2022 Weifang High School Subject Core Literacy Assessment
Senior Three Chinese
2022.3
Notes:
1. Before answering the paper, candidates must fill in their name, candidate number and seat number on the designated locations of the answer sheet and the test paper. 2. When answering multiple-choice questions, after selecting the answers to each question, use a pencil to blacken the answer number of the corresponding questions of the answer sheet. If you need to change it, wipe it clean with an eraser and then select other answer marks. When answering non-multiple-choice questions, write the answer on the answer sheet. Written on this test paper is invalid. 3. After the exam is over, return the test paper and the answer sheet together.
1. Modern Language Reading (35 points)
(I) Modern Language Reading I (This question has 5 questions, 19 points)
Read the following text and complete questions 1 to 5.
Material 1:
Literary painting is a painting with "literary popularity". It has the pursuit of humanistic value and is not a tool to paint images. The literati paintings of traditional top Chinese masters have a pure beauty that cannot be expressed in words. In this world, perhaps only the quiet and noble Greek sculptures and the deep and vast European classical music can be compared. The fundamental factor that promotes the development of traditional literati painting lies in "truth", one is the truth of external images, and the other is the truth of life. The painter integrates the three elements of brush and ink, hills and valleys (referring to the concrete factors in literati paintings), and weather, so that it presents a kind of thinking that transcends form and a deformed pursuit.
paintings are the "language" of "conversation" between literati painters who value the communication of their spirit. This set of language can be roughly divided into three levels: one is the subject language, and one mountain and one water (cold forest, dead trees, distant mountains, near water, empty pavilions, and stream bridges) are their language. The infinite people and things hidden in the vast history (the allusion of Chaoranke official account) have also become their language; the second is the stylization of brush and ink, such as the Dongyuan model, which is a traditional model wrapped in styling of , Jiangnan landscape characteristics, ethereal world and other contents. The Mijia landscape is another set of patterns that are dyed with water and ink, reflecting the visual effect of misty and confusion; the third is the stylization of the realm, such as the desolation and coldness of the painting environment. Since Northern Song , it has become the aura and charm characteristics that literati paintings focus on, and the loneliness of the cloud forest has also become a program that painters of the Ming and Qing dynasties imitated.
Literary painting is not about the "eye" but about the "heart", that is, it is not for the painting to show you, but allows you to integrate into it and gain the insight of life. Visuality makes people easily stay in the specific image world, which is inconsistent with the viewpoints of realm creation and life presentation advocated by literati paintings; the visual space can easily inspire people to cause imagination activities from specific things and make people be entangled by the world of emotion and reason, which is also inconsistent with the transcendent realm pursued by literati paintings. Literary painting is committed to creating a "life space". "Life space" is an absolute form of space. "If you are afraid of painting, it is called being able to draw" is a transcendence of spatiality. There is also the concept of "absolute space" in physics, but "absolute space" is still a concrete form of space, but it is just a space that exists forever, uniform everywhere, and never moves. The fundamental purpose of literati painting is to break away from the specific space and reflect the logic of inner life.
In order to pursue eternal truth, transcendence of time is its inevitable path. Non-temporality does not mean ignoring history. On the contrary, literati paintings have a strong "historical sense" and a deep historical feeling that transcends historical appearance. From the overall temperament of literati paintings, they can be said to be "nostalgic in the past". The "no historical and vertical atmosphere" that literati painting emphasizes is to emphasize that the fundamental of painting lies in creation, not recording. Literary painters should discover the truth behind the historical appearance and discover the true "history" - a deep "sense of history".
In short, literati painting is a painting that transcends form. Painters show the true humanistic value of his life through grammars such as stylization, non-visuality, and non-temporality. Even if some works no longer exist, the reflection of the life of the creator and recipients contained can still inspire people with life.
(excerpted from Zhu Liangzhi's "Humanistic Value of Traditional Literary Paintings")
Material 2:
Song paintings have greatly enriched the aesthetic tradition of the Chinese nation, regardless of content or form. The pursuit of poetry and the authenticity of details are simultaneously carried out, which is the same as the development trend of poetry and prose, and is increasingly becoming the basic aesthetic criterion of the entire Chinese art . However, Yuan painting is very different from Song paintings. The most obvious thing is the variation in aesthetic taste brought about by the rapid changes in society. Mongolian Entering the Central Plains, some scholars gave up the traditional path of "learning good will lead to officialdom", and placed their time, energy and emotions on literature and art, and landscape painting has also become one of the areas of this sustenance. With the demise of the Zhao Song Dynasty, the leadership of landscape painting finally fell into the hands of the sages and doctors, and since then, "literati painting" was officially established.
The so-called "literati painting" certainly has its basic characteristics. First of all, the literary interest is extremely prominent, which can be said to be the fusion and unity of similarity between form and spirit, realistic and poetic. However, the continued development of the contradiction between form and spirit, realistic and poetic, under the social atmosphere of the Yuan Dynasty and the psychological conditions of the literati, made the latter absolutely overwhelm the former and directly revealed it, and went to a situation that was exactly the opposite of the Northern Song Dynasty: the resemblance of form and realistic were quickly placed in a secondary position, emphasizing subjective mood and mood. The basic aesthetic principle of "vibrant spirit" that has always been emphasized in Chinese painting is no longer placed on objective objects, but entirely on subjective intentions.
's prominent emphasis on brush and ink is another creative development of Chinese painting art. In the eyes of literati painters, the beauty of painting lies not only in the depiction of nature, but also in the lines and colors of the painting, that is, the brush and ink. The brush and ink are not only formal and structural beauty, but also convey various subjective spiritual realms and interests in this formal structure. The reason why any realistic photography cannot replace painting is actually because the latter has the aesthetic significance of the brush and ink itself. It is not possessed by nature, but a beauty that has been refined, summarized and created by people for a long time. Zhao Mengfu said: "Stones are like flying white woods are like bamboos." When writing bamboo, you should also enter the Dharma. If someone can understand this, you must know that calligraphy and painting are the same. " painter, calligrapher and poet, has done all three tasks, and has become a basic requirement and ideal for Chinese landscape painting.
Another unique phenomenon of Chinese painting starting from Yuan painting is to write inscriptions and poems on paintings, and directly match the picture with poems and essays, complement and combine each other, which is not found in Tang and Song dynasties. Tang people's inscriptions are often hidden in the roots of tree gaps, and Song people began to write fine regular script, but they will never over-invade the picture and affect their appreciation of the picture. Yuan people are not Similarly, the inscriptions and writing on the picture sometimes have as many as hundreds of characters and tens of lines, occupying a large picture. The painter consciously makes it an important part of the entire composition. On the one hand, it not only makes calligraphy and painting cooperate with each other with the same beauty of lines, but also amplifies the literary interest and poetic meaning of the picture through the meaning clearly expressed in the text. Therefore, "the Yuan artificial calligraphy invades the position of the painting, but it feels more elegant."
At the same time, ink painting has overwhelmed the green landscape and lived in the painting world. Dominant position. Although some people have long said, "The grass and trees are prosperous, and they do not wait for the green color of the elixir, the clouds and snow are fluttering, the lead is white, the mountains are green, and the wind is green, and the wind is pure, so the five colors are used to move ink and all are called " (Choranke's official account "Records of Famous Paintings in the Years"), the real realization of this ideal is the Yuan painting that emphasizes the fun of brush and ink. It is precisely because the lines are flying, heavy, wet, thick, thin, and horizontal, and the texture of the ink, the texture of the dots are enough to describe the object, lift the atmosphere, and express the mind. , convey the concept of interest, so there is no need to consider how to paint and outline the colors of the natural scenery itself.
Since the focus is no longer on the faithful reproduction of the objective object, but on the refinement of the deep and eternal interest of the brush and ink, the picture does not have to pursue the diversity or ingenuity of the natural scenery, but only how to convey the artist's subjective mental concept through the interest of brush and ink through certain natural scenery. The scene can be very ordinary and simple, but the interest is very strong.
(excerpted from Li Zehou's "History of Beauty ")
Note: Zhu (zhòu), a type of large seal , and " Feibai " and "eight methods" are both calligraphy terms.
1. The following understanding and analysis of the relevant content of the material is incorrect (3 points)
A. Traditional Chinese literati paintings show pure beauty of tranquility, nobility, deep and broadness, and present humanistic value beyond external image.
B. The "non-visuality" of literati paintings makes the viewer less susceptible to the real world and the world of emotion and reason, and thus appreciate its "life space".
C. Song Dynasty paintings enriched the nation's aesthetic tradition, and poetic pursuit and authentic details became increasingly the basic aesthetic norms of Chinese art.
D. Although Tang and Song paintings have inscriptions or detailed regular scripts, they consciously make characters and poems an important part of the entire composition began in the Yuan Dynasty.
2. According to the content of the material, the correct statement is (3 points)
A. The characteristics of literati paintings are determined by their pursuit of truth. In order to pursue eternal truth, transcending history is an inevitable path.
B. Literary paintings must be programmed in terms of subject matter, etc., so as to satisfy the spiritual communication between painters, otherwise the exchange of ideas will not be completed.
C. Influenced by the political environment, the leadership of landscape painting fell into the hands of scholars and officials during the Yuan Dynasty, and "literati painting" was officially established, which is not contradictory to the statement of Material 1.
D. The " Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" in the Northern Song Dynasty used ochre color in the middle to express the beauty and magnificence of the mountains and rivers, realizing the creative ideal of "moving ink and all five colors".
3. In combination with the content of the material, one of the following options that cannot support the view of material is (3 points)
A. Chen Shizeng said: "Learn from the paintings are not only of noble interest, but also contain calligraphy in paintings, making the paintings feel more difficult."
B. Ni Zan said: "Love this wind and forests, which will make the feelings of hills and valleys more popular. Writing pictures is leisurely, not in the images and sounds."
C. Baiyang said: "The mountains are difficult to make, and the changes are invisible. Close the door to find the true meaning, and the development is unchanged and distorted."
D. Tang Zhiqi said: "The nature of the mountain is my nature, and the nature of the mountain is my love; water is my nature, and water is my love."
4. Please analyze the demonstration effect of the two lines in the material. (4 points)
5. The ancients said that "literati paintings mainly focus on aura and aura, and shapes and models are included in it", and there is also the saying that "the strange one is not in the position, but in the atmosphere and aura". Please combine Material 2 to talk about your understanding of this. (6 points)
(II) Modern Language Reading II (This question has 4 questions, 16 points)
Read the following text and complete questions 6 to 9.
Maltose
Xiaosu
On the morning of the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, I did not get up as early as usual. The night before, I cooked three pots of malt sugar until late at night. After I went to bed for three hours, the chicken cried. However, my father doesn't care about this. He always gets up at dawn every day. When he gets up, he has to sit on the threshold of our door door, spread his legs, press his knees with both hands, leans his body forward, and a door panel-like back will appear behind him. Whenever my father poses in such a position, I have to hurry up and grab his back. My dad said I had no future. He told me more than once, if you are like Zhiyuan Yang, Xiao Ziwen, Yu Qiankun, and like them, how could I ask you to grab my back every day?
The three people my father mentioned are three household names in our rapeseed slope. They and I have been classmates from elementary school to high school. Zhiyuan Yang is undoubtedly the most promising person in our rapeseed slope. As soon as he graduated from high school, he was admitted to a university in Beijing and went to the United States after graduation. Xiao Ziwen also has a great future. After graduating from high school, Xiao Ziwen was admitted to a university in Wuhan. After studying for college, he stayed in the provincial capital and became a major reporter for the provincial newspaper. A little bit worse is Yu Qiankun. Although he only went to one technical secondary school, he still tried every means to stay in the county town after graduation. He started to work for a few years, and later he started a company by himself and became a wealthy boss, which was quite promising.
htmlOver 0 original houses are similar to our houses. They are all made of earth bricks, covered with black tiles on the roof, and long dog tail grass on the corrugated ones.After Yu Qiankun became rich, he sent someone from the county town to push the old house and built a small western-style building on the original yard. The small western-style buildings have white walls and red tiles, which are a bit like the kind of foreign villas we often see on TV.I am the only one who has no prospects. I was a loser in the college entrance examination and couldn’t even go to the technical secondary school. I had no choice but to go back to the rapeseed slope to farm. Nowadays, farming alone is not a good life. In order to make life a little better, I learned to boil malt sugar. While farming, I cook malt sugar and sell it to the villagers, earning a few pocket money. In Youlaipo, boiling malt sugar is also a woman's job, and only men with no prospects can do such things that women do. When I first started learning to cook malt sugar, my father said to me in a sarcastic tone, "It seems that you are really unpromising!"
