The readers are children of the 16th Army of the Volunteer Army, and they keep asking me to write about the 16th Army. According to the progress of the manuscript, the 16th Army was still early. It happened that during this period I would like to briefly introduce the situation of the 27 armies of the volunteer army participating in the war in , so let’s start with the 16th Army.
16 army entered the morning dynasty too late and arrived at the front line too late. Basically, there were no wars, so there were very few articles about the 16th army online. It just so happened that some self-media have written articles about the 16th Army in recent years. Nowadays, plagiarism has become popular, so there are soon a bunch of plagiarism articles on the Internet. It was not my business at first, but the original self-media wrote the wrong ones. The self-media I copied it naturally followed the wrong ones, but it was quite widely circulated, which caused a considerable impact. I can't control others, so my readers can't be misled by mistakes.
So let’s talk about these errors.
1. The self-media that plagiarized manuscripts
The title of the online self-media article is very terrifying. What is "The 16th Su-Air Army entered North Korea, the US military suddenly felt great pressure and said: Now the peace talks, you must have sincerity", what is "The 16th Su-Air Army entered North Korea, the US military suddenly felt pressure and believed that the volunteers were showing off their strength", what is "The 16th Su-Air Army entered North Korea, the US military suddenly felt pressure and believed that the volunteers were showing off their strength", what is "The 16th Su-Air Army entered North Korea, the US military was facing a great enemy, and believed that our army wanted to fight a large scale "The 16th Su-Armed Army entered North Korea, annihilated three enemy companies in 2 hours, Yin Xianbing: The US military is just like this", "The 16th Su-Armed Army entered North Korea, defeated the Three Kingdoms coalition forces in three battles and three victories, the commander shouted: I was not satisfied with the fight", "After the 16th Su-Armed Army entered North Korea, the US protested, saying that our negotiations were not sincere and showed its power", "The 16th Su-Armed Army entered North Korea and staged a fire tactic, the US shouted that it was insincere and decisively signed the armistice agreement." See the screenshot below.
plagiarizes and scheming articles, so the so-called "big V" I selected in the screenshots.
Let’s take a look at the content of the article again. Because the content of the article is similar, if you take screenshots one by one, the picture will be too large, so only part of the content is selected.
The part I drew the red line was all nonsense, even "The commander of the 116th Army Yin Xianbing wanted to lead the troops to directly attack the headquarters of the 8th Army of the US Army. However, the troops had just advanced twenty kilometers and received a call from the superiors that the US military was about to sign an armistice agreement. " was out. Go straight to the 8th Army Command of the US Army? Can a commander formulate such a combat plan? And "propelled twenty kilometers"? Come on, point to the map to show me where I pushed twenty kilometers? You should know that with such a great victory in , the volunteers only went 15 kilometers ahead and entered the defense.
These titles combined with the content of the article will naturally give people an impression that the 16th Army of the Soviet Union entered North Korea, which scared the US military's courage. Moreover, the 16th Army was equipped with Soviet weapons, which made the US military scared.
So when the US military saw the Volunteer Army's Soviet-style equipment, was it really scared?
What does it mean to draw a red line under the 527.7 high ground? I'll talk about it one by one.
