Red Army During the period, many young and promising generals died young, such as Wu Zhonghao, Wang Erzhuo, etc. They were brave and resourceful, and qualified to be marshals or generals, but they all lived in their own homes. In his 20s. This article will be introduced in a typical way. He was younger than Wu Zhonghao and Wang Erzhuo (7 years and 9 years younger than them respectively), died earlier, and lived to be 22 years old, but his short life was full of legends:
He was only a little over 1.5 meters tall, but he was very good at leading troops. He was appointed as the division commander of the Red Army at the age of 19 and became the youngest commander of the Red Army at the age of 21. At that time, Su Yu, who was 5 years older than him, was just his subordinate. .If you sacrifice not early, you will at least be awarded the general. After the sacrificial general of the National Army, Wang Yaowu, was sent to take his head to show his merits; after General Su Yu died, he also asked some of his ashes to accompany him! So who is he?
(1) Handsome guy
He has a very poetic name: Xun Huaizhou.
This name is taken from " Book of Songs " and "Xiaoya Drum Bell": "The drum bell kills scorpions, Huaizhou, and has few sorrows. A gentleman cannot bear virtue." The meaning of these poems is that when the drums and drums are beaten, the music echoes in the three continents, and my heart is sad and sad. Missing gentlemen in the distance, virtues cannot last forever.
can be said that those who seek Huaizhou are also seeking virtue. Xun Huaizhou was born on August 29, 1912 in Huangshitang Village, Lianxi Township, Liuyang County, Hunan Province. He was from a poor family since childhood, but he had a lofty ambitions, which can be seen from an essay he wrote when he was a child.
Xun Huaizhou was 13 years old at the time and studied at Lianxi Township High School. When he was a student, he wrote an essay titled "I am now", which is still preserved in Liuyang Archives. The text is as follows: "We are born in the world, like the parasite, spring and autumn leaves, eating delicious clothes, playing with sunlight, living in the world in vain. From young to strong, from strong to old, from old to death, we have been in vain in this life. Are you too unconscious? ... My current age is not when I was a big citizen, nor when I was a child.
is the time, so I came to the semester. In terms of academics, you should make great progress and seek some rich knowledge; in terms of physical aspects, try to exercise and pursue strength; in terms of work, you should practice at any time, cultivate good talents, and prepare for the future and future career. This country has done some great things..."
has handsome handwriting and strong writing, which is very precious for a 13-year-old high school student. In fact, this is not a empty word Xun Huaizhou said for writing. He did the same.
Liuyang is also an old revolutionary base. At that time, Xun Huaizhou was studying while engaged in revolutionary activities. He quickly became a local student leader and was already a little hero at the age of 14 or 15.
1927, the "August 1" Nanchang Uprising broke out, and the autumn harvest Uprising on the Hunan-Jiangxi border that shocked the whole country also started vigorously. In September of that year, 15-year-old Xun Huaizhou threw away his books and joined the revolution. After the Autumn Harvest Uprising , Xun Huaizhou joined the team to Jinggangshan and never looked back.
(II) Xunhuaizhou
in the eyes of Yang Dezhi and Peng Xuefeng, Xunhuaizhou has been very thin since childhood due to poor family background and malnutrition. At the age of fifteen or sixteen, he looks like a child. Elf, he is brave enough to fight, and he has ink in his belly. He is good at thinking in battle and has a very fast promotion. Xun Huaizhou joined the party at the age of 16 and led a team to deal with the reactionaries, galloping between the "universal rivers and lakes of Gansu and the mountains of Fujian." He made many extraordinary achievements and became a heroic general during the Red Army period.
About Xunhuaizhou, you can learn about Xunhuaizhou from the founding general Yang Dezhi. Yang Dezhi can also be called a famous general. He is more famous than Xunhuai. He went to Jinggangshan at the age of seventeen and grew up soon. In early 1932, at the age of 20, he was transferred to the Red 45th Division and served as the head of the management department. This position is already very high, but he is not very satisfied with it and thinks that management is not enough. It's quite fun. If you want to lead troops to fight in the company, you go to the division headquarters to ask the political commissar of the division to express your opinions.