After the Little New Year, the rapeseed slope gradually has a New Year atmosphere. Every year at this time, I have to carry the malt sugar I made in my backpack and go to the village to sell it everywhere. I want to earn some money to get some New Year’s goods. In fact, the New Year’s goods I want to buy is simple. In addition to making a few kilograms of wine and buying a few packs of cigarettes, the main thing is to go to the town to buy a new outfit for my father so that he can wear it on his body during the New Year. As a person with no prospects, I am happy to see him during the Chinese New Year. I think it is worth getting up early and going to bed late this year. Chaoranke public account
After breakfast that day, I went out with my bag on my back. I moved from the north of the village to the west of the village. It was almost noon, and almost half of the maltose in my backpack was sold. The small foreign house of Yu Qiankun’s house is located on the west side of the village. Although Yu’s father and Yu’s mother live in a small foreign house, they do not lack food or clothing, the old couple are very lonely and always hope that someone will talk to them. Yu Qiankun once wanted to take his father and mother to live in the county town, but the old couple was not used to life in the city. They could only stay in the city for half a month and had to go back to the rapeseed slope, as if they would go crazy if they stayed there.
Yu Dad and Yu Mom both have diabetes and can't get any sweet stuff, so they won't buy my malt sugar. Just as I was about to leave, Dad Yu walked out of the small foreign building and he saw my backpack at a glance. Farming, is there maltose? Mr. Yu asked. Yes, I said. Weigh five pounds to me, Mr. Yu said. You have diabetes and can't eat maltose. If you eat it, you will get sick, I said. I wish I had an illness, and when I got sick, Qiankun would come back to see me! Mr. Yu said. I was stunned for a moment and didn't call him maltose. At this time, Yu's mother also came out of the small foreign building, and she also wanted to buy malt sugar. I said in a little embarrassedly, it’s not that I don’t sell it to you, it’s that you can’t eat maltose! Yu’s mother said, we can’t eat it, Qiankun can eat it, I bought it and waited for Qiankun and others to go home for the New Year! After hearing what she said, I hesitated to weigh maltose to them.
It’s New Year’s Eve in the blink of an eye. After selling maltose, I rushed to my home quickly. There were still many things waiting for me to go back and do. When I saw the chimney on the roof of my stove, I heard a string of crying. I turned my head and saw that it was Yu Qiankun's mother. When my mother Yu saw me, she immediately stopped crying. She walked up to me in two steps and said, "Oh, my old man who ate your maltose has caused diabetes." He is now fainting on my sofa! I said a little tremblingly, God! Did he forget that people with diabetes cannot eat maltose? Yu’s mother said, “Oh, he ate it on purpose!”
My mother told me that last night, Yu Qiankun called back from the county town and said that the company was busy with business and could not go home for the New Year. When Dad Yu heard this, he became anxious and immediately said, "If you don't come back, I'll get sick by eating maltose. Do you want to come back for the New Year?" At that time, Yu's mother thought that Yu's father was talking angry, but she didn't expect that he might have eaten malt sugar and he secretly ate more than a pound alone. Dad Yu felt something was wrong, he was dizzy, and he felt sweaty all over his body. There were medicines for diabetes at home, so Yu's mother quickly took him a few tablets. She thought that Dad Yu would be cured after taking the medicine, but she didn't expect that his illness would be severe and he fell into a coma.
2022 Weifang High School Subject Core Literacy Assessment
Senior Three Chinese
2022.3
Notes:
1. Before answering the paper, candidates must fill in their name, candidate number and seat number on the designated locations of the answer sheet and the test paper. 2. When answering multiple-choice questions, after selecting the answers to each question, use a pencil to blacken the answer number of the corresponding questions of the answer sheet. If you need to change it, wipe it clean with an eraser and then select other answer marks. When answering non-multiple-choice questions, write the answer on the answer sheet. Written on this test paper is invalid. 3. After the exam is over, return the test paper and the answer sheet together.
1. Modern Language Reading (35 points)
(I) Modern Language Reading I (This question has 5 questions, 19 points)
Read the following text and complete questions 1 to 5.
Material 1:
Literary painting is a painting with "literary popularity". It has the pursuit of humanistic value and is not a tool to paint images. The literati paintings of traditional top Chinese masters have a pure beauty that cannot be expressed in words. In this world, perhaps only the quiet and noble Greek sculptures and the deep and vast European classical music can be compared. The fundamental factor that promotes the development of traditional literati painting lies in "truth", one is the truth of external images, and the other is the truth of life. The painter integrates the three elements of brush and ink, hills and valleys (referring to the concrete factors in literati paintings), and weather, so that it presents a kind of thinking that transcends form and a deformed pursuit.
paintings are the "language" of "conversation" between literati painters who value the communication of their spirit. This set of language can be roughly divided into three levels: one is the subject language, and one mountain and one water (cold forest, dead trees, distant mountains, near water, empty pavilions, and stream bridges) are their language. The infinite people and things hidden in the vast history (the allusion of Chaoranke official account) have also become their language; the second is the stylization of brush and ink, such as the Dongyuan model, which is a traditional model wrapped in styling of , Jiangnan landscape characteristics, ethereal world and other contents. The Mijia landscape is another set of patterns that are dyed with water and ink, reflecting the visual effect of misty and confusion; the third is the stylization of the realm, such as the desolation and coldness of the painting environment. Since Northern Song , it has become the aura and charm characteristics that literati paintings focus on, and the loneliness of the cloud forest has also become a program that painters of the Ming and Qing dynasties imitated.
Literary painting is not about the "eye" but about the "heart", that is, it is not for the painting to show you, but allows you to integrate into it and gain the insight of life. Visuality makes people easily stay in the specific image world, which is inconsistent with the viewpoints of realm creation and life presentation advocated by literati paintings; the visual space can easily inspire people to cause imagination activities from specific things and make people be entangled by the world of emotion and reason, which is also inconsistent with the transcendent realm pursued by literati paintings. Literary painting is committed to creating a "life space". "Life space" is an absolute form of space. "If you are afraid of painting, it is called being able to draw" is a transcendence of spatiality. There is also the concept of "absolute space" in physics, but "absolute space" is still a concrete form of space, but it is just a space that exists forever, uniform everywhere, and never moves. The fundamental purpose of literati painting is to break away from the specific space and reflect the logic of inner life.
In order to pursue eternal truth, transcendence of time is its inevitable path. Non-temporality does not mean ignoring history. On the contrary, literati paintings have a strong "historical sense" and a deep historical feeling that transcends historical appearance. From the overall temperament of literati paintings, they can be said to be "nostalgic in the past". The "no historical and vertical atmosphere" that literati painting emphasizes is to emphasize that the fundamental of painting lies in creation, not recording. Literary painters should discover the truth behind the historical appearance and discover the true "history" - a deep "sense of history".
In short, literati painting is a painting that transcends form. Painters show the true humanistic value of his life through grammars such as stylization, non-visuality, and non-temporality. Even if some works no longer exist, the reflection of the life of the creator and recipients contained can still inspire people with life.
(excerpted from Zhu Liangzhi's "Humanistic Value of Traditional Literary Paintings")
Material 2:
Song paintings have greatly enriched the aesthetic tradition of the Chinese nation, regardless of content or form. The pursuit of poetry and the authenticity of details are simultaneously carried out, which is the same as the development trend of poetry and prose, and is increasingly becoming the basic aesthetic criterion of the entire Chinese art . However, Yuan painting is very different from Song paintings. The most obvious thing is the variation in aesthetic taste brought about by the rapid changes in society. Mongolian Entering the Central Plains, some scholars gave up the traditional path of "learning good will lead to officialdom", and placed their time, energy and emotions on literature and art, and landscape painting has also become one of the areas of this sustenance. With the demise of the Zhao Song Dynasty, the leadership of landscape painting finally fell into the hands of the sages and doctors, and since then, "literati painting" was officially established.
The so-called "literati painting" certainly has its basic characteristics. First of all, the literary interest is extremely prominent, which can be said to be the fusion and unity of similarity between form and spirit, realistic and poetic. However, the continued development of the contradiction between form and spirit, realistic and poetic, under the social atmosphere of the Yuan Dynasty and the psychological conditions of the literati, made the latter absolutely overwhelm the former and directly revealed it, and went to a situation that was exactly the opposite of the Northern Song Dynasty: the resemblance of form and realistic were quickly placed in a secondary position, emphasizing subjective mood and mood. The basic aesthetic principle of "vibrant spirit" that has always been emphasized in Chinese painting is no longer placed on objective objects, but entirely on subjective intentions.
's prominent emphasis on brush and ink is another creative development of Chinese painting art. In the eyes of literati painters, the beauty of painting lies not only in the depiction of nature, but also in the lines and colors of the painting, that is, the brush and ink. The brush and ink are not only formal and structural beauty, but also convey various subjective spiritual realms and interests in this formal structure. The reason why any realistic photography cannot replace painting is actually because the latter has the aesthetic significance of the brush and ink itself. It is not possessed by nature, but a beauty that has been refined, summarized and created by people for a long time. Zhao Mengfu said: "Stones are like flying white woods are like bamboos." When writing bamboo, you should also enter the Dharma. If someone can understand this, you must know that calligraphy and painting are the same. " painter, calligrapher and poet, has done all three tasks, and has become a basic requirement and ideal for Chinese landscape painting.
Another unique phenomenon of Chinese painting starting from Yuan painting is to write inscriptions and poems on paintings, and directly match the picture with poems and essays, complement and combine each other, which is not found in Tang and Song dynasties. Tang people's inscriptions are often hidden in the roots of tree gaps, and Song people began to write fine regular script, but they will never over-invade the picture and affect their appreciation of the picture. Yuan people are not Similarly, the inscriptions and writing on the picture sometimes have as many as hundreds of characters and tens of lines, occupying a large picture. The painter consciously makes it an important part of the entire composition. On the one hand, it not only makes calligraphy and painting cooperate with each other with the same beauty of lines, but also amplifies the literary interest and poetic meaning of the picture through the meaning clearly expressed in the text. Therefore, "the Yuan artificial calligraphy invades the position of the painting, but it feels more elegant."
At the same time, ink painting has overwhelmed the green landscape and lived in the painting world. Dominant position. Although some people have long said, "The grass and trees are prosperous, and they do not wait for the green color of the elixir, the clouds and snow are fluttering, the lead is white, the mountains are green, and the wind is green, and the wind is pure, so the five colors are used to move ink and all are called " (Choranke's official account "Records of Famous Paintings in the Years"), the real realization of this ideal is the Yuan painting that emphasizes the fun of brush and ink. It is precisely because the lines are flying, heavy, wet, thick, thin, and horizontal, and the texture of the ink, the texture of the dots are enough to describe the object, lift the atmosphere, and express the mind. , convey the concept of interest, so there is no need to consider how to paint and outline the colors of the natural scenery itself.
Since the focus is no longer on the faithful reproduction of the objective object, but on the refinement of the deep and eternal interest of the brush and ink, the picture does not have to pursue the diversity or ingenuity of the natural scenery, but only how to convey the artist's subjective mental concept through the interest of brush and ink through certain natural scenery. The scene can be very ordinary and simple, but the interest is very strong.
(excerpted from Li Zehou's "History of Beauty ")
Note: Zhu (zhòu), a type of large seal , and " Feibai " and "eight methods" are both calligraphy terms.
1. The following understanding and analysis of the relevant content of the material is incorrect (3 points)
A. Traditional Chinese literati paintings show pure beauty of tranquility, nobility, deep and broadness, and present humanistic value beyond external image.
B. The "non-visuality" of literati paintings makes the viewer less susceptible to the real world and the world of emotion and reason, and thus appreciate its "life space".
C. Song Dynasty paintings enriched the nation's aesthetic tradition, and poetic pursuit and authentic details became increasingly the basic aesthetic norms of Chinese art.
D. Although Tang and Song paintings have inscriptions or detailed regular scripts, they consciously make characters and poems an important part of the entire composition began in the Yuan Dynasty.
2. According to the content of the material, the correct statement is (3 points)
A. The characteristics of literati paintings are determined by their pursuit of truth. In order to pursue eternal truth, transcending history is an inevitable path.
B. Literary paintings must be programmed in terms of subject matter, etc., so as to satisfy the spiritual communication between painters, otherwise the exchange of ideas will not be completed.
C. Influenced by the political environment, the leadership of landscape painting fell into the hands of scholars and officials during the Yuan Dynasty, and "literati painting" was officially established, which is not contradictory to the statement of Material 1.
D. The " Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" in the Northern Song Dynasty used ochre color in the middle to express the beauty and magnificence of the mountains and rivers, realizing the creative ideal of "moving ink and all five colors".
3. In combination with the content of the material, one of the following options that cannot support the view of material is (3 points)
A. Chen Shizeng said: "Learn from the paintings are not only of noble interest, but also contain calligraphy in paintings, making the paintings feel more difficult."