2. What Soviet-style equipment does the 16th Army have?
Then let’s take a look at what equipment the 16th Army has, and compare it with the US and South Korean Army. The
16 army carried out two rotations of equipment. In the PLA sequence at that time, it was a heavy-armed army, and its equipment was quite good among the PLA troops. A division has five regiments: three infantry regiments, one artillery regiment, and one tank self-propelled artillery regiment; there are also anti-aircraft artillery battalions, war defense artillery battalions, health battalions, transportation battalions, teaching battalions, reconnaissance companies, automobile companies, chemical defense companies, and artillery finger companies. An infantry regiment has three infantry battalions and an artillery battalion . Each infantry battalion has six companies: four infantry companies, one 82 mortar company, one heavy machine gun company, and one recoilless gun platoon. The regiment artillery battalion has one battalion of 76 mountain cannons, 120 mortar , and 57 war defense artillery. Each infantry company has five platoons, three infantry platoons, one heavy machine gun platoon, and one 90 bazooka platoon. Each infantry is arranged in four squads. Each artillery regiment has a 122 howitzer battalion, a 120 mortar battalion, and a 76 field artillery battalion, with 12 guns per battalion. The Tank Self-Propelled Artillery Regiment has a medium tank battalion (24 T34 tanks ) and a self-propelled artillery battalion (16 76 self-propelled artillery).An infantry company has a force of about 210 people, and a division has a force of 16,000. Total weapons and equipment: 24 T34 tanks, 16 76 self-propelled artillery, 12 122 howitzers, 12 76 mountain cannons, 12 37 anti-aircraft cannons, 12 76 field cannons, 24 120 mortars, 24 57 war defense cannons, 27 57 recoilless cannons, 82 mortars, 72 mortars, 72 mortars, anti-aircraft machine guns, 230 heavy machine guns, 2160 light machine guns, 470 submachine guns, 22600 rifles, more than 300 cars, and more than 600 carriages.
This is the best equipment in the Volunteer Army. But let alone compete with the US military, it is impossible to compete with the South Korean military.
Let’s talk about the most important large caliber artillery . A division of the Korean army had three 105mm howitzer battalions and one 155mm howitzer battalion. The 2nd Division of the South Korean Army, which was in front of the 16th Army, can also receive direct fire support from three artillery battalions of the US Army. Not to mention comparing with the US infantry division, the 16th Army's 2nd Division, the 16th Army, received direct artillery fire support from one regiment to three to four artillery battalions, which is not considered full fire support.
The artillery battalion of the Korean army is the same as that of the US army, with 18 gates. That is, there are only 105 mm caliber artillery, and a division of the Korean army has 72, which can receive a total of 126 cannons above 105 mm. The 16th Army had only 36 artillery pieces above 105 mm caliber, and only 12 pieces per division. Even if a division of the 16th Army includes all the artillery above 76mm caliber (including tank gun ), there are only 100, which is 26 fewer than the 105mm howitzer in the South Korean Army. What's more, the US and South Korean Army also have tank guns and 4.2-inch mortars, which adds up to far more than the 16th Army. More importantly, there is no air threat above the heads of the US and South Korean troops, and firepower can be exported as much as possible; while the volunteer artillery also needs air defense, so the support for infantry is limited.
So, we can see that the equipment of the 16th Army is top in the People's Liberation Army, but it cannot be compared with the US military at all. It is much worse than that of the South Korean army. With such equipment level, the courage of the US military is scared out?
Therefore, we cannot overexaggerate the role of Su-style weapons on the Volunteer Army. The role of Su-style weapons is of course huge, but it is far from decisive. Compared with the enemy, the equipment disadvantage is still very large.
3. Weapons and equipment are not the only standard for combat effectiveness
Some people may say: You don’t often say that the volunteer army’s team has extremely high tactical skills. Why do others write “Su-style equipment plus the volunteer army is simply invincible”? You draw a red line and say that this is nonsense?
For those who write military history, the most important thing is to analyze the specific situation. For other volunteer troops, the tactical level of the team is naturally extremely high. Even the 15th Army, 60th Army, 67th Army, and 68th Army, which were relatively weak in the early stage, had already been very high by July 1953.
But for the 16th Army, this sentence does not apply. The reason is very simple, because the 16th Army at this time had no combat experience with foreign troops.
What elements are components of combat effectiveness? Simply put, equipment level, training level, combat experience.
16 Army has a very high equipment level, so what is the training level? The 16th Army conducted targeted training on Soviet weapons, but the training level must be tested in actual combat, and it was unknown before it was fought. The most critical problem of the 16th Army is its lack of combat experience. They have rich experience in civil war combat, but have not fought with the US, British and Korean troops. The experience of civil war does not apply to the Korean battlefield, especially during positional warfare, and the tactics during mobile warfare are very different. It is unknown whether the 16th Army can adapt to it all at once.