Yang Dezhi arrived at the division headquarters and saw a "child" sitting next to the political commissar, lying on the table, holding his hands in his arms.Primary school students were holding red and blue pencils to doodle on a piece of paper, as if they were drawing. Yang Dezhi thought that the half-old boy was probably a clerk. He is thin and small. If he were a soldier in my company, I wouldn't have taken him in. He looked like a pilogen rod and fell down as soon as the wind blew. How could he fight with a gun? According to Xunhuai comrades recalled that Xunhuaizhou was indeed very short at that time, with a maximum of only 1.5 meters.
But when Yang Dezhi learned from the political commissar that the child was the famous Xunhuaizhou, he almost dropped his chin. At that time, the 19-year-old Xun Huaizhou was already the commander of the 45th Division. Xun Huaizhou looked at Yang Dezhi's surprised look and couldn't help laughing: "Xiao Yang, do you think I am only five feet tall, don't look like a teacher? Hahaha..."
Next, Xun Huaizhou also started chatting with Yang Dezhi. He joked: "Although we won't grow, we have a small advantage. On the battlefield, the target is relatively small and not easy to be discovered." The enemy, and it is even more fatal. ,hey-hey. "But this little guy is really amazing. Being a teacher at the age of 19 is definitely not a false reputation. When
first arrived in Jinggangshan, the team developed very quickly, but there were too few guns. This year's Spring Festival, when the Red 31st Regiment where Xun Huaizhou was located was resting in Suichuan , the then regiment commander Zhang Ziqing called Xun Huaizhou and told him that there was a big tycoon nearby, with his surname as Lu. He had an escort team. You have more than ten guns in your hand. You are so smart. Do you have a way to get a gun for us? What else can I say about
? Xun Huaizhou agreed readily. At that time, the regiment commander asked him how many people he needed to send to help. Xun Huaizhou said confidently: "Who do you want to send, I'm enough! "That night, Xun Huaizhou set out alone with two short guns and two grenades .
Why is Xun Huaizhou so confident? In fact, he had already found out the background of the rich man surnamed Lu. He knew very well about the terrain and location of his home. That night, Xun Huaizhou climbed the wall and entered the landlord's house, walked to his bedroom, and pointed the gun at the old landlord's head: "Be honest, otherwise you will die! "
Then under the threat of Xun Huaizhou, Lu Tuhao ordered people to put away all his more than ten guns and let them go out with their backs. Xun Huaizhou kept hitting the landlord's head with a gun, but the other party did not dare to resist at all, and walked forward obediently. In the second half of the night, in the wild, Xun Huaizhou asked the owner to put down the bundle of guns, spare their lives, and let them go. After the other party escaped in a panic, Xun Huaizhou carried more than a dozen guns and walked more than ten miles back to the Red Army base with difficulty.
"Good job! "The regiment commander saw Xun Huaizhou giving a thumbs up. Comrade Mao Zedong also expressed his appreciation after learning about Xun Huaizhou's courage and wisdom. During the first anti-"encirclement and suppression" counterattack, Xun Huaizhou participated in command of the Longgang Battle (i.e., the battle to capture Zhang Huizan alive), and performed well. He was promoted to the regiment commander after the war; At the age of 19, he led his army to defeat the enemy in the battles of Futian and Baisha. After the war, he was directly promoted to the commander of the 35th Division. Not long after
, Xun Huaizhou was replaced as the commander of the 45th Division. Yang Dezhi met him at this time. Xun Huaizhou also knew people. Seeing that Yang Dezhi was a general, he was quickly promoted to the commander of the regiment.