B. Ni Zan said: "Love this wind and forests, which will make the feelings of hills and valleys more popular. Writing pictures is leisurely, not in the images and sounds."
C. Baiyang said: "The mountains are difficult to make, and the changes are invisible. Close the door to find the true meaning, and the development is unchanged and distorted."
D. Tang Zhiqi said: "The nature of the mountain is my nature, and the nature of the mountain is my love; water is my nature, and water is my love."
4. Please analyze the demonstration effect of the two lines in the material. (4 points)
5. The ancients said that "literati paintings mainly focus on aura and aura, and shapes and models are included in it", and there is also the saying that "the strange one is not in the position, but in the atmosphere and aura". Please combine Material 2 to talk about your understanding of this. (6 points)
(II) Modern Language Reading II (This question has 4 questions, 16 points)
Read the following text and complete questions 6 to 9.
Maltose
Xiaosu
On the morning of the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, I did not get up as early as usual. The night before, I cooked three pots of malt sugar until late at night. After I went to bed for three hours, the chicken cried. However, my father doesn't care about this. He always gets up at dawn every day. When he gets up, he has to sit on the threshold of our door door, spread his legs, press his knees with both hands, leans his body forward, and a door panel-like back will appear behind him. Whenever my father poses in such a position, I have to hurry up and grab his back. My dad said I had no future. He told me more than once, if you are like Zhiyuan Yang, Xiao Ziwen, Yu Qiankun, and like them, how could I ask you to grab my back every day?
The three people my father mentioned are three household names in our rapeseed slope. They and I have been classmates from elementary school to high school. Zhiyuan Yang is undoubtedly the most promising person in our rapeseed slope. As soon as he graduated from high school, he was admitted to a university in Beijing and went to the United States after graduation. Xiao Ziwen also has a great future. After graduating from high school, Xiao Ziwen was admitted to a university in Wuhan. After studying for college, he stayed in the provincial capital and became a major reporter for the provincial newspaper. A little bit worse is Yu Qiankun. Although he only went to one technical secondary school, he still tried every means to stay in the county town after graduation. He started to work for a few years, and later he started a company by himself and became a wealthy boss, which was quite promising.
htmlOver 0 original houses are similar to our houses. They are all made of earth bricks, covered with black tiles on the roof, and long dog tail grass on the corrugated ones.After Yu Qiankun became rich, he sent someone from the county town to push the old house and built a small western-style building on the original yard. The small western-style buildings have white walls and red tiles, which are a bit like the kind of foreign villas we often see on TV.I am the only one who has no prospects. I was a loser in the college entrance examination and couldn’t even go to the technical secondary school. I had no choice but to go back to the rapeseed slope to farm. Nowadays, farming alone is not a good life. In order to make life a little better, I learned to boil malt sugar. While farming, I cook malt sugar and sell it to the villagers, earning a few pocket money. In Youlaipo, boiling malt sugar is also a woman's job, and only men with no prospects can do such things that women do. When I first started learning to cook malt sugar, my father said to me in a sarcastic tone, "It seems that you are really unpromising!"
After the Little New Year, the rapeseed slope gradually has a New Year atmosphere. Every year at this time, I have to carry the malt sugar I made in my backpack and go to the village to sell it everywhere. I want to earn some money to get some New Year’s goods. In fact, the New Year’s goods I want to buy is simple. In addition to making a few kilograms of wine and buying a few packs of cigarettes, the main thing is to go to the town to buy a new outfit for my father so that he can wear it on his body during the New Year. As a person with no prospects, I am happy to see him during the Chinese New Year. I think it is worth getting up early and going to bed late this year. Chaoranke public account
After breakfast that day, I went out with my bag on my back. I moved from the north of the village to the west of the village. It was almost noon, and almost half of the maltose in my backpack was sold. The small foreign house of Yu Qiankun’s house is located on the west side of the village. Although Yu’s father and Yu’s mother live in a small foreign house, they do not lack food or clothing, the old couple are very lonely and always hope that someone will talk to them. Yu Qiankun once wanted to take his father and mother to live in the county town, but the old couple was not used to life in the city. They could only stay in the city for half a month and had to go back to the rapeseed slope, as if they would go crazy if they stayed there.
Yu Dad and Yu Mom both have diabetes and can't get any sweet stuff, so they won't buy my malt sugar. Just as I was about to leave, Dad Yu walked out of the small foreign building and he saw my backpack at a glance. Farming, is there maltose? Mr. Yu asked. Yes, I said. Weigh five pounds to me, Mr. Yu said. You have diabetes and can't eat maltose. If you eat it, you will get sick, I said. I wish I had an illness, and when I got sick, Qiankun would come back to see me! Mr. Yu said. I was stunned for a moment and didn't call him maltose. At this time, Yu's mother also came out of the small foreign building, and she also wanted to buy malt sugar. I said in a little embarrassedly, it’s not that I don’t sell it to you, it’s that you can’t eat maltose! Yu’s mother said, we can’t eat it, Qiankun can eat it, I bought it and waited for Qiankun and others to go home for the New Year! After hearing what she said, I hesitated to weigh maltose to them.
It’s New Year’s Eve in the blink of an eye. After selling maltose, I rushed to my home quickly. There were still many things waiting for me to go back and do. When I saw the chimney on the roof of my stove, I heard a string of crying. I turned my head and saw that it was Yu Qiankun's mother. When my mother Yu saw me, she immediately stopped crying. She walked up to me in two steps and said, "Oh, my old man who ate your maltose has caused diabetes." He is now fainting on my sofa! I said a little tremblingly, God! Did he forget that people with diabetes cannot eat maltose? Yu’s mother said, “Oh, he ate it on purpose!”
My mother told me that last night, Yu Qiankun called back from the county town and said that the company was busy with business and could not go home for the New Year. When Dad Yu heard this, he became anxious and immediately said, "If you don't come back, I'll get sick by eating maltose. Do you want to come back for the New Year?" At that time, Yu's mother thought that Yu's father was talking angry, but she didn't expect that he might have eaten malt sugar and he secretly ate more than a pound alone. Dad Yu felt something was wrong, he was dizzy, and he felt sweaty all over his body. There were medicines for diabetes at home, so Yu's mother quickly took him a few tablets. She thought that Dad Yu would be cured after taking the medicine, but she didn't expect that his illness would be severe and he fell into a coma.When Yu's mother said this, she suddenly grabbed my hands and said, "Being a farmer, it seems that it's not okay to carry the dead old man to the hospital for an injection, but he is so heavy that I can't carry him!"
I am a little enthusiastic because I am not promising. No matter which family in the village asks me for help, I will agree readily and never say a word. So I ran to the Yu family's small foreign building and quickly carried Yu's father to the village committee medical office. When the doctor hung the needle for Mr. Yu, the sound of firecrackers sounded everywhere on the rapeseed slope. People started to have the New Year’s Eve dinner at this time. As soon as I heard the sound of firecrackers, my heart immediately flew home. When I said goodbye to Mom Yu, she looked at me reluctantly, as if she didn't want me to leave. But I have to leave, I want to go home, my dad is at home.
When I got home, my wife had already steamed steamed pork . She said that after pasting couplets and simmering wine, it was time to start eating. When I pasted couplets, my son helped me, so we put them in a while. Next, I cooked wine for my father. When the wine was fragrant, I shouted to my father, "Dad, it's time for the New Year's Eve dinner!" My son lit firecrackers. Amid the warm sound of firecrackers, my wife brought the dishes she made from the stove to the square table in the main hall. Then, our family of four occupied a corner of the table and started eating the New Year’s Eve dinner.
After the reunion dinner, it was almost dusk. After drinking a little too much from his father, he walked to the door crookedly and sat on the threshold. I also drank a little too. As soon as I saw my father sitting on the threshold, I quickly ran up and habitually reached into his back. I said with my tongue wide, Dad, I'll grab your back! My dad muttered, didn’t he catch it in the morning? I said, today is the New Year, I will catch you twice! My father said, you are such a futile person.
(with deleted and modified)
6. The correct understanding of the novel-related content is (3 points)
A. I spent malt sugar in addition to farming to subsidize my family income, which not only shows my hard work, but also shows that I also want to be as prosperous and rich as my friends.
B. My father always thought that I was a person with no prospects and did no future things, so he asked me to grab his back every day to comfort myself.
C. In order to let my father change his view of me being unpromising, when I was buying New Year’s goods, I mainly went to buy new clothes for my father.
D.Yu’s father knew he had diabetes, but he still deliberately took candy and made him sick, using this method to express his desire for family affection for his children.
7. The following analysis and appreciation of the artistic characteristics of the novel is incorrect (3 points)
A. The novel uses first-person narrative and tells the story of me working in a poor village after failing the college entrance examination, which narrows the distance with readers and enhances the authenticity of the story. Chaoranke official account
B. The novel tells the story of my three classmates doing well in society and becoming enviable and promising people, which is in sharp contrast to me, which makes me feel inferior.
C. The novel uses various descriptive techniques, such as language, action, psychological description , etc., to create the image of a son who is considered to be unreliable by his father but can be filial at any time.
D. The novel uses a large number of spoken and local languages, such as "passionate and quick-hearted", "reunion dinner", and "stewing wine", making the novel language style plain and simple, simple and natural.
8. The original description of "I" in the article scratching my father's back is the most moving scene in this novel. Please talk about your understanding based on the text. (4 points)
9. The novel presents us with the "inequalities" of children's future and parents' happiness. How is this "inequalities" reflected in the text? How should we handle the relationship between the two in modern society? Please analyze it in detail based on the text. (6 points)
2. Read ancient poetry and prose (35 points)
(I) Read classical Chinese (This question has 5 questions, 20 points)
Read the following classical Chinese and complete questions 10 to 14.
At the beginning of Zhenguan, the Lingnan provinces reported to the Gaozhou Chieftain Feng Ang rebelled. General Lin Su sent dozens of troops to fight against him. Wei Zheng advised: "China has just settled, but the wounds have not returned, and the miasma in Lingnan is difficult to continue. If it is not satisfactory, you cannot pursue it.Moreover, if Feng Ang rebelled, he would have to make friends with distant people and divide the troops into danger and plunder the prefectures and counties. Why did he sue the soldiers for several years and not leave the country? This was a failure and there was no way to move the crowd. If you send an envoy now and clearly explain it, you will not work hard to get a brigade and will lead to the garrison. "Taizong followed it and the Lingbian was settled. Taizong said, "At the beginning, the states in Lingnan rebelled, and I must want to fight it. Wei Zheng frequently advised him, thinking that he would only be virtuous and would not come to him. After following his plan, it is better than a hundred thousand troops. "In the fourth year of Zhenguan, a minister said, "The barbarian country in Linyi was not in line with the controversy, so please send troops to attack him. "Taizong said: "A weapon is a fierce weapon, and it is necessary to use it. Since ancient times, there has been a strong military force, and no one has not yet died. Fu Jian Relying on his strength in the army, he must swallow the Jin army and raise millions of troops, but he died in one fell swoop. The Sui lord must also want to take Goryeo, and he worked hard for many years, and he was unable to bear the grudges, so he died at the hands of an ordinary man. Now that I see this, how could I send troops immediately? "It was not even a problem. In the fifth year of Zhenguan, Kang State requested to submit. Emperor Taizong said: "The emperors of the previous dynasty had great efforts to broaden the land to seek a false reputation after their lives, which would be of no benefit to their own people, and their people were very distressed. Since Kang State came to the court, he had to rescue him if he had urgent difficulties. If he traveled thousands of miles, how could he do nothing to the people? If you want the people to seek fame, it is not what I want. If you ask for it, you don’t need to accept it. "In the 19th year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong was going to conquer Goryeo personally. Yuchi Jingde reported: "If the carriage goes to Liao Zuo, the crown prince will also supervise the country. Even if there are guards in the east and west, it will be empty. Moreover, a small country in the border area is not enough to work hard. If you ask for a good general to be appointed, you can destroy it in time. "Although Taizong did not follow his advice, he knew it.
Taizong's "Emperor Fan Chaoranke Public Account" says: "Although the land is wide, if the people are wary, the people will wither; if China is peaceful, if the people are forgot to fight, the people will be in danger. Withering is not a method of preservation, it is not a method of imitating a siege. It cannot be eliminated completely and cannot be used frequently. Therefore, when the farmer's gap is in martial arts, he is accustomed to the majesty; when he manages the army for three years, he distinguishes the orders. Therefore, Gou Jian Shi's frog's [Note] finally achieved hegemony; Xu Yan abandoned Wu and eventually lost his country. Why? The more you learn the power of yours, the more you forget your preparation. "
[Note] Goujian Shi frog: According to legend, King Goujian of Yue sent troops to attack Wu, and saw an angry frog on the way. In order to show respect for bravery, he respected Shi.