The most important point is that the 16th Army has no time and no chance to gain practical experience on the Korean battlefield.
16 The entire army entered North Korea in mid-January 1953, and then took on anti-aircraft and anti-login missions on the West Coast. It was not until May that the order was received to go to the front line, and it was not until July 5 that the 16th Army troops completed the reception. The armistice was July 27, and the 16th Army arrived at the front line on July 5, and it only took 23 days to participate in the war.
We can look through the war history of various units of the Volunteer Army and find that after each army changes defense, it is first based on defense.This is because I have always said that when the Volunteer Army changes defense, the enemy will give a warning to the newly replaced troops. This is a saying through battle: "In the future, be honest in my defense zone." (The same is true for the Volunteer Army. If the enemy changes defense, the Volunteer Army will give a warning immediately.) But it was too late for the 16th Army to enter the front line, and the negotiations on , Panmendian, were basically reached. When the 16th Army first arrived on the front line, the US military was the 3rd Division in front of us, which was good at night fighting. But because the negotiations were almost done, the 3rd Division of the US Army had not launched an attack on the 16th Army, not to mention the company-level scale, platoon-level and class-level attacks.
The defensive battle against the enemy at the beginning of the switch to defense is the most effective way for the various relocation troops of the Volunteer Army to be familiar with the battlefield environment in the defense zone, understand the combat effectiveness, tactical characteristics and activity rules of the enemy in person, and obtain combat experience. However, because the armistice is imminent, the US military is unwilling to attack again, and the 16th Army lacks this important lesson.
Follow the war history of various units of the Volunteer Army, it can also be found that after each army changes defense, except for ace troops with particularly strong combat effectiveness, each army usually attacks the US positions two to three months later. Why two months later? This is the time necessary to gain combat experience, understand the enemy's laws, be familiar with enemy tactics, survey the battlefield terrain, reconnaissance the enemy's deployment, conduct combat deployment, and conduct on-the-fight training. Grandson said: Know your enemy and yourselves will never be defeated in a hundred battles. Then how can we know our opponents and ourselves? First of all, you need to be close friends, and you must "become unbeatable first and wait for the enemy to be able to win." If you want to achieve " wins first and then fight ", you must first be familiar with the situation and be invincible. Two months is a must.
I have been writing about the battle examples of the 39th Army of the Volunteer Army during position wars some time ago (see:). The 39th Army attacked the US positions and often went deep into the enemy's backbone, surveyed the terrain, and lurked in reconnaissance a month ago. This is the characteristic of the 39th Army fighting, which is very stable and does not fight unprepared wars. So I have always said that the battles of the 39th Army are textbook-like. If you want to scare the US military, you must first let the US military remember your unit number. In the history of the US military, the 39th Army has the highest frequency of occurrence, and the 38th Army cannot be compared with the 39th Army. The battle of breaking through Linjinjiang in the third battle was focused on the US military. Like Marshal Liu Bocheng, the US military also gave high praise; the battles of Hongchuan and Chunchuan in the fourth battle were also focused on the study of the US military. The US military said bluntly: The combat effectiveness of the 39th Army is far higher than the average level of the Chinese army. This is what it means to leave a name among the US military and make the US military afraid. It’s not because the self-media are exaggerating a few words, the US military is scared out of fear.
But the 16th Army had no time, and there was a truce on July 27. The 16th Army had no chance, and neither the 3rd Division of the US Army nor the 2nd Division of the US Army was coming to attack the 16th Army's positions.
So in this case, the 16th Army had only one way to gain combat experience and improve its combat level, which was to take the initiative to attack. But the preparation time is short and hasty. In this case, the purpose of the offensive battle is not to win, but more importantly, to train the troops and gain initial experience.
That's why the battle of the 527.7 highland copied by these self-media is actually the battle of the nameless highland south of the 527.7 highland.