In 1936, Yang Dezhi was transferred to the deputy commander of the Red First Division, and was under Chen Geng. Yang Dezhi performed very well in the war and was greatly appreciated by Chen Geng. Once Chen Geng joked: "Old Yang, I think you are very polite. Like a teacher, how can that guy in Huaizhou know that you can fight? "And Peng Xuefeng, who is familiar with them, continued: "The reason is actually very simple. During the fight, Xun Huaizhou was a big ghost, and Yang Dezhi was a little ghost, and both of them were very ghosts! ”
(3) The youngest army commander
In 1933, when the Red Army fought against "encirclement and suppression" for the fourth time, Xun Huaizhou was transferred to the commander of the Red Fifth Division. At that time, the political commissar of the division was Xiao Jinguang and the chief of staff was Su Yu. These two partners of Xun Huaizhou later ranked among the top ten generals, and Su Yu could only be considered a subordinate of Xun Huaizhou. This is also one of the reasons why people speculated that Xun Huaizhou could at least be awarded the rank of generals in the future.
The fourth time against encirclement and suppression , Xun Huaizhou led the Red Fifth Division to restrain the forces of the national army divisions to ensure that the Red Army won the battles between Huangpi and Dongpi, and won the Special Award Committee of the Central Military Region.
That was the most glorious period of Xun Huaizhou's military career.In mid-September 1933, Xunhuaizhou's troops met with the elite "Iron Corps" of the 19th Route Army of the Kuomintang in Muqin Mountain, Sha County. He calmly and decisively directed the battle. The battle completely annihilated the enemy, creating a record of annihilation of the 1st regiment of the enemy's 1st elite regiment and the 2nd battalion. Therefore, the glory of war. In December of the same year, Xun Huaizhou was promoted to commander of the Red Seventh Army. At this time, he was only 21 years old and became the youngest army commander of the Red Army. At the same time, the military genius Lin Biao was only 25 years old when he was appointed commander of the army.
Under the leadership of comrades Mao Zedong and other comrades, the Red Army defeated the enemy's "encirclement and suppression" four times. But by 1934, Wang Ming, Bo Gu, Li De and others took over the leadership of the Red Army. Due to the mistakes of left-leaning adventure, the Red Army staggered in the fifth anti-"encirclement and suppression", and the situation in the Central Soviet Area was very dangerous.
In order to get rid of this predicament, in early July 1934, the Central Committee decided to form an anti-Japanese advance team with the Red Seventh Army from Xunhuaizhou and advance to the rear of the Kuomintang in Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui and other countries. Other provinces. According to Zhu De's later recollection, our army's main strategic intention was to send advance teams southward, using Dongming, Dongming and other methods to cover the main force of the Red Army's retreat from the Central Soviet Area to the southwest. Attack the West. Although Xun Huaizhou was the commander of the army and Su Yu was the chief of staff at that time, neither of them had real power.
At that time, the Red Seventh Army set out from Ruijin . Among the more than 6,000 troops, there are 2,000 non-combatants, very few guns and ammunition, more than 1.6 million pieces of publicity materials, and as many as 300 Dans, causing huge burdens. Fujian, Zhejiang and Anhui are also the heart of the Kuomintang rule, and the arduous tasks of the Red Seventh Army can be imagined. The key is that Xun Huaizhou cannot command the army independently. Under Zeng Hongyi's command, the Red Seventh Army suffered heavy losses (Zeng Hongyi himself surrendered to the enemy at the end of 1934).
But at the beginning, despite Zeng Hongyi's constraints, Xun Huaizhou and Su Yu still achieved great success. The Red Seventh Army successively pacified Datian County, captured Zhanghuban, Shuikou and other places, reached the northwest suburbs of Fuzhou, and once occupied Fuzhou. They traveled more than 3,200 miles in four months and moved to dozens of counties and towns in Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Anhui and other provinces, which once shocked Chiang Kai-shek.
But after that, with Zeng Hongyi's intervention, the Red Army fell into a passive position. In November 1934, the Red Seventh Army and the Red Tenth Army joined forces and the troops were reorganized. The Red Seventh Army was incorporated into the Red Tenth Army, and Xun Huaizhou was appointed commander of the 19th Division of the 10th Army.
Xun Huaizhou tried his best to get rid of Zeng Hongyi's interference and led the 19th Division to fight mobile operations, and still fought several beautiful battles. For example, two regiments led by Jiang Zhiying, the enemy Zhejiang Security Column, were defeated in Changshan , and Wang Yaowu, the auxiliary brigade of Chiang Kai-shek's direct troops, was defeated in Fenshui County, Anhui, and even threatened Nanjing.