10. The correct one of the following sentences for the wavy lines in the text is (3 points)
A. And Feng Ang-or rebelled / he must join China in a foreign country / divided the troops to break the danger / broken the danger / broken the prefectures and counties / set up lawsuits / He because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country /
B. And Feng Ang-or rebelled / he must join China in a foreign country / divided the troops to break the danger / broken the prefectures and counties / set up lawsuits / He because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country /
B. And Feng Ang-or rebelled / he must join China in a foreign country / split the troops to break the danger / broken the prefectures and counties / set up lawsuits / He because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country for several years /
B. And Feng Ang-or rebelled / he must join China in a foreign country / split the troops to break the danger / broke the prefectures and counties / set up lawsuits / He because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country for several years /
C. And if Feng Ang is rebelling, he must join China in Weining / to get along with distant people / to break the danger / to break the danger / to break the prefectures and counties / to set up lawsuits / because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country for several years / to
D. And if Feng Ang is rebelling, he must join China in Weining / to break the danger / to break the danger / to break the prefectures and counties / to set up lawsuits / because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country / to
11. The following explanation of the relevant contents of the words added to the text is incorrect. (3 points)
A. The ling table is the south of the five ridges, which is also called outside the mountain. For example, Su Shi has a poem "Eat three hundred lychees a day," Resigning to be a Lingnan person."
B. Commentary refers to the memorials submitted to the emperor by a minister. The focus is on giving advice, such as " Demotion of Confessions "; the focus is on explaining the situation in sections, such as " Admonitions to Emperor Taizong's Ten Thoughts ".
C. Restraining the country, a political system in ancient China, usually refers to the prince staying in the palace to handle state affairs when the emperor went out; it also refers to the monarch's failure to take charge of the ruler and others act as the government affairs.
D. Ten thousand cheng, the article refers to the emperor. Zhou system, the emperor is thousands of miles away and sent ten thousand chariots, so the emperor is called "ten thousand cheng", which is in line with " The Qin Dynasty" 》The meaning of "Wancheng" in "To the Ten Thousand Chengs" is the same.
12. The following overview of the contents of the original text is (3 points)
A. Emperor Taizong followed Wei Zheng's advice and pacified the land of Lingnan without abolishing one soldier. Therefore, he praised Wei Zheng's outstanding ability.
B. Taizong believed that war was an ominous thing and should not be launched easily. Fu Jian and the Sui lords were both destructive due to the military force.
C. Tang Taizong did not seek fame. He was worried that protecting the subordinate parliament would cause the people of his country to be exhausted, and did not agree to the request of Kang Guo to surrender.
D. Yuchi Jingde opposes Emperor Taizong of Tang’s personal expedition to Goryeo. Although Emperor Taizong thinks he is right, he does not follow his advice in the end.
13. Translate the sentences with horizontal lines in the text into modern Chinese. (8 points)
(1) If you send an envoy now and clearly explain it, you will not work hard to get a brigade and will lead to the garrison. (4 points)
(2) Although the land is wide, if the war is good, the people will wither; if China is safe, if the war is forgotten, the people will be in danger. (4 points)
14. What are the intentions of Emperor Taizong of Tang using the examples of Goujian and Xu Yan at the end of the article? (3 points)
(2) Reading of ancient poetry (This question has 2 sub-questions, 9 points)
Read the following Tang poem, complete questions 15 to 16.
Given General Zhang
Yang Juyuan
Guanxi generals bowed to the light, and the sword of the independent camp gate was frost.
Know Ai Lu Lian ① to return to the sea, and will allow Wang Jian ② to be in Pinyang.
The sun is sunny and the red flags are full of mountains, and the sun is clear and the sun is clear and the walls are long.
People envy you for your youth, and the trees in the Han family are all vast.
Note: ①Lu Lian, Lu Zhonglian , Warring States Historical Qi Kingdom , helped Pingyuanjun to wander on the sea after he succeeded, and refused to become an official. ②Wang Jian, a general of the Qin State in during the Warring States Period. When Qin destroyed Chu, because the King of Qin did not use any words, he entrusted his illness to resign from his post and returned to Pinyang for his retirement. ③ The Han family’s tree, “Chronicle Chaoranke Official Account” is called “Han Tan Smoke Tree”, “Han Tan” refers to the place where Liu Bang builds the altar and worships Han Xin as a general.
15. The following understanding and appreciation of poetry is incorrect (3 points)
A. The first couplet depicts the picture of General Zhang taking credit for in Kansai area and its majestic posture in the army.
B. Although the neck couplet does not contain traces of battle, it can still allow readers to imagine the intense battle scenes of the frontier.
C. The poem uses frost sword, red flag, clear basin, long stop, etc., reflecting the vigorous and majestic style characteristics.
D. The poetry borrows the allusions of Lu Lian, Wang Jian and the Han Dynasty worship generals, enriches the meaning of the poem and enhances the realm of the poem.
16. When talking about the background of the creation of this poem, my predecessor said, "Why does the general have the ambition to retire?" What do you think? Please briefly analyze it in combination with the text. (6 points)
(3) Descriptive writing of famous sentences (This question has 3 questions in total, 6 points)
17. Make up for the vacant parts in the following sentences. (6 points)
(1) In "The Analects of Confucius·Li Ren", the two sentences that emphasize that we should not only learn from the excellent people around us, but also strengthen self-reflection are "____________________".
(2) In "The Untamed Biao", Li Mi uses the two sentences "_________, _________" to express the request to not give up his life from the perspective of time, and cleverly resolves the contradiction between loyalty and filial piety.
(3) Guanshan refers to the mountains and rivers of Guanzhai, and also refers to distant places. This image often appears in poetry in Tang and Song dynasties, and poets often use it to express their sorrow and sad feelings, such as "___________________".
3. Language and text application (20 points)
(I) Language and text application I (This question has 3 questions, 10 points)
Read the following text and complete questions 18 to 20.
Watching lanterns on the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, old Beijingers are generally called "Lantern Market" or " Lanterns ", and some are also called "Lantern Festival". But whether it is the word "彩", "彩", or "彩", it reflects the flaunting spirit of Lantern Festival at that time. (①), showing rich and infinite imagination. Many lights gather together, which is a small encyclopedia. Since when, the Lantern Festival has entered the park or TV. Even if you can see the lights in front of streets, alleys, tall buildings and business shops, almost ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In old Beijing, (A) Lantern Festival is in the streets and alleys, and among the common people, there is the "noisy" spirit of "speech". At that time, Qianmen and Liulichang were the most glorious. "There are light horses and light cars alleys, and the spring is increasing again. Tonight I was idle and the moon was reunited, so many tourists only looked at the lights", Chaoranke official account (②). (B) Even in the alley and in the courtyard, children will carry lanterns , angrily wind (a simple circular lantern), or small orange lanterns to run around the world.
Now, the Lantern Festival has no longer the "notch" of the past, and the lamps cannot be compared with those _____________. For Lantern Festival lantern , our imagination seems to be ________, and the taste of Lantern Festival is the only taste of Lantern Festival.
18. Fill in the words on the horizontal line in the text in sequence. The appropriate item is (3 points).
A. Shrinking as if it is the same, dazzling, degenerate
B. Shrinking as the same, dazzling, degenerate
C. Shrinking as if it is the same, dazzling, degenerate
D. Shrinking as if it is the same, dazzling, degenerate
D. Shrinking as if it is the same, dizzy, degenerate
19. The following statement is correct (3 points)
A. The word "even if" is used improperly, it should be changed to "although".
B. The positions of the sentences (A) (B) can be interchanged and do not affect the expression of the text.
C. Adding wavy lines uses the rhetorical technique of simulating objects and is vivid and vivid.
D. The folk customs and language in the text are full of Beijing flavor, but the regional characteristics are not distinct enough.
20. Write appropriate sentences at (①) (②) to make the whole paragraph complete and coherent meaning, appropriate content, and rigorous logic. There are no more than 12 words per place. (4 points)
(II) Language and text application II (This question has 2 questions, 10 points)
Read the following text and complete questions 21~22.
Aliases of the five iconic competition venues of the Beijing Winter Olympics are simple and clear, and have good sound and meaning.
" Snowy Dragon ", ___________. "Snow Ruyi", the national ski jump center, is designed inspiration from the traditional Chinese auspicious ornament "Ruyi". The S-shaped curve of its section and the top are like the "handle body" and "handle head" of "Ruyi". "Ruyi" is also a symbol of Chinese traditional culture , meaning good luck and satisfaction. "Snow Feitian" is an alias for Shougang Skiing Platform. Its gorgeous and twisted appearance looks like the business card of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes - "Feitian" with a lively and elegant body. Chaoranke public account "Water Cube" has long been famous as the National Swimming Center . Now the "Water Cube" turns magnificently into the "Ice Cube", achieving a seamless connection between the two movements. The difference between "water" and "ice" lies in whether there is a symbol of "medical". "Ice Ribbon" is the world's first Winter Olympics speed skating venue that uses carbon dioxide cross-critical direct cooling ice making technology. Inspired by the old Beijing traditional winter game "Ice Gyro", the designer used 22 crystal-like curved glass curtain walls surrounding the outer layer to "trace" the shadows of athletes skating quickly.
21. Please write an introduction word for the "Snow Travel Dragon" venue based on the bird's-eye view of "Snow Travel Dragon" and imitate the wavy line sentence in the text. Requirements: Comply with the characteristics of the venue, use at least one rhetoric. (6 points)
(National snow car sled venue)
22. Please briefly summarize the three characteristics reflected in the design of the five major venues based on the content of the paragraph. Requirements: Each feature does not exceed 15 words. (4 points)
4. Writing (60 points)
23. Read the following materials and write according to the requirements. (60 points)
Material 1:
Qiu Zhang asked: "Does a gentleman compete with each other?"
Zi said: "When you see profit, fight for favor, and fight for justice, and fight for reform if you are not good at fighting for change."
——"Wen Zhongzi·Wei Xiangpian"
Material 2:
Only if you don't compete, so no one in the world can compete with it.
——"Tao Te Ching"
Please write an article in the content of the materials to reflect your feelings and thoughts.
requirements: select the right angle, determine the idea, clarify the style, and write your own title; do not copy, do not copy; do not disclose personal information; no less than 800 words.
Reference answers and scoring criteria
1. Modern language reading (35 points)
(I) Modern language reading] (This question has 5 questions, 19 points)
1.A (Zhang Guan Li Dai)
2.C (A misinterprets the meaning of the text, B expresses absolute, D is not happening)
3.A (emphasizing the value of calligraphy to literati painting)
4.① Comparative argumentation, (1 point) Comparison and argumentation by literati painting with the concept of "absolute space" in physics, and clearly argue that the purpose of literati painting is to break away from the specific space, reflect the inner logic of life, and gain the view of life perception.(1 point)
② Quote argument, (1 point) By citing Zhao Mengfu's poem, it proves that the beauty of painting lies in the lines and colors of the painting, which is very authoritative and persuasive. (1 point)
5.① "Aura and charm" is the realm and interest of the spirit of the brush and ink of literati. ② Chinese painting always emphasizes the aesthetic principle of "spiritual and dynamic", downplays the resemblance and realistic, and emphasizes subjective mood. ③ Chaoranke official account The picture does not pursue the diversity or ingenuity of natural scenery, but pursues the interest of brush and ink to convey the artist's subjective mental concepts. (6 points, 2 points per point)
(II) Modern Language Reading II (This question has 4 questions, 16 points)
6.D (A. "Getting rich through development" is wrong, B. "Let me grab his back every day to comfort myself" is wrong, C. "Buy new clothes for my father to change my father's view of my lack of prospects" is wrong)
7.B ("I am indecently inferior")
8.① It reflects the filial piety of my son and the harmonious relationship between father and son. ② The original description is full of life atmosphere and reflects the ideal life form in the traditional agricultural civilized society. (4 points, 2 points per point)
9. Reflects: ① Yu Qiankun has a promising life, allowing his parents to live a life of adequate food and clothing, but cannot let his parents enjoy the joy of family; ② I have no promising life, and did not let my father live a rich life, but let him enjoy the joy and satisfaction of life. (2 points)
The relationship between the two: ① While pursuing personal prospects, we should not ignore the happiness that brings daily human emotions to our parents; ② While we allow our parents to gain spiritual happiness, we should also have a future, satisfy their parents, and actively assume social responsibilities and obligations. (4 points, 2 points per point)
2. Reading of ancient poetry (35 points)
(I) Reading of civil servants (This question has 5 questions, 20 points)
10.A (And if Feng Ang rebelled, he would have to be in peace with China, divide his troops and break the dangers, break the prefectures and counties, and set up lawsuits. Why did the soldiers not leave the country after several years?)