4. Training troops
527.7 Battle in the nameless highland south of the highland is the largest battle of the 16th Army of the Volunteer Army and the last large-scale battle of the 2nd Division of the US Army (company-level battle). Because those self-media articles are copied from each other, they are copied from "527.7 Highland Battle". See the picture below, I won’t take a screenshot of many articles. I will choose any five articles, all of which are 527.7 highlands.
Anyway, people copy it to make money, who cares whether it is right or wrong? The 527.7 Highland is the location of the advance command post of the 136th Regiment of the 46th Division of the 16th Army of the Volunteer Army in this battle. In the control of the Volunteer Army, can the Volunteer Army attack its own positions? , and the 527.7 highland is in North Korea, and the nameless highland south of the 527.7 highland is in South Korea. According to the self-media writing, North Korea's land was forced to be divided to South Korea's . What does this mean? It’s not that I look down on these self-media, and ask them: Where is the 527.7 Highland? They were all stunned immediately.
First of all, we need to figure out where the 527.7 highland is? Let's look at the map.The most important strategic point of the Volunteer Army in the front in the central is the Western Mountains (not the Five Sacred Mountains, nor the Shangganling . Why is the Western Mountains not as famous as Shangganling and Wushen Mountains? It is because the US military could not capture the Western Mountains and gave up the idea of attacking the Western Mountains. This is the credit of the 26th Army. See:
. I have marked this picture very clearly, so I won’t explain it. It should be noted that the US military’s airborne 187th Regiment was just transferred back to the Korean battlefield from Japan and was assigned to the US military’s 2nd Division. The 2nd Division of the Army set four regiments on the front line.
The enemy-we-in-combat troops: the first battle, the Volunteer Army was the 9th Company of the 136th Regiment of the 46th Division of the 16th Army, and the US Army was the I Company of the 38th Regiment of the 2nd Division; the Volunteer Army was the 10th Company of the 136th Regiment of the 46th Division of the 16th Army, and the US Army was the 1st Platoon of the C Company of the Second Combat Engineer Battalion, and the 3rd Platoon of the A Company of the Dutch Battalion. The "Military History of the 16th Army" and "Selected Team Battle Case" both said that the US Army was the 8th Company of the 3rd Battalion, so the self-media mistakenly acted as the H Company. Although the letter H is ranked 8th, it is not the 8th Company, but the 2nd Battalion Firearm Company; the word I Although the mother ranks 9th, it is the 7th Company of the 3rd Battalion; the 8th Company of the 3rd Battalion is the K Company. The US military is arranged in accordance with the number of 3 infantry companies and 1 firearm company. This is a small knowledge point. By the way, the text of the book "Selected Team Battle Examples" calls the US military the 8th Company of the 3rd Battalion, and the map is marked as the 7th Company of the 3rd Battalion, which is correct. Why did
fight? This question is very simple, just mentioned in the previous section, just two words - training. Because the 16th Army has no combat experience with the enemy, let alone the US military, it does not even have combat experience with the Korean army. Therefore, the order given by Zhisi to the 16th Army is very simple: mainly to carry out cold guns, cold artillery annihilation campaign and small team activities with the first echelon to kill and kill tired enemies; at the same time, select 2-3 points in the frontier of the enemy, concentrate absolutely superior artillery fire, support our infantry team to suddenly launch a counterattack, resolutely annihilate it, cooperate with the direction of Jincheng to counterattack, restrain the enemy, and train the troops. The key point is very simple: train the troops.
16 Army leader Yin Xianbing and others decided to use the company scale after repeated research and repeated research. The 46th Division decided to use the 3rd Battalion of the 136th Regiment to counterattack two companies of the 2nd Division of the US Army, and the 2nd Battalion of the US Army, with the firepower of the artillery of the entire division, and the 2nd Battalion prepared for a counterattack of one battalion of the US Army. The first attacking US Army company position was chosen as the nameless highland south of the 527.7 Highland. Deputy Commander and Chief of Staff Yang Junsheng personally mobilized the 136th Regiment and requested that the 9th Company, who served as the commando, be assaulted as the first battle, was as follows: Organization, fully prepare, sacrifice bloodshed and sacrificed, and resolutely annihilate a company.