But just as Xunhuaizhou was fighting smoothly, the superiors ordered the Red 19th Division to return immediately and establish a new Soviet area with the Red 10th Army Command and the Red 20th and Red 21st Divisions at the junction of Zhejiang and Anhui. Jiangxi. In order to unify the leadership of the Red Ten Army, the Central Military Region decided to form the Military and Political Committee , composed of five people including Fang Zhimin and Liu Chouxi. Fang Zhimin was the chairman, Liu Chouxi was the commander, Su Yu served as the chief of the army, and followed the Red Ten Army. Xun Huaizhou was still excluded from the leadership of the army.
(IV) Swallowing mountains and waters
Immediately afterwards, the Red Ten Army suffered a catastrophic blow, namely the famous Tanjiaqiao Battle in history. At that time, the enemy mobilized a group of heavy troops, and with the cooperation of aircraft bombing, the Red Ten Army was surrounded and intercepted.
Qinjia Bridge is located at the foot of Huangshan Mountain in Anhui Province. It enters a mountain pass called Wuniguan in the Qinjiaqiao area. When the 10th Corps passed Wuni Pass, it was learned that the other enemy troops were still far away, and only Wang Yaowu's supplementary 1st Brigade followed behind our army, forming an isolated army. The Red Ten Army decided to use the favorable terrain from both sides of the Wuni Pass to Tanjiaqiao Highway to ambush Wang Yaowu's brigade.
This decision is correct, because more than a month ago, Wang Yaowu's brigade was defeated by the 19th Division of Xunhuaizhou, and our army will definitely win.
On the night of December 13, 1934, the Red Army set up ambush on both sides of the Tanjiaqiao Highway. The 19th Red Army Division was in the north, deployed on the right side of the road; the 20th and 21st Red Army Divisions were deployed in the south.At around 10 a.m. on the 14th, Wang Yaowu's brigade entered the ambush area and the Red Army immediately launched a raid.
Enemies are like frightened birds, falling into chaos. The 2nd Regiment of the vanguard was caught off guard by our army and the regiment commander was seriously injured. At the beginning of
, the battlefield situation was very good. However, except for a company that controlled the commanding heights of Wuni Pass, our 19th Division did not deploy its main force to the north of Wuni Pass, but to the south of Wuni Pass. There is a steep cliff south of Wuni Pass, which is difficult to deploy troops. After the enemy adjusted its deployment, it concentrated on attacking the weaker 20th and 21st Divisions of our army. Although the two divisions fought back bravely, they quickly showed fatigue because they were not good at conventional combat. Xunhuaizhou's 19th Division was unable to provide reinforcements, and the enemy's positions were overwhelmed. Immediately afterwards, the commanding heights of Wuni Pass were also taken away by the enemy, and the troops and artillery were concentrated to defend. The Red Army was in a passive state of being beaten.
At the critical moment, the division commander Xun Huaizhou picked up the machine gun , took the lead in charge, and bravely regained the commanding heights of the Wudao Pass. But during the battle, Xun Huaizhou unfortunately suffered multiple injuries in his abdomen and fell to the ground!
At that time, Wang Yaowu saw Xun Huaizhou leading the way in the telescope and couldn't help but exclaim: "The real tiger general!"
But the battle was over. Because the Red Army launched too early, the offensive exposed its target. At the same time, the commander of the army made a mistake and failed to arrange the troops in place, resulting in inconsistency between the two divisions. Therefore, the National Army concentrated its efforts to break through the joints of the divisions of the Red Ten Corps and quickly defeated the divisions of the Red Army. Seeing that Wang Yao's brigade was invincible, Fang Zhimin rushed over and decided to retreat.