11.D ("The meaning of "Wancheng" in "Theory of the Over Qin Dynasty"" is the same as the "Wancheng" of Wancheng""" is wrong)
12.D ("Although Taizong thought he was right" is wrong)
13.(1) Now if he sends an envoy, he will tell them clearly that he will not have to bother the army, and they will surrender to the court themselves. (4 points. 1 point each of "talk", "labor" and "recruitment", and 1 point for the meaning of the language)
(2) Although the territory is vast, being keen on war will decay people's livelihood; although the Central Plains are stable, ignoring war preparations will make the people slack off. (4 points. 1 point each of "wither", "China" and "inflict" and "death", 1 point for the meaning of the word)
14. ① Use Goujian's example to warn the ministers to demonstrate the prestige of the court, encourage the morale of the people, and prevent them from being mentally slacking off. ② Use Xu Yan's example to warn the ministers that they can protect national security only by always keeping war preparedness. (3 points)
(II) Reading of ancient poetry (This question has 2 sub-questions, 9 points)
15.A. ("Being proud of one's contribution" is wrong)
16. I think this poem was created in the context of General Zhang's intention of retirement. ① The second couplet borrows the allusion that Lu Zhonglian and Wang Jian were not valued and retired, and tactfully advises General Zhang not to have the idea of retirement, because he is being appreciated and valued by the court. ② The last couplet uses a classic, explaining that the heroes in history have been recorded in history, and advises General Zhang to cherish opportunities, grasp the present, and realize greater ideals and ambitions. (6 points. Each point is 3 points. If you have other opinions, it is enough to make sense)
(3) Writing famous sentences (This question has 3 sub-questions, 6 points)
17. (1) Thinking about the virtuous and reflecting on yourself when you see the virtuous is not virtuous
(2) It is the meritorious who pays far apart to your Majesty and paying attention to the long day of your Majesty. The day of Liu is short.
(3) Example 1: The north of Rongma Pass Mountains The tears flow through the stream (Du Fu of Tang Dynasty, "Climbing Yueyang Tower")
Example 2: I would like to ask where the plum blossoms fall and the wind blows all night. (Gao Shi of Tang Dynasty, "Listening to the Flute on the Frontier")
(6 points. 1 point for every empty, no points for the sentence of typos or missing words)
3. Language and text use (20 points)
18.B (Shrinkage, meaning "declination". Shrinkage, meaning "contraction". The same thing: refers to things with only one form and no change. As the same is true: a metaphor for speech or actions that are exactly the same. A wide range of pictures: a metaphor for the fullness of beautiful things. Breaking eyes: describes too many things in front of you or the scenery changes too fast, and you can't see it. Degeneration: refers to things from good to bad, from good to bad.Degeneration: refers to the change and deterioration of all things)
19. A (A. "Even" and "But" cannot be matched, but change to "although". B. The two sentences cannot be interchanged. C. Rhetoric is a metaphor. D. Regional characteristics are distinctive, such as Old Beijing, Siheyuan Chaoranke official account, etc.)
20. ① The lamps at that time were varied ② It refers to the grand occasion at that time (4 points. 2 points per place)
21. ① That is, the national sledge venue, ② The design concept is taken from the totem of Chinese culture "dragon", ③ Its shape is like a giant dragon winding on the top of the mountains and ridges, ④ The "dragon" is also a symbol of the Chinese nation, ⑤ It means auspiciousness, prosperity and strength. (6 points. 1 point per point, 1 point for the sentence)
22.① Organically combine with Chinese traditional culture; ② closely related to the Winter Olympics ice and snow projects; ③ cleverly integrate with modern high-end technology; ④ Highly conform to the concept and vision of the Winter Olympics. (4 points. 1:00 1:00, 2:3:00, 3:00, 3:00, the meaning is correct)
4. Writing (60 points)
23. It is recommended to refer to the 2021 Shandong College Entrance Examination Composition Scoring Standards and use 44 points as the benchmark.
Reference translation:
In the early years of Zhenguan, various prefectures and counties in Lingnan reported that the commander of Gaozhou, Feng Ang, raised an army to rebel. Emperor Taizong of Tang issued an edict to ask General Lin Ji to mobilize soldiers from dozens of states to attack. Wei Wei advised: "The Central Plains have just achieved peace, the people have not yet calmed down, and there are many miasma in the Lingnan area, and it is very difficult for soldiers to march. If the expected goal is not achieved, it will be too late to regret it. And if Feng Ang really rebels, he can collude with the southern ethnic minorities, divide his troops to defend dangerous places, conquer cities and conquer the land, and set up state prefectures. Why have people reported to him for rebellion for so many years, but his army did not attack Lingnan? This is the situation of rebellion has not yet been formed, so don't mobilize troops. Now if you send envoys, tell them clearly that you must not have to bother the army, and you will make them submit to the court themselves." Emperor Taizong of Tang accepted this opinion, and the Lingnan area was all stable. Emperor Taizong of Tang said: "At the beginning, local officials in Lingnan rumored that Feng Ang was going to rebel, and I was determined to attack them. Wei Wei made many suggestions, believing that as long as they were kindness to appease them, they would surrender themselves without starting a war. I followed his advice and did not need to have one soldier and one soldier to obtain peace in Lingnan. The effect was really better than the power of a hundred thousand troops." In the fourth year of Zhenguan, the minister in charge reported: "The Linyi Kingdom in the south had his memorials and he asked His Majesty to send troops. To attack them. "Tang Emperor Taizong said: "War is an ominous matter and only needs to be used at any time. Since ancient times, there have been no one who is powerful in military force. Fu Jian relied on his strong military force and must annex the Jin Dynasty and mobilized millions of troops, but he died in one fell swoop. Emperor Yang of Sui also had to conquer Goryeo. After years of war and labor, the people were suffering. He finally died at the hands of villains. When I thought of this, how could I send troops easily? "In the end, I did not attack Lin Yi. In the fifth year of Zhenguan, Kang State requested surrender. Emperor Taizong of Tang said: "Many emperors of the previous dynasties pursued a vast territory to gain the reputation behind them. Doing so is not good for themselves, but also makes the people exhausted. If the Kang State surrendered to our dynasty, we would have to rescue them in trouble. If they had to march thousands of miles away there, how could it not make the people tired? If the people were tired for the sake of fame, this was not what I wanted. I would not accept their request for surrender." In the 19th year of Zhenguan, Tang Taizong was going to go to Goryeo personally. Yuchi Jingde reported: "If Your Majesty personally conquers Liaodong, the Crown Prince is now in Dingzhou and the two capitals of the East and West. Although there are soldiers guarding it, it is still very empty. Moreover, Goryeo is a remote small country, why should Your Majesty personally conquer it? I ask Your Majesty to appoint good generals to conquer them, and they will naturally be destroyed soon." Although Emperor Taizong of Tang did not adopt his opinion, some knowledgeable people at the time thought that his suggestion was correct.
In the "Choranke official account Emperor Fan", Emperor Taizong of Tang wrote: "Although the territory is vast, being keen on war will bring people's livelihood to decline; although the Central Plains are stable, ignoring war preparations will make people slack off. The decline of people's livelihood is not a way to protect the country, and slack off is not a strategy to defend the enemy. Armed forces cannot be completely removed or used frequently.Therefore, when people are slack in farming, they should practice martial arts to demonstrate the majesty of the Tang Dynasty; for three years of training troops, they should distinguish the ranks. Therefore, King Goujian of Yue respected the angry frog and finally achieved his hegemony; Xu Yan gave up his martial arts and eventually destroyed the country. Why is this? Because King Yue strengthened his power, Xu Yan forgot to prepare for war. ”
Moreover, if Feng Ang rebelled, he would have to make friends with distant people and divide the troops into danger and plunder the prefectures and counties. Why did he sue the soldiers for several years and not leave the country? This was a failure and there was no way to move the crowd. If you send an envoy now and clearly explain it, you will not work hard to get a brigade and will lead to the garrison. "Taizong followed it and the Lingbian was settled. Taizong said, "At the beginning, the states in Lingnan rebelled, and I must want to fight it. Wei Zheng frequently advised him, thinking that he would only be virtuous and would not come to him. After following his plan, it is better than a hundred thousand troops. "In the fourth year of Zhenguan, a minister said, "The barbarian country in Linyi was not in line with the controversy, so please send troops to attack him. "Taizong said: "A weapon is a fierce weapon, and it is necessary to use it. Since ancient times, there has been a strong military force, and no one has not yet died. Fu Jian Relying on his strength in the army, he must swallow the Jin army and raise millions of troops, but he died in one fell swoop. The Sui lord must also want to take Goryeo, and he worked hard for many years, and he was unable to bear the grudges, so he died at the hands of an ordinary man. Now that I see this, how could I send troops immediately? "It was not even a problem. In the fifth year of Zhenguan, Kang State requested to submit. Emperor Taizong said: "The emperors of the previous dynasty had great efforts to broaden the land to seek a false reputation after their lives, which would be of no benefit to their own people, and their people were very distressed. Since Kang State came to the court, he had to rescue him if he had urgent difficulties. If he traveled thousands of miles, how could he do nothing to the people? If you want the people to seek fame, it is not what I want. If you ask for it, you don’t need to accept it. "In the 19th year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong was going to conquer Goryeo personally. Yuchi Jingde reported: "If the carriage goes to Liao Zuo, the crown prince will also supervise the country. Even if there are guards in the east and west, it will be empty. Moreover, a small country in the border area is not enough to work hard. If you ask for a good general to be appointed, you can destroy it in time. "Although Taizong did not follow his advice, he knew it.Taizong's "Emperor Fan Chaoranke Public Account" says: "Although the land is wide, if the people are wary, the people will wither; if China is peaceful, if the people are forgot to fight, the people will be in danger. Withering is not a method of preservation, it is not a method of imitating a siege. It cannot be eliminated completely and cannot be used frequently. Therefore, when the farmer's gap is in martial arts, he is accustomed to the majesty; when he manages the army for three years, he distinguishes the orders. Therefore, Gou Jian Shi's frog's [Note] finally achieved hegemony; Xu Yan abandoned Wu and eventually lost his country. Why? The more you learn the power of yours, the more you forget your preparation. "
[Note] Goujian Shi frog: According to legend, King Goujian of Yue sent troops to attack Wu, and saw an angry frog on the way. In order to show respect for bravery, he respected Shi.
10. The correct one of the following sentences for the wavy lines in the text is (3 points)
A. And Feng Ang-or rebelled / he must join China in a foreign country / divided the troops to break the danger / broken the danger / broken the prefectures and counties / set up lawsuits / He because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country /
B. And Feng Ang-or rebelled / he must join China in a foreign country / divided the troops to break the danger / broken the prefectures and counties / set up lawsuits / He because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country /
B. And Feng Ang-or rebelled / he must join China in a foreign country / split the troops to break the danger / broken the prefectures and counties / set up lawsuits / He because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country for several years /
B. And Feng Ang-or rebelled / he must join China in a foreign country / split the troops to break the danger / broke the prefectures and counties / set up lawsuits / He because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country for several years /
C. And if Feng Ang is rebelling, he must join China in Weining / to get along with distant people / to break the danger / to break the danger / to break the prefectures and counties / to set up lawsuits / because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country for several years / to
D. And if Feng Ang is rebelling, he must join China in Weining / to break the danger / to break the danger / to break the prefectures and counties / to set up lawsuits / because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country / to
11. The following explanation of the relevant contents of the words added to the text is incorrect. (3 points)
A. The ling table is the south of the five ridges, which is also called outside the mountain. For example, Su Shi has a poem "Eat three hundred lychees a day," Resigning to be a Lingnan person."
B. Commentary refers to the memorials submitted to the emperor by a minister. The focus is on giving advice, such as " Demotion of Confessions "; the focus is on explaining the situation in sections, such as " Admonitions to Emperor Taizong's Ten Thoughts ".
C. Restraining the country, a political system in ancient China, usually refers to the prince staying in the palace to handle state affairs when the emperor went out; it also refers to the monarch's failure to take charge of the ruler and others act as the government affairs.
D. Ten thousand cheng, the article refers to the emperor. Zhou system, the emperor is thousands of miles away and sent ten thousand chariots, so the emperor is called "ten thousand cheng", which is in line with " The Qin Dynasty" 》The meaning of "Wancheng" in "To the Ten Thousand Chengs" is the same.
12. The following overview of the contents of the original text is (3 points)
A. Emperor Taizong followed Wei Zheng's advice and pacified the land of Lingnan without abolishing one soldier. Therefore, he praised Wei Zheng's outstanding ability.
B. Taizong believed that war was an ominous thing and should not be launched easily. Fu Jian and the Sui lords were both destructive due to the military force.