chooses to fight the 2nd Division of the US Army. From the perspective of annihilation of the enemy, this choice is problematic. The 2nd Division of the US Army is the strongest division of the US Army in Korean War . It is the unit with the most participation in the war and experienced the most fierce wars. It is very tough. Many readers often ask me to tell you why the 2nd Division of the US Army is the strongest unit of the US Army in the Korean War? Don’t many people say that the 1st Division of the 1st Division of the US Army is the strongest? It just so happens to take this opportunity to say it. The 2nd Division of the US Army and the 1st Division of the Marine War are The development trajectory in the Korean War is exactly the opposite. The 2nd Division of the US Army is getting stronger and stronger, rising all the way; the 1st Division of the Marine War is getting worse and worse, falling sharply. Although the 2nd Division of the US Army was once defeated by the Volunteer Army and became the background board for the 38th Army to become the "Long Live Army", we can notice a very interesting phenomenon: the 2nd Division of the US Army was a unit that fought the entire field in the Korean War. However, after looking through the selection of the Volunteer Army's battle examples, the selection of the various armies, and the selection of the various divisions, we can find that it is difficult to see the number of the 2nd Division of the US Army during the various armies during the position war. However, the 2nd Division of the US Army The division fought the whole game. You should know that during the position war, the winning rate of the volunteer army against the US military was quite high. I will understand that if I say this, everyone will understand.
, some readers must have not understood it yet. Let me add another sentence: The 38th Army recorded the offensive battle against the North Mountain of Shixiandong, the 2nd Division of the US Army. In this battle, the 38th Army won, but the war history of the US military did not record. However, the war history of the US military recorded the 38th Army attacked the North Mountain of Shixiandong, and this time the 2nd Division of the US military won, but the 38th Army did not record. If I still can't understand this, then I have no choice.
The US 2nd Division is very strong and very difficult to fight. The enemy in front of the 32nd Division of the 32nd Division of the 16th Army was the 2nd Division of the South Korean Army. Although this division was not easy to fight (the 2nd Division of the South Korean Army and the various heroes of the Volunteer Army fought against each other. Except for the 42nd and 66th Army in the third battle, they basically never suffered a big loss. In 1951, they fought an equal share with the 20th and 27th Army and suppressed the 67th Army. They performed well in Shangganling. The 17th Regiment was one of the three most elite regiments of the South Korean Army, but this regiment was a reserve force at the time, and its front line was the 31st and 32nd Regiments), but compared with the US military, the South Korean army was still much easier to fight. The first battle is very critical. Without combat experience, choosing the company positions of the 31st and 32nd Regiments of the South Korean Army to practice is a safe choice.
Then why choose the US military in the first battle instead of the Korean military?
As mentioned earlier, the 16th Army has no combat experience, so it is very difficult to choose the strongest enemy army as the target of annihilation. But from the perspective of training troops, this choice is appropriate because the 16th Army has no time. During the positional war in the War to Resist U.S. Aggression and Aid Korea, the original purpose of the PLA's army's rotational war in Korea was to train the troops. If the truce is still early, choose the Korean army to fight first, and squeeze soft persimmons, and take it step by step. But the ceasefire is imminent, so we cannot tolerate following the steps so we don’t have many opportunities, so we have to dare to draw our swords and directly choose the strongest enemy to fight.
5, 527.7 Battle of the unknown highlands south of the 527.7 Highlands
For this attack, the 46th Division also had a lot of brains. Hu Lisheng, the political commissar of the 1st Division, and Cui Jian, deputy chief of the training department, led the participating cadres to repeatedly observe the terrain and understand the enemy situation, but the time was still too little. The attack time was set on July 17, and it was only 12 days before the 16th Army's defense position was taken. It was finally determined that the main attack mission was carried out by the main company - the Red Army Company and the "Pingxingguan Victory Hero Company" - the 9th Company of the 136th Regiment. At the same time, in order to cover the main attack, the 46th Division launched the feint attack on the entire line of the 2nd Division of the US Army.