In the battle of Qin Jiaqiao, the entire Red Tenth Corps was wiped out, and more than 8 cadres including Le Shaohua, the political commissar of the Corps, and Liu Ying, the director of the Political Department, were injured. Later military experts believed that the failure of the Qinjiaqiao Battle was mainly due to the illegal command of the commander Liu Qiuxi. At that time, Fang Zhimin was the nominal supreme commander of the army, but had no military power; Su Yu was just the chief of staff and could not control the situation of the war; Xun Huaizhou was demoted to the commander of the division and had only partial command power. The regiment's combat plan was to use the Red 20th Division and the 21st Division to ambush the national army, while the most powerful Xunhuaizhou 19th Division was retained as a reserve force. As a result, the 20th Red Division defended Wuni Pass, and the 19th Red Division in Huaizhou was unable to return to the rescue and was stolen by the national army. As a result, you lose in one step and lose in one step. Later, although Xun Huaizhou tried his best to regain his position, he had already fallen. The 19th Division, which has the strongest combat effectiveness, has been reduced, and other divisions have not cooperated well...
The defeat in the battle of Qin Jiaqiao made Fang Zhimin's situation even worse. deterioration. More than a month later, the main force of the Red Ten Army entered the Huaiyushan area and was surrounded by the enemy, with a total of 14 regiments. By January 29, 1935, the ammunition and food of the Red Ten had been exhausted and most of them died heroically. Liu Chouxi and Fang Zhimin were captured. Only Su Yu and others led a few people to successfully transfer.
Xun Huaizhou was replaced after being shot. On December 16, he unfortunately died of excessive blood loss. He is only 22 years old. When he was dying, he was still shouting repeatedly: "Go to fight against Japan, go north to fight against Japan! Annihilate the enemy, annihilate the enemy!" This sentence swallowed the mountains and rivers! The comrades buried him at the foot of the Ant Mountain in Pan Village with tears in their faces.
The famous general Xun Huaizhou, at the golden age, left endless regrets.
(5) Su Yu's Will
The day after Xun Huaizhou's death, Wang Yaowu sent an infantry company to find his body. The infantry company found Ant Mountain, dug out Xun Huaizhou's body, and took photos as evidence of Xun Huaizhou's murder. Finally, they cruelly cut off General Xun Huaizhou's head, wrapped it with cloth and lime, and asked for credit from their superiors. Wang Yaowu became famous in the national army for defeating Xunhuaizhou and was admired by Lao Jiang.
Fang Zhimin later wrote a "A Brief Description of My Engagement in Revolutionary Struggle" in his cell, giving Xun Huaizhou high praise: "Comrade Xun Huaizhou, the commander of the 19th Division, died of serious injuries!" It was the Red Army. One of the good commanders, he commanded the 7th Army. In two years, he won many famous battles, seized more than 6,000 enemy cannons, more than 300 light and heavy machine guns, and seized dozens of cannons."
1938, Commander of the First Detachment of the New Fourth Army, Chen Yi, led his troops through Maolin and personally led his troops to sweep the graves of Huaizhou. Chen Yi also erected a monument for Xun Huaizhou and drafted an inscription: Comrade Xun Huaizhou is a young general of the Red Army, famous for guerrilla warfare , and sacrificed his life for the revolution and the nation. General Su Yu has always remembered his close comrade Xun Huaizhou, remembering the tragic bloody battle in Tan Jiaqiao, which is also an extremely rare failure case in his life. However, he was just the chief of staff at that time and had no effective command of the battle. But he has been "contemplating" all his life. Because this failure was too heavy, the 10th Army of the Red Army was almost wiped out. He also lost his closest The secret comrade Xun Huaizhou.
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1978, Su Yu, a member of the Standing Committee of the Central Military Commission at the time, came to Tanjiaqiao for the third time. He sat quietly on a huge rock, recalling the battle 44 years ago and the days and nights he fought with Xunhuaizhou. He was always full of tears and refused to leave for a long time. Alas, how much he wanted to go back time and fight Xunhuaizhou on the battlefield!
In February 11984, the god of war Su Yu passed away. According to his last wish, half of his ashes were scattered in Mengliang Valley, and the other half was placed in Tanjiaqiao. He will always accompany his comrades in Xunhuaizhou...
Xunhuaizhou martyrs will immortal!