C. Tang Taizong did not seek fame. He was worried that protecting the subordinate parliament would cause the people of his country to be exhausted, and did not agree to the request of Kang Guo to surrender.
D. Yuchi Jingde opposes Emperor Taizong of Tang’s personal expedition to Goryeo. Although Emperor Taizong thinks he is right, he does not follow his advice in the end.
13. Translate the sentences with horizontal lines in the text into modern Chinese. (8 points)
(1) If you send an envoy now and clearly explain it, you will not work hard to get a brigade and will lead to the garrison. (4 points)
(2) Although the land is wide, if the war is good, the people will wither; if China is safe, if the war is forgotten, the people will be in danger. (4 points)
14. What are the intentions of Emperor Taizong of Tang using the examples of Goujian and Xu Yan at the end of the article? (3 points)
(2) Reading of ancient poetry (This question has 2 sub-questions, 9 points)
Read the following Tang poem, complete questions 15 to 16.
Given General Zhang
Yang Juyuan
Guanxi generals bowed to the light, and the sword of the independent camp gate was frost.
Know Ai Lu Lian ① to return to the sea, and will allow Wang Jian ② to be in Pinyang.
The sun is sunny and the red flags are full of mountains, and the sun is clear and the sun is clear and the walls are long.
People envy you for your youth, and the trees in the Han family are all vast.
Note: ①Lu Lian, Lu Zhonglian , Warring States Historical Qi Kingdom , helped Pingyuanjun to wander on the sea after he succeeded, and refused to become an official. ②Wang Jian, a general of the Qin State in during the Warring States Period. When Qin destroyed Chu, because the King of Qin did not use any words, he entrusted his illness to resign from his post and returned to Pinyang for his retirement. ③ The Han family’s tree, “Chronicle Chaoranke Official Account” is called “Han Tan Smoke Tree”, “Han Tan” refers to the place where Liu Bang builds the altar and worships Han Xin as a general.
15. The following understanding and appreciation of poetry is incorrect (3 points)
A. The first couplet depicts the picture of General Zhang taking credit for in Kansai area
and its majestic posture in the army.B. Although the neck couplet does not contain traces of battle, it can still allow readers to imagine the intense battle scenes of the frontier.
C. The poem uses frost sword, red flag, clear basin, long stop, etc., reflecting the vigorous and majestic style characteristics.
D. The poetry borrows the allusions of Lu Lian, Wang Jian and the Han Dynasty worship generals, enriches the meaning of the poem and enhances the realm of the poem.
16. When talking about the background of the creation of this poem, my predecessor said, "Why does the general have the ambition to retire?" What do you think? Please briefly analyze it in combination with the text. (6 points)
(3) Descriptive writing of famous sentences (This question has 3 questions in total, 6 points)
17. Make up for the vacant parts in the following sentences. (6 points)
(1) In "The Analects of Confucius·Li Ren", the two sentences that emphasize that we should not only learn from the excellent people around us, but also strengthen self-reflection are "____________________".
(2) In "The Untamed Biao", Li Mi uses the two sentences "_________, _________" to express the request to not give up his life from the perspective of time, and cleverly resolves the contradiction between loyalty and filial piety.
(3) Guanshan refers to the mountains and rivers of Guanzhai, and also refers to distant places. This image often appears in poetry in Tang and Song dynasties, and poets often use it to express their sorrow and sad feelings, such as "___________________".
3. Language and text application (20 points)
(I) Language and text application I (This question has 3 questions, 10 points)
Read the following text and complete questions 18 to 20.
Watching lanterns on the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, old Beijingers are generally called "Lantern Market" or " Lanterns ", and some are also called "Lantern Festival". But whether it is the word "彩", "彩", or "彩", it reflects the flaunting spirit of Lantern Festival at that time. (①), showing rich and infinite imagination. Many lights gather together, which is a small encyclopedia. Since when, the Lantern Festival has entered the park or TV. Even if you can see the lights in front of streets, alleys, tall buildings and business shops, almost ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In old Beijing, (A) Lantern Festival is in the streets and alleys, and among the common people, there is the "noisy" spirit of "speech". At that time, Qianmen and Liulichang were the most glorious. "There are light horses and light cars alleys, and the spring is increasing again. Tonight I was idle and the moon was reunited, so many tourists only looked at the lights", Chaoranke official account (②). (B) Even in the alley and in the courtyard, children will carry lanterns , angrily wind (a simple circular lantern), or small orange lanterns to run around the world.
Now, the Lantern Festival has no longer the "notch" of the past, and the lamps cannot be compared with those _____________. For Lantern Festival lantern , our imagination seems to be ________, and the taste of Lantern Festival is the only taste of Lantern Festival.
18. Fill in the words on the horizontal line in the text in sequence. The appropriate item is (3 points).
A. Shrinking as if it is the same, dazzling, degenerate
B. Shrinking as the same, dazzling, degenerate
C. Shrinking as if it is the same, dazzling, degenerate
D. Shrinking as if it is the same, dazzling, degenerate
D. Shrinking as if it is the same, dizzy, degenerate
19. The following statement is correct (3 points)
A. The word "even if" is used improperly, it should be changed to "although".
B. The positions of the sentences (A) (B) can be interchanged and do not affect the expression of the text.
C. Adding wavy lines uses the rhetorical technique of simulating objects and is vivid and vivid.
D. The folk customs and language in the text are full of Beijing flavor, but the regional characteristics are not distinct enough.
20. Write appropriate sentences at (①) (②) to make the whole paragraph complete and coherent meaning, appropriate content, and rigorous logic. There are no more than 12 words per place. (4 points)
(II) Language and text application II (This question has 2 questions, 10 points)
Read the following text and complete questions 21~22.
Aliases of the five iconic competition venues of the Beijing Winter Olympics are simple and clear, and have good sound and meaning.
" Snowy Dragon ", ___________. "Snow Ruyi", the national ski jump center, is designed inspiration from the traditional Chinese auspicious ornament "Ruyi". The S-shaped curve of its section and the top are like the "handle body" and "handle head" of "Ruyi". "Ruyi" is also a symbol of Chinese traditional culture , meaning good luck and satisfaction. "Snow Feitian" is an alias for Shougang Skiing Platform. Its gorgeous and twisted appearance looks like the business card of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes - "Feitian" with a lively and elegant body. Chaoranke public account "Water Cube" has long been famous as the National Swimming Center . Now the "Water Cube" turns magnificently into the "Ice Cube", achieving a seamless connection between the two movements. The difference between "water" and "ice" lies in whether there is a symbol of "medical". "Ice Ribbon" is the world's first Winter Olympics speed skating venue that uses carbon dioxide cross-critical direct cooling ice making technology. Inspired by the old Beijing traditional winter game "Ice Gyro", the designer used 22 crystal-like curved glass curtain walls surrounding the outer layer to "trace" the shadows of athletes skating quickly.
21. Please write an introduction word for the "Snow Travel Dragon" venue based on the bird's-eye view of "Snow Travel Dragon" and imitate the wavy line sentence in the text. Requirements: Comply with the characteristics of the venue, use at least one rhetoric. (6 points)
(National snow car sled venue)
22. Please briefly summarize the three characteristics reflected in the design of the five major venues based on the content of the paragraph. Requirements: Each feature does not exceed 15 words. (4 points)
4. Writing (60 points)
23. Read the following materials and write according to the requirements. (60 points)
Material 1:
Qiu Zhang asked: "Does a gentleman compete with each other?"
Zi said: "When you see profit, fight for favor, and fight for justice, and fight for reform if you are not good at fighting for change."
——"Wen Zhongzi·Wei Xiangpian"
Material 2:
Only if you don't compete, so no one in the world can compete with it.
——"Tao Te Ching"
Please write an article in the content of the materials to reflect your feelings and thoughts.
requirements: select the right angle, determine the idea, clarify the style, and write your own title; do not copy, do not copy; do not disclose personal information; no less than 800 words.
Reference answers and scoring criteria
1. Modern language reading (35 points)
(I) Modern language reading] (This question has 5 questions, 19 points)
1.A (Zhang Guan Li Dai)
2.C (A misinterprets the meaning of the text, B expresses absolute, D is not happening)
3.A (emphasizing the value of calligraphy to literati painting)
4.① Comparative argumentation, (1 point) Comparison and argumentation by literati painting with the concept of "absolute space" in physics, and clearly argue that the purpose of literati painting is to break away from the specific space, reflect the inner logic of life, and gain the view of life perception.
2022 Weifang High School Subject Core Literacy Assessment
Senior Three Chinese
2022.3
Notes:
1. Before answering the paper, candidates must fill in their name, candidate number and seat number on the designated locations of the answer sheet and the test paper. 2. When answering multiple-choice questions, after selecting the answers to each question, use a pencil to blacken the answer number of the corresponding questions of the answer sheet. If you need to change it, wipe it clean with an eraser and then select other answer marks. When answering non-multiple-choice questions, write the answer on the answer sheet. Written on this test paper is invalid. 3. After the exam is over, return the test paper and the answer sheet together.
1. Modern Language Reading (35 points)
(I) Modern Language Reading I (This question has 5 questions, 19 points)
Read the following text and complete questions 1 to 5.
Material 1:
Literary painting is a painting with "literary popularity". It has the pursuit of humanistic value and is not a tool to paint images. The literati paintings of traditional top Chinese masters have a pure beauty that cannot be expressed in words. In this world, perhaps only the quiet and noble Greek sculptures and the deep and vast European classical music can be compared. The fundamental factor that promotes the development of traditional literati painting lies in "truth", one is the truth of external images, and the other is the truth of life. The painter integrates the three elements of brush and ink, hills and valleys (referring to the concrete factors in literati paintings), and weather, so that it presents a kind of thinking that transcends form and a deformed pursuit.
paintings are the "language" of "conversation" between literati painters who value the communication of their spirit. This set of language can be roughly divided into three levels: one is the subject language, and one mountain and one water (cold forest, dead trees, distant mountains, near water, empty pavilions, and stream bridges) are their language. The infinite people and things hidden in the vast history (the allusion of Chaoranke official account) have also become their language; the second is the stylization of brush and ink, such as the Dongyuan model, which is a traditional model wrapped in styling of , Jiangnan landscape characteristics, ethereal world and other contents. The Mijia landscape is another set of patterns that are dyed with water and ink, reflecting the visual effect of misty and confusion; the third is the stylization of the realm, such as the desolation and coldness of the painting environment. Since Northern Song , it has become the aura and charm characteristics that literati paintings focus on, and the loneliness of the cloud forest has also become a program that painters of the Ming and Qing dynasties imitated.
Literary painting is not about the "eye" but about the "heart", that is, it is not for the painting to show you, but allows you to integrate into it and gain the insight of life. Visuality makes people easily stay in the specific image world, which is inconsistent with the viewpoints of realm creation and life presentation advocated by literati paintings; the visual space can easily inspire people to cause imagination activities from specific things and make people be entangled by the world of emotion and reason, which is also inconsistent with the transcendent realm pursued by literati paintings. Literary painting is committed to creating a "life space". "Life space" is an absolute form of space. "If you are afraid of painting, it is called being able to draw" is a transcendence of spatiality. There is also the concept of "absolute space" in physics, but "absolute space" is still a concrete form of space, but it is just a space that exists forever, uniform everywhere, and never moves. The fundamental purpose of literati painting is to break away from the specific space and reflect the logic of inner life.
In order to pursue eternal truth, transcendence of time is its inevitable path. Non-temporality does not mean ignoring history. On the contrary, literati paintings have a strong "historical sense" and a deep historical feeling that transcends historical appearance. From the overall temperament of literati paintings, they can be said to be "nostalgic in the past". The "no historical and vertical atmosphere" that literati painting emphasizes is to emphasize that the fundamental of painting lies in creation, not recording. Literary painters should discover the truth behind the historical appearance and discover the true "history" - a deep "sense of history".
In short, literati painting is a painting that transcends form. Painters show the true humanistic value of his life through grammars such as stylization, non-visuality, and non-temporality. Even if some works no longer exist, the reflection of the life of the creator and recipients contained can still inspire people with life.
(excerpted from Zhu Liangzhi's "Humanistic Value of Traditional Literary Paintings")
Material 2:
Song paintings have greatly enriched the aesthetic tradition of the Chinese nation, regardless of content or form. The pursuit of poetry and the authenticity of details are simultaneously carried out, which is the same as the development trend of poetry and prose, and is increasingly becoming the basic aesthetic criterion of the entire Chinese art . However, Yuan painting is very different from Song paintings. The most obvious thing is the variation in aesthetic taste brought about by the rapid changes in society. Mongolian Entering the Central Plains, some scholars gave up the traditional path of "learning good will lead to officialdom", and placed their time, energy and emotions on literature and art, and landscape painting has also become one of the areas of this sustenance. With the demise of the Zhao Song Dynasty, the leadership of landscape painting finally fell into the hands of the sages and doctors, and since then, "literati painting" was officially established.