137 Regiment 11th Company launched a feint attack on the unknown highlands in southwestern Shanxi (Dick Outpost of the 23rd Regiment of the US Army, 13 casualties of the US Army). The 7th Company of the
137 Regiment attacked the nameless highland south of the 381 Highlands. The 2nd Company of the
136 regiment attacked the nameless highland south of the 431.8 highland.
The 24th Army, which is fighting fiercely with the South Korean army, also sent troops to cooperate in combat, attacking the L Company of the 9th Regiment of the US Army (44 casualties of the US Army, connected by C to replace the defense) and two frontier posts airborne in the 187th Regiment.
After a moment, the entire US 2nd Division was in a panic.
000:03 on July 17, the 46th Division of the Volunteer Army concentrated the firepower of the division's artillery group to launch destructive shooting at the position of the I-Company of the US 38th Regiment in the nameless highland south of the 527.7 Highland. At 22:30 pm, the 46th Division concentrated 83 artillery pieces for 5 minutes of fire attack. Then the 9th Company of the Assault Detachment (9 squads actually participated in the battle) launched an attack under the cover of tank (both US armies in this battle put into tanks, which is rare on the Korean battlefield). Destruction shooting, fire raids, and infantry impact are the most common style of combat. This just shows that the 16th Army lacks combat experience on the Korean battlefield. You can notice that the 39th Army, which I wrote during this period, have begun to destroy the shooting several days in advance. There are two benefits to this. One is to confuse the US military and prevent the US military from knowing the real attack time. When the U.S. military was defensive and fired on the first day, the defense of the U.S. military must be the most tight, but the volunteers only fired artillery and did not attack, so the U.S. military could not figure out when it was to attack. Second, the damage to US military bunkers, barbed wire, obstacles and minefields is more thorough, which is conducive to the infantry's attack. I asked my old brigade commander: "How many days did our artillery sabotage shooting start when you fought against Vietnam?" The old brigade commander said: "When you captured Laoshan , the artillery began to destroy shooting 28 days in advance."
Moreover, the actual strength of the 9th Company was only 9 squads. Although the 16th Army troops were strengthened, with a squad of up to 16 people, the strength of the 9th squad and one company of the US defenders was only 1 to 1. During positional warfare, with the enrichment of combat experience, the volunteers have regulations on combat. If they attack a company position in the South Korean army, the firepower of the troops is 1 to 1 or 1.5 to 1, which can ensure victory; and if they attack a company position in the US, they will need at least three times the force and firepower to be sure.The lack of offensive forces is also a manifestation of lack of combat experience with the US military.
Because the 16th Army was on the verge of action, the US military was prepared for it. The sabotage and fire attacks of the 46th Division's artillery did not cause much damage to the US I Company. When the 9th Company launched an attack, the soldiers of the I-Company of the US Army entered the position and began to fight. This is the first time I have seen the US military record that the US military waited for the volunteer infantry to enter the 50-meter area before fully fired. This shows that the US military has never stopped learning about the Volunteer Army.
From the perspective of the Volunteer Army's offensive battle, this attack has been unsuccessful. However, the 9th Company proved that although the 16th Army was a new North Korean unit, its infantry combat effectiveness was still higher than the strongest 2nd Division of the US military. Under the leadership of company commander Tian Jinzhi and instructor Wang Liusuo, braved the firepower of the US military to attack. The first platoon (4 squads) launched an attack from the southwest side of the South Peak; the second platoon (3 squads) attacked from the northeast side of the North Peak; the third platoon (2 squads) launched a charge from the northwest side of the North Peak to the main peak. The US military said: "The Chinese successfully reached the position and poured into the trenches, resulting in fierce hand-to-hand combat. "
Li Shufan, photographed at noon on July 17, 1953, holding a 1 and a half-year-old child before the troops set off, leaving this precious photo. The successful breakthrough of the company
9 is inseparable from the hero's heroic sacrifice. Chen Yunshan, the leader of the 1st platoon, led the troops to attack and was blocked by the third barbed wire (this is the consequence of the destruction of the shooting time too short). Chen Yunshan directly rushed towards the barbed wire with his body and ordered the soldiers to rush over. Then, Chen Yunshan, covered in blood, caught up with the army and rushed to the first one again, unfortunately being shot and died. What is more worth mentioning is that Gu Yanbang, the deputy commander of the 6 Division, Li Shufan, the medical and political officer of the 46th Division, served as the captain of the stretcher behind the first platoon in this battle, following the first platoon, and grabbed 9 wounded people in the first time, as women as good as men.
