the body.
Skin reticular cyanosis
Due to occlusion of small and medium arteries, the patient has extensive skin reticular cyanosis. If it is accompanied by neurological diseases such as ischemic stroke, can be diagnosed as Sneddon syndrome (SS) .
This is a rare neurodermatological syndrome that is often misdiagnosed clinically. Neurology often ignores reticular cyanobacteria; dermatology often ignores its neurological symptoms and is diagnosed as "idiopathic reticular cyanobacteria" [6].
Although rare, if children experience this symptom, they should also be taken seriously.
. Do parents want to talk about "spots" and change their qualities?
is not, not all birthmarks are related to neurological diseases. Some children have blue birthmarks, namely Mongolian spots , which looks like bruises that appear after being beaten.
So someone said, did my child be beaten by a doctor?
Image source: Wikipedia
But in fact, it is a kind of congenital skin melanocytosis, a benign, flat congenital birthmark, mostly distributed on the baby's back, waist and buttocks.
So don’t misunderstand the doctor anymore! This kind of "birthmark" sometimes appears on a large scale, but parents don't have to worry, they often fade with age.
key points
says so much, just reminding everyone that when a special situation occurs in the child, you should ask the doctor for advice in a timely and positive manner, and pay attention to the changes in the birthmark with age, and cooperate with the doctor for early treatment in a timely manner.
Quickly in the message area, tell your story, and tell the editor what special marks do you have, right?
I'll do it first, there is a small red dot on my right middle finger. When I was a child, I would fantasize that I was born with red diamonds!
is here.
References:
[1]5 birthmarks represent 5 diseases, "Marriage and Health", 2011
[2] Zhu Futang Practical Pediatrics 8th Edition, People's Health Press
[3] Central nervous system neurofibromatosis, Chinese Journal of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, 1987
[4 Special clinical manifestations and CT observations of tuberous sclerosis, Journal of Practical Internal Medicine, 1988
[5] Clinical and pathological research of neuro-dermal melanosis, Chinese Journal of Neurology, 2004
[6] Report on 1 case of Sneddon syndrome, Journal of Clinical Neurology, 2018