The so-called "literati painting" certainly has its basic characteristics. First of all, the literary interest is extremely prominent, which can be said to be the fusion and unity of similarity between form and spirit, realistic and poetic. However, the continued development of the contradiction between form and spirit, realistic and poetic, under the social atmosphere of the Yuan Dynasty and the psychological conditions of the literati, made the latter absolutely overwhelm the former and directly revealed it, and went to a situation that was exactly the opposite of the Northern Song Dynasty: the resemblance of form and realistic were quickly placed in a secondary position, emphasizing subjective mood and mood. The basic aesthetic principle of "vibrant spirit" that has always been emphasized in Chinese painting is no longer placed on objective objects, but entirely on subjective intentions.
's prominent emphasis on brush and ink is another creative development of Chinese painting art. In the eyes of literati painters, the beauty of painting lies not only in the depiction of nature, but also in the lines and colors of the painting, that is, the brush and ink. The brush and ink are not only formal and structural beauty, but also convey various subjective spiritual realms and interests in this formal structure. The reason why any realistic photography cannot replace painting is actually because the latter has the aesthetic significance of the brush and ink itself. It is not possessed by nature, but a beauty that has been refined, summarized and created by people for a long time. Zhao Mengfu said: "Stones are like flying white woods are like bamboos." When writing bamboo, you should also enter the Dharma. If someone can understand this, you must know that calligraphy and painting are the same. " painter, calligrapher and poet, has done all three tasks, and has become a basic requirement and ideal for Chinese landscape painting.
Another unique phenomenon of Chinese painting starting from Yuan painting is to write inscriptions and poems on paintings, and directly match the picture with poems and essays, complement and combine each other, which is not found in Tang and Song dynasties. Tang people's inscriptions are often hidden in the roots of tree gaps, and Song people began to write fine regular script, but they will never over-invade the picture and affect their appreciation of the picture. Yuan people are not Similarly, the inscriptions and writing on the picture sometimes have as many as hundreds of characters and tens of lines, occupying a large picture. The painter consciously makes it an important part of the entire composition. On the one hand, it not only makes calligraphy and painting cooperate with each other with the same beauty of lines, but also amplifies the literary interest and poetic meaning of the picture through the meaning clearly expressed in the text. Therefore, "the Yuan artificial calligraphy invades the position of the painting, but it feels more elegant."
At the same time, ink painting has overwhelmed the green landscape and lived in the painting world. Dominant position. Although some people have long said, "The grass and trees are prosperous, and they do not wait for the green color of the elixir, the clouds and snow are fluttering, the lead is white, the mountains are green, and the wind is green, and the wind is pure, so the five colors are used to move ink and all are called " (Choranke's official account "Records of Famous Paintings in the Years"), the real realization of this ideal is the Yuan painting that emphasizes the fun of brush and ink. It is precisely because the lines are flying, heavy, wet, thick, thin, and horizontal, and the texture of the ink, the texture of the dots are enough to describe the object, lift the atmosphere, and express the mind. , convey the concept of interest, so there is no need to consider how to paint and outline the colors of the natural scenery itself.
Since the focus is no longer on the faithful reproduction of the objective object, but on the refinement of the deep and eternal interest of the brush and ink, the picture does not have to pursue the diversity or ingenuity of the natural scenery, but only how to convey the artist's subjective mental concept through the interest of brush and ink through certain natural scenery. The scene can be very ordinary and simple, but the interest is very strong.
(excerpted from Li Zehou's "History of Beauty ")
Note: Zhu (zhòu), a type of large seal , and " Feibai " and "eight methods" are both calligraphy terms.
1. The following understanding and analysis of the relevant content of the material is incorrect (3 points)
A. Traditional Chinese literati paintings show pure beauty of tranquility, nobility, deep and broadness, and present humanistic value beyond external image.
B. The "non-visuality" of literati paintings makes the viewer less susceptible to the real world and the world of emotion and reason, and thus appreciate its "life space".
C. Song Dynasty paintings enriched the nation's aesthetic tradition, and poetic pursuit and authentic details became increasingly the basic aesthetic norms of Chinese art.
D. Although Tang and Song paintings have inscriptions or detailed regular scripts, they consciously make characters and poems an important part of the entire composition began in the Yuan Dynasty.
2. According to the content of the material, the correct statement is (3 points)
A. The characteristics of literati paintings are determined by their pursuit of truth. In order to pursue eternal truth, transcending history is an inevitable path.
B. Literary paintings must be programmed in terms of subject matter, etc., so as to satisfy the spiritual communication between painters, otherwise the exchange of ideas will not be completed.
C. Influenced by the political environment, the leadership of landscape painting fell into the hands of scholars and officials during the Yuan Dynasty, and "literati painting" was officially established, which is not contradictory to the statement of Material 1.
D. The " Thousand Miles of Rivers and Mountains" in the Northern Song Dynasty used ochre color in the middle to express the beauty and magnificence of the mountains and rivers, realizing the creative ideal of "moving ink and all five colors".
3. In combination with the content of the material, one of the following options that cannot support the view of material is (3 points)
A. Chen Shizeng said: "Learn from the paintings are not only of noble interest, but also contain calligraphy in paintings, making the paintings feel more difficult."
B. Ni Zan said: "Love this wind and forests, which will make the feelings of hills and valleys more popular. Writing pictures is leisurely, not in the images and sounds."
C. Baiyang said: "The mountains are difficult to make, and the changes are invisible. Close the door to find the true meaning, and the development is unchanged and distorted."
D. Tang Zhiqi said: "The nature of the mountain is my nature, and the nature of the mountain is my love; water is my nature, and water is my love."
4. Please analyze the demonstration effect of the two lines in the material. (4 points)
5. The ancients said that "literati paintings mainly focus on aura and aura, and shapes and models are included in it", and there is also the saying that "the strange one is not in the position, but in the atmosphere and aura". Please combine Material 2 to talk about your understanding of this. (6 points)
(II) Modern Language Reading II (This question has 4 questions, 16 points)
Read the following text and complete questions 6 to 9.
Maltose
Xiaosu
On the morning of the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, I did not get up as early as usual. The night before, I cooked three pots of malt sugar until late at night. After I went to bed for three hours, the chicken cried. However, my father doesn't care about this. He always gets up at dawn every day. When he gets up, he has to sit on the threshold of our door door, spread his legs, press his knees with both hands, leans his body forward, and a door panel-like back will appear behind him. Whenever my father poses in such a position, I have to hurry up and grab his back. My dad said I had no future. He told me more than once, if you are like Zhiyuan Yang, Xiao Ziwen, Yu Qiankun, and like them, how could I ask you to grab my back every day?
The three people my father mentioned are three household names in our rapeseed slope. They and I have been classmates from elementary school to high school. Zhiyuan Yang is undoubtedly the most promising person in our rapeseed slope. As soon as he graduated from high school, he was admitted to a university in Beijing and went to the United States after graduation. Xiao Ziwen also has a great future. After graduating from high school, Xiao Ziwen was admitted to a university in Wuhan. After studying for college, he stayed in the provincial capital and became a major reporter for the provincial newspaper. A little bit worse is Yu Qiankun. Although he only went to one technical secondary school, he still tried every means to stay in the county town after graduation. He started to work for a few years, and later he started a company by himself and became a wealthy boss, which was quite promising.
htmlOver 0 original houses are similar to our houses. They are all made of earth bricks, covered with black tiles on the roof, and long dog tail grass on the corrugated ones.After Yu Qiankun became rich, he sent someone from the county town to push the old house and built a small western-style building on the original yard. The small western-style buildings have white walls and red tiles, which are a bit like the kind of foreign villas we often see on TV.I am the only one who has no prospects. I was a loser in the college entrance examination and couldn’t even go to the technical secondary school. I had no choice but to go back to the rapeseed slope to farm. Nowadays, farming alone is not a good life. In order to make life a little better, I learned to boil malt sugar. While farming, I cook malt sugar and sell it to the villagers, earning a few pocket money. In Youlaipo, boiling malt sugar is also a woman's job, and only men with no prospects can do such things that women do. When I first started learning to cook malt sugar, my father said to me in a sarcastic tone, "It seems that you are really unpromising!"
After the Little New Year, the rapeseed slope gradually has a New Year atmosphere. Every year at this time, I have to carry the malt sugar I made in my backpack and go to the village to sell it everywhere. I want to earn some money to get some New Year’s goods. In fact, the New Year’s goods I want to buy is simple. In addition to making a few kilograms of wine and buying a few packs of cigarettes, the main thing is to go to the town to buy a new outfit for my father so that he can wear it on his body during the New Year. As a person with no prospects, I am happy to see him during the Chinese New Year. I think it is worth getting up early and going to bed late this year. Chaoranke public account
After breakfast that day, I went out with my bag on my back. I moved from the north of the village to the west of the village. It was almost noon, and almost half of the maltose in my backpack was sold. The small foreign house of Yu Qiankun’s house is located on the west side of the village. Although Yu’s father and Yu’s mother live in a small foreign house, they do not lack food or clothing, the old couple are very lonely and always hope that someone will talk to them. Yu Qiankun once wanted to take his father and mother to live in the county town, but the old couple was not used to life in the city. They could only stay in the city for half a month and had to go back to the rapeseed slope, as if they would go crazy if they stayed there.
Yu Dad and Yu Mom both have diabetes and can't get any sweet stuff, so they won't buy my malt sugar. Just as I was about to leave, Dad Yu walked out of the small foreign building and he saw my backpack at a glance. Farming, is there maltose? Mr. Yu asked. Yes, I said. Weigh five pounds to me, Mr. Yu said. You have diabetes and can't eat maltose. If you eat it, you will get sick, I said. I wish I had an illness, and when I got sick, Qiankun would come back to see me! Mr. Yu said. I was stunned for a moment and didn't call him maltose. At this time, Yu's mother also came out of the small foreign building, and she also wanted to buy malt sugar. I said in a little embarrassedly, it’s not that I don’t sell it to you, it’s that you can’t eat maltose! Yu’s mother said, we can’t eat it, Qiankun can eat it, I bought it and waited for Qiankun and others to go home for the New Year! After hearing what she said, I hesitated to weigh maltose to them.
It’s New Year’s Eve in the blink of an eye. After selling maltose, I rushed to my home quickly. There were still many things waiting for me to go back and do. When I saw the chimney on the roof of my stove, I heard a string of crying. I turned my head and saw that it was Yu Qiankun's mother. When my mother Yu saw me, she immediately stopped crying. She walked up to me in two steps and said, "Oh, my old man who ate your maltose has caused diabetes." He is now fainting on my sofa! I said a little tremblingly, God! Did he forget that people with diabetes cannot eat maltose? Yu’s mother said, “Oh, he ate it on purpose!”
My mother told me that last night, Yu Qiankun called back from the county town and said that the company was busy with business and could not go home for the New Year. When Dad Yu heard this, he became anxious and immediately said, "If you don't come back, I'll get sick by eating maltose. Do you want to come back for the New Year?" At that time, Yu's mother thought that Yu's father was talking angry, but she didn't expect that he might have eaten malt sugar and he secretly ate more than a pound alone. Dad Yu felt something was wrong, he was dizzy, and he felt sweaty all over his body. There were medicines for diabetes at home, so Yu's mother quickly took him a few tablets. She thought that Dad Yu would be cured after taking the medicine, but she didn't expect that his illness would be severe and he fell into a coma.When Yu's mother said this, she suddenly grabbed my hands and said, "Being a farmer, it seems that it's not okay to carry the dead old man to the hospital for an injection, but he is so heavy that I can't carry him!"
I am a little enthusiastic because I am not promising. No matter which family in the village asks me for help, I will agree readily and never say a word. So I ran to the Yu family's small foreign building and quickly carried Yu's father to the village committee medical office. When the doctor hung the needle for Mr. Yu, the sound of firecrackers sounded everywhere on the rapeseed slope. People started to have the New Year’s Eve dinner at this time. As soon as I heard the sound of firecrackers, my heart immediately flew home. When I said goodbye to Mom Yu, she looked at me reluctantly, as if she didn't want me to leave. But I have to leave, I want to go home, my dad is at home.
When I got home, my wife had already steamed steamed pork . She said that after pasting couplets and simmering wine, it was time to start eating. When I pasted couplets, my son helped me, so we put them in a while. Next, I cooked wine for my father. When the wine was fragrant, I shouted to my father, "Dad, it's time for the New Year's Eve dinner!" My son lit firecrackers. Amid the warm sound of firecrackers, my wife brought the dishes she made from the stove to the square table in the main hall. Then, our family of four occupied a corner of the table and started eating the New Year’s Eve dinner.