Following the death of platoon leader Chen Yunshan, the squad leader of the third squad also died. Li Guohai, the leader of the combat team of the third squad, organized the remaining four soldiers and the two communicators of the company into two combat teams and continued to charge towards the main bunker of the command post of the US I company. In the end, only Li Guohai rushed to the command post. After turning to the dead corner, he threw a blasting tube first, and then threw several grenades in succession. Then, he held a submachine gun in his left and right hands to rush into the bunker under the smoke of the explosion and fired desperately, making a wonderful achievement. After the war, Li Guohai was awarded the honorary title of second-level combat hero.
Li Guohai
The 2nd and 3rd rows in the other two directions also successfully met with the 1st row after a fierce battle.
The Volunteer Army fought hard to gain an advantage, but the troops of the 2nd Division of the US Army were not as cowardly as some US troops. Only after being slightly panicked when the Volunteer Army broke through, the US military immediately began to counterattack fiercely. company commander Tian Jinzhi ordered the main force of company to quickly converge as planned, and squads 2 and 4 will fight against the US military's counterattack. After another 20 minutes of fierce fighting, the US I Company was unable to break through the restoration position, but the volunteers also believed that the opportunity to annihilate the enemy was missing, so they took the initiative to evacuate the battle. Unfortunately, during the evacuation, the company commander, Tian Jinzhi, stayed behind and broke the rear. When he finally evacuated, he took a different path from the main force of the company. The main force of the company directly evacuated northward, covering the firepower of the US artillery. There were 92 casualties in the 9th company (data from the history of the 136th Regiment, and 76 casualties in the history of the 16th Army). Most of the casualties came from mistakes during retreat. The US military suffered 43 casualties. Although the Volunteer Army suffered higher casualties, the casualties in the war were lower than those in the US. This is also a manifestation of lack of combat experience. The volunteer army's tactic during positional warfare is to "grab one hand and repeatedly arrest the enemy" to make the enemy bleeding repeatedly at one point. The key is that our casualties cannot be higher than those of the US military, otherwise it would not be the repeated bleeding of the US military. As long as the volunteers break into the US military's position, they will basically take advantage, so choosing the retreat path is very important. In his speech to the 20th Corps, Zheng Weishan repeatedly emphasized the importance of choosing a retreat path and must not return the same way. When the company commander left behind the 9th Company, others forgot this and caused unnecessary losses.
Generally speaking, the 16th Army paid the necessary tuition fees for the first battle in the Korean battlefield, achieving the purpose of training the troops.The reason why the nameless highland south of the 527.7 highland was due to the lack of combat experience, so there were problems in handling many details. For combat at a level-level, the handling of details is very important, and there must be no errors in any link. At the same time, the 16th Army troops also tested their training level some time ago through combat, proving that although they first arrived in North Korea, their infantry combat effectiveness was still stronger than the strongest US troops.
However, the 9th Company was the main company, and it was the main force during the Red Army period. Their level could not represent the average level of the 16th Army. The 46th Division decided to attack the nameless highland south of the 527.7 Highland on the 18th again, and this time the 10th Company appeared (7 squads actually participated in the battle, the 24th Army once again sent troops to attack the 187th Regiment of the US airborne, and the 137th Regiment also sent troops to feint attack to cooperate with the cooperation). The US military also replaced the I of the 38th Regiment of the US military from Company A of the Dutch Battalion, and urgently repaired fortifications by the 1st Platoon of the C Company of the 2nd Combat Engineer Battalion. The 10th Company performed less than the 9th Company. After the 3rd Platoon of the C Company of the Dutch Battalion invested reinforcements, the 10th Company voluntarily withdrew from the battle. The 10th company suffered a significant loss in this battle, with 15 casualties in the Dutch battalion and the US troops, and 80 casualties in the Volunteer Army. Now we understand better why the Volunteer Army usually takes two months to attack the enemy after it takes up defense positions.
