Recently, the Ministry of Natural Resources issued an announcement from the Ministry of Natural Resources on the inclusion of mines such as Dagang Oilfield Branch of China National Petroleum and Natural Gas Co., Ltd. on the National Green Mine List.
Among them, Shuanghe, Zhaoao and Xiaermen Oilfields in Biyang Sags in Nanxiang Basin, Henan Province and Wangji, Xinzhuang and Yanglou Oilfields in Biyang Sags in Nanxiang Basin, Henan Province are also listed in the public announcement.
Biyang Sink is located between Tanghe County and and Biyang County in southwest Henan. It is a secondary sag in the Nanxiang Basin with an area of about 1,000km². It is a Mesozoic fault-sinking lake basin above the suture belts of the North China plate and the Yangtze plate. The base is the metamorphic rock system of the Qinling Group and the Erlangping Group of the Lower Proterozoic Circle. The sedimentary cover layer is mainly the Neozoic Circle strata, and the upper Cretaceous system of the Mesozoic can be seen locally. The third round of national oil and gas resource evaluation work evaluated the sag resources to be 338 million tons. More than 10 oil fields including Shuanghe, Zhaoao, Xiaermen, Wangji, Xinzhuang have been discovered, and the proven oil geological reserves are 200 million tons.
1. Control of the oil-generating depression
Biyang depression is a slim-shaped fault with south and north superfluous. The activities of Tanghe-Liyuan fault and Biyang-Liyuan fault control the formation and development of faults. The structural pattern can divide the Biyang sag into three secondary tectonic units: the southern steep slope zone, the central sag zone and the northern gentle slope zone. The southern and eastern edges of the sag have been controlled by the tensile activities of the northwest-west-to-Liyuan fault and the northeast-to-east-to-Biyang-Liyuan fault. Therefore, the Anpeng-Andian area in the southeast is both a settlement center and a sedimentary center. The oil production center area is located in the deep concave area controlled at the intersection of the two boundary faults.
Early Tertiary Walnutyuan Formation was the heyday of the development of depression lake basins. A huge set of source rock series was deposited in the deep depression area, with a distribution area of 635km².
2. The tectonic evolution process controls the development and configuration of the reservoir caps
0. The formation of the Biyang depression went through four development periods: the initial development period of the Late Cretaceous period, the main fault period of the Paleogene period, the extrusion and uplift period of the Paleogene period and the Neogene period of the Paleogene period. Among them, the main fault depression period of the Paleogene period is the main pelvic formation period of the Biyang depression, and can be further divided into four development stages: initial fault depression period, stable fault depression period, strong fault depression period and fault depression atrophy to extinction period. A set of deep lake depositions mainly consisting of dark mudstone with thin layers of powder and fine sandstone was deposited in the deep part of the
depression. A series of fan deltas and low-level fan sand bodies of varying sizes such as Yangqiao, Pingshi, Liyuan, and Lishu Concave were developed in the southern and eastern fault edges. The northern slope zones have delta sedimentary sand bodies such as Gucheng, Zhangchang, Wangji, and Houzhuang, becoming the main reservoir cap section of the Biyang depression.
Cross-river oil pipeline
Multiple sand bodies developed during the Walnut Garden Formation extend from the edge of the depression into the effective source rock body of the deep concave oil-generating area in a fan-shaped or finger-shaped manner. The sand layer contacts the oil-generating rock in large areas, making the oil source in the center of the depression have a good conductivity layer and high hydrocarbon discharge efficiency. In addition, the Walnut Orchard Formation is a multi-cyclogenic sedimentation combination, and the vegetation and capping layers are directly vertically connected to each other at multiple places, forming a complete system of vegetation, storage and capping layers crisscrossing and overlapping vertically.
3. Structural controls the formation and distribution of various oil and gas reservoirs
. The biggest feature of the distribution of various oil and gas reservoirs on the plane is that they are controlled by the Cenozoic tectonic banding. Due to different geological conditions in different structural zones, different control factors have their own control factors for the formation of oil and gas reservoir traps, so the types and distribution rules of oil and gas reservoirs are also different.
In fact, the mineral resources in Dabiyang are far more than these. According to the "Biyang County Chronicles", there are many types of mineral resources in Biyang County, including iron, copper, lead, zinc, silver, crystal, flux, flux marble, dolomite , phosphorus and potassium long shallow-grained rock, petroleum, etc. There are dozens of silver caves in front and behind Jiwo Mountain in Biyang County, which are the ruins of silver mines in the Ming Dynasty.
Currently, dozens of types of minerals have been discovered. Among the minerals that identify resource reserves and develop and apply, in addition to petroleum, mainly include granite for finishing, limestone for ash making, basalt for construction, ceramic clay, dolomite, potassium feldspar, and iron ore; secondly, there are minerals such as chromite, fluorite, gold, rutile, and construction sand.
fluorite
Zabiyang is also an important metal and non-metallic mineral base in southern Henan. The potassium-containing rock reserves and grades in the proven minerals rank second in the country; rutile reserves and grades rank among the forefront in Asia.
Redstone Elephant
Biyang's redstone is mostly produced in the rivers and between the surrounding Shigong River and Wufeng Mountain. The colors of redstone are divided into brown, ochre red, and bean green. The Mohs hardness is between 3 and 4, and can be used for engraving. There are many carved inkstones in the Fangcheng area. The red stone is made of red and bean green as the base, and there are mostly pure white and green patterns on it. The patterns are exquisite and in various shapes. Most of them are phoenix eyes, pure rounds, ovals and other pictograms. Some are like mountains, rivers and jungles, some are like flowing clouds and water, and some are like figures, birds and beasts, both of which are different.
seed crystal
we have crystal ore and seed crystals, mainly colorless transparent crystals and smoke crystals . Smoke crystals are divided into tea crystals and ink crystals . The color of the tea crystal is as transparent and clear as tea; the ink crystal is as dark as ink, but it also exudes a glimmer of light. The seed crystals are small like pigeon eggs, and the larger ones weigh several pounds, mostly from the Bishui River and the ancient river channels upstream. The ore body is mainly stored between Baiyun Mountain and Tongshan mountains. Baiyun Mountain is mostly colorless crystals, while Tongshan is mostly smoke crystals.
Edited by: Yu Leqian