Now we can see that the 16th Army of the Volunteer Army did not fight the Three Kingdoms army three times as the self-media said, and wiped out three companies in two hours (three and a half squads of the 7th Company of the 2nd Battalion of the 94th Regiment of the 32nd Division attacked the 248.8 Highlands, the 1st Battalion of the 31st Regiment of the 2nd Division of the South Korean Army, one strengthened platoon, not one company).
When the 16th Army first went to the battlefield, the time was extremely rushed and there was no time to prepare thoroughly, such a record was very normal. The 2nd Division of the US Army is very strong. Let’s compare the 16th Army with the troops entering North Korea in the later period of the Volunteer Army. The 1st Army, which took over the defense position in April 1953, launched an attack on the 1st Division of the South Korean Army at the end of June, and achieved a complete victory after more than two months of practical experience accumulation and preparation. It was not until late July that after three months of experience, it was the first time that it launched a large-scale attack on the 7th Division of the US Army and won the victory. The 24th Army, the east neighbor of the 16th Army, took over the front line of Shangganling in mid-January 1953. It mainly carried out the cold gun cold artillery movement , enriching its combat experience. It was not until April that it launched an attack on the 3rd Division of the US Army in person and won the victory. Moreover, when the 24th Army won consecutive victories and made the 3rd Division of the US Army miserable, the 24th Army did not gain any advantage in the battle with the 9th Regiment of the 2nd Division of the US Army and the 187th Regiment of the Airborne Regiment assigned to the 2nd Division. The 3rd Division of the US Army in the Korean War was second only to the 2nd Division and the 1st Cavalry Division, and was side by side with the 7th Division, and was a powerful brigade. They are not opponents of the 24th Army, and the 24th Army cannot take advantage of the 2nd Division of the US Army, which shows the combat effectiveness of the 2nd Division of the US Army in 1953.
Let the 16th Army, which has only 10 days of preparation, take the initiative to attack powerful enemies like the 2nd Division of the US Army. If it weren't for a truce, there would be no chance if the troops were not trained. The Volunteer Army would not do such a thing. The weakest 60, 67 and 68th troops of the Volunteer Army have been fighting against the South Korean army on the Eastern Front. Which battle was not carefully organized? Don’t think that the Korean army is easy to fight, and there is nothing easy to fight on the offensive and defensive battles in a strong position. The volunteer army has won many victories in positional battles, which comes from careful preparations in every battle. The 60, 67 and 68th Army constantly hone themselves, accumulate experience, and improve their technical and tactical levels in such battles. When they arrived at the Battle of Jincheng, they beat the Korean army to amazement and were defeated thousands of miles away. Without the accumulation of daily life, how can you have the strength to win a big victory? Strength is not entirely built on weapons and equipment, but more on training and fighting.
gives the 16th Army time. With the foundation of the troops, it will definitely not be worse than the 60th, 67th and 68th Army, but the 16th Army has been on the battlefield too short and they have no chance to perform. Therefore, the self-media exaggerated the battle of the 16th Army's training as a huge victory, which is not a manifestation of cultural confidence, let alone the reason for large-scale communication is plagiarism and plagiarism.
Author Profile: Wang Zhengxing, a former officer of a field unit of the People's Liberation Army, has served in infantry detachments, headquarters, logistics department and other units. He is committed to the study of war history and tactics, and has a unique understanding of military tactics and non-war actions.His book " This Is War " was recommended in May and June 2014. The "Eight Minutes of Opening" column of Phoenix TV was recommended in two issues. His official account name is also "This is War". Welcome to follow