After the reunion dinner, it was almost dusk. After drinking a little too much from his father, he walked to the door crookedly and sat on the threshold. I also drank a little too. As soon as I saw my father sitting on the threshold, I quickly ran up and habitually reached into his back. I said with my tongue wide, Dad, I'll grab your back! My dad muttered, didn’t he catch it in the morning? I said, today is the New Year, I will catch you twice! My father said, you are such a futile person.
(with deleted and modified)
6. The correct understanding of the novel-related content is (3 points)
A. I spent malt sugar in addition to farming to subsidize my family income, which not only shows my hard work, but also shows that I also want to be as prosperous and rich as my friends.
B. My father always thought that I was a person with no prospects and did no future things, so he asked me to grab his back every day to comfort myself.
C. In order to let my father change his view of me being unpromising, when I was buying New Year’s goods, I mainly went to buy new clothes for my father.
D.Yu’s father knew he had diabetes, but he still deliberately took candy and made him sick, using this method to express his desire for family affection for his children.
7. The following analysis and appreciation of the artistic characteristics of the novel is incorrect (3 points)
A. The novel uses first-person narrative and tells the story of me working in a poor village after failing the college entrance examination, which narrows the distance with readers and enhances the authenticity of the story. Chaoranke official account
B. The novel tells the story of my three classmates doing well in society and becoming enviable and promising people, which is in sharp contrast to me, which makes me feel inferior.
C. The novel uses various descriptive techniques, such as language, action, psychological description , etc., to create the image of a son who is considered to be unreliable by his father but can be filial at any time.
D. The novel uses a large number of spoken and local languages, such as "passionate and quick-hearted", "reunion dinner", and "stewing wine", making the novel language style plain and simple, simple and natural.
8. The original description of "I" in the article scratching my father's back is the most moving scene in this novel. Please talk about your understanding based on the text. (4 points)
9. The novel presents us with the "inequalities" of children's future and parents' happiness. How is this "inequalities" reflected in the text? How should we handle the relationship between the two in modern society? Please analyze it in detail based on the text. (6 points)
2. Read ancient poetry and prose (35 points)
(I) Read classical Chinese (This question has 5 questions, 20 points)
Read the following classical Chinese and complete questions 10 to 14.
At the beginning of Zhenguan, the Lingnan provinces reported to the Gaozhou Chieftain Feng Ang rebelled. General Lin Su sent dozens of troops to fight against him. Wei Zheng advised: "China has just settled, but the wounds have not returned, and the miasma in Lingnan is difficult to continue. If it is not satisfactory, you cannot pursue it.Moreover, if Feng Ang rebelled, he would have to make friends with distant people and divide the troops into danger and plunder the prefectures and counties. Why did he sue the soldiers for several years and not leave the country? This was a failure and there was no way to move the crowd. If you send an envoy now and clearly explain it, you will not work hard to get a brigade and will lead to the garrison. "Taizong followed it and the Lingbian was settled. Taizong said, "At the beginning, the states in Lingnan rebelled, and I must want to fight it. Wei Zheng frequently advised him, thinking that he would only be virtuous and would not come to him. After following his plan, it is better than a hundred thousand troops. "In the fourth year of Zhenguan, a minister said, "The barbarian country in Linyi was not in line with the controversy, so please send troops to attack him. "Taizong said: "A weapon is a fierce weapon, and it is necessary to use it. Since ancient times, there has been a strong military force, and no one has not yet died. Fu Jian Relying on his strength in the army, he must swallow the Jin army and raise millions of troops, but he died in one fell swoop. The Sui lord must also want to take Goryeo, and he worked hard for many years, and he was unable to bear the grudges, so he died at the hands of an ordinary man. Now that I see this, how could I send troops immediately? "It was not even a problem. In the fifth year of Zhenguan, Kang State requested to submit. Emperor Taizong said: "The emperors of the previous dynasty had great efforts to broaden the land to seek a false reputation after their lives, which would be of no benefit to their own people, and their people were very distressed. Since Kang State came to the court, he had to rescue him if he had urgent difficulties. If he traveled thousands of miles, how could he do nothing to the people? If you want the people to seek fame, it is not what I want. If you ask for it, you don’t need to accept it. "In the 19th year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong was going to conquer Goryeo personally. Yuchi Jingde reported: "If the carriage goes to Liao Zuo, the crown prince will also supervise the country. Even if there are guards in the east and west, it will be empty. Moreover, a small country in the border area is not enough to work hard. If you ask for a good general to be appointed, you can destroy it in time. "Although Taizong did not follow his advice, he knew it.
Taizong's "Emperor Fan Chaoranke Public Account" says: "Although the land is wide, if the people are wary, the people will wither; if China is peaceful, if the people are forgot to fight, the people will be in danger. Withering is not a method of preservation, it is not a method of imitating a siege. It cannot be eliminated completely and cannot be used frequently. Therefore, when the farmer's gap is in martial arts, he is accustomed to the majesty; when he manages the army for three years, he distinguishes the orders. Therefore, Gou Jian Shi's frog's [Note] finally achieved hegemony; Xu Yan abandoned Wu and eventually lost his country. Why? The more you learn the power of yours, the more you forget your preparation. "
[Note] Goujian Shi frog: According to legend, King Goujian of Yue sent troops to attack Wu, and saw an angry frog on the way. In order to show respect for bravery, he respected Shi.
10. The correct one of the following sentences for the wavy lines in the text is (3 points)
A. And Feng Ang-or rebelled / he must join China in a foreign country / divided the troops to break the danger / broken the danger / broken the prefectures and counties / set up lawsuits / He because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country /
B. And Feng Ang-or rebelled / he must join China in a foreign country / divided the troops to break the danger / broken the prefectures and counties / set up lawsuits / He because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country /
B. And Feng Ang-or rebelled / he must join China in a foreign country / split the troops to break the danger / broken the prefectures and counties / set up lawsuits / He because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country for several years /
B. And Feng Ang-or rebelled / he must join China in a foreign country / split the troops to break the danger / broke the prefectures and counties / set up lawsuits / He because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country for several years /
C. And if Feng Ang is rebelling, he must join China in Weining / to get along with distant people / to break the danger / to break the danger / to break the prefectures and counties / to set up lawsuits / because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country for several years / to
D. And if Feng Ang is rebelling, he must join China in Weining / to break the danger / to break the danger / to break the prefectures and counties / to set up lawsuits / because of the reason why the soldiers did not leave the country / to
11. The following explanation of the relevant contents of the words added to the text is incorrect. (3 points)
A. The ling table is the south of the five ridges, which is also called outside the mountain. For example, Su Shi has a poem "Eat three hundred lychees a day," Resigning to be a Lingnan person."
B. Commentary refers to the memorials submitted to the emperor by a minister. The focus is on giving advice, such as " Demotion of Confessions "; the focus is on explaining the situation in sections, such as " Admonitions to Emperor Taizong's Ten Thoughts ".
C. Restraining the country, a political system in ancient China, usually refers to the prince staying in the palace to handle state affairs when the emperor went out; it also refers to the monarch's failure to take charge of the ruler and others act as the government affairs.
D. Ten thousand cheng, the article refers to the emperor. Zhou system, the emperor is thousands of miles away and sent ten thousand chariots, so the emperor is called "ten thousand cheng", which is in line with " The Qin Dynasty" 》The meaning of "Wancheng" in "To the Ten Thousand Chengs" is the same.
12. The following overview of the contents of the original text is (3 points)
A. Emperor Taizong followed Wei Zheng's advice and pacified the land of Lingnan without abolishing one soldier. Therefore, he praised Wei Zheng's outstanding ability.
B. Taizong believed that war was an ominous thing and should not be launched easily. Fu Jian and the Sui lords were both destructive due to the military force.
C. Tang Taizong did not seek fame. He was worried that protecting the subordinate parliament would cause the people of his country to be exhausted, and did not agree to the request of Kang Guo to surrender.
D. Yuchi Jingde opposes Emperor Taizong of Tang’s personal expedition to Goryeo. Although Emperor Taizong thinks he is right, he does not follow his advice in the end.
13. Translate the sentences with horizontal lines in the text into modern Chinese. (8 points)
(1) If you send an envoy now and clearly explain it, you will not work hard to get a brigade and will lead to the garrison. (4 points)
(2) Although the land is wide, if the war is good, the people will wither; if China is safe, if the war is forgotten, the people will be in danger. (4 points)
14. What are the intentions of Emperor Taizong of Tang using the examples of Goujian and Xu Yan at the end of the article? (3 points)
(2) Reading of ancient poetry (This question has 2 sub-questions, 9 points)
Read the following Tang poem, complete questions 15 to 16.
Given General Zhang
Yang Juyuan
Guanxi generals bowed to the light, and the sword of the independent camp gate was frost.
Know Ai Lu Lian ① to return to the sea, and will allow Wang Jian ② to be in Pinyang.
The sun is sunny and the red flags are full of mountains, and the sun is clear and the sun is clear and the walls are long.
People envy you for your youth, and the trees in the Han family are all vast.
Note: ①Lu Lian, Lu Zhonglian , Warring States Historical Qi Kingdom , helped Pingyuanjun to wander on the sea after he succeeded, and refused to become an official. ②Wang Jian, a general of the Qin State in during the Warring States Period. When Qin destroyed Chu, because the King of Qin did not use any words, he entrusted his illness to resign from his post and returned to Pinyang for his retirement. ③ The Han family’s tree, “Chronicle Chaoranke Official Account” is called “Han Tan Smoke Tree”, “Han Tan” refers to the place where Liu Bang builds the altar and worships Han Xin as a general.
15. The following understanding and appreciation of poetry is incorrect (3 points)
A. The first couplet depicts the picture of General Zhang taking credit for in Kansai area and its majestic posture in the army.
B. Although the neck couplet does not contain traces of battle, it can still allow readers to imagine the intense battle scenes of the frontier.
C. The poem uses frost sword, red flag, clear basin, long stop, etc., reflecting the vigorous and majestic style characteristics.
D. The poetry borrows the allusions of Lu Lian, Wang Jian and the Han Dynasty worship generals, enriches the meaning of the poem and enhances the realm of the poem.
16. When talking about the background of the creation of this poem, my predecessor said, "Why does the general have the ambition to retire?" What do you think? Please briefly analyze it in combination with the text. (6 points)
(3) Descriptive writing of famous sentences (This question has 3 questions in total, 6 points)
17. Make up for the vacant parts in the following sentences. (6 points)
(1) In "The Analects of Confucius·Li Ren", the two sentences that emphasize that we should not only learn from the excellent people around us, but also strengthen self-reflection are "____________________".
(2) In "The Untamed Biao", Li Mi uses the two sentences "_________, _________" to express the request to not give up his life from the perspective of time, and cleverly resolves the contradiction between loyalty and filial piety.
(3) Guanshan refers to the mountains and rivers of Guanzhai, and also refers to distant places. This image often appears in poetry in Tang and Song dynasties, and poets often use it to express their sorrow and sad feelings, such as "___________________".
3. Language and text application (20 points)
(I) Language and text application I (This question has 3 questions, 10 points)
Read the following text and complete questions 18 to 20.
Watching lanterns on the Lantern Festival on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, old Beijingers are generally called "Lantern Market" or " Lanterns ", and some are also called "Lantern Festival". But whether it is the word "彩", "彩", or "彩", it reflects the flaunting spirit of Lantern Festival at that time. (①), showing rich and infinite imagination. Many lights gather together, which is a small encyclopedia. Since when, the Lantern Festival has entered the park or TV. Even if you can see the lights in front of streets, alleys, tall buildings and business shops, almost ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In old Beijing, (A) Lantern Festival is in the streets and alleys, and among the common people, there is the "noisy" spirit of "speech". At that time, Qianmen and Liulichang were the most glorious. "There are light horses and light cars alleys, and the spring is increasing again. Tonight I was idle and the moon was reunited, so many tourists only looked at the lights", Chaoranke official account (②). (B) Even in the alley and in the courtyard, children will carry lanterns , angrily wind (a simple circular lantern), or small orange lanterns to run around the world.
Now, the Lantern Festival has no longer the "notch" of the past, and the lamps cannot be compared with those _____________. For Lantern Festival lantern , our imagination seems to be ________, and the taste of Lantern Festival is the only taste of Lantern Festival.
18. Fill in the words on the horizontal line in the text in sequence. The appropriate item is (3 points).
A. Shrinking as if it is the same, dazzling, degenerate
B. Shrinking as the same, dazzling, degenerate
C. Shrinking as if it is the same, dazzling, degenerate
D. Shrinking as if it is the same, dazzling, degenerate
D. Shrinking as if it is the same, dizzy, degenerate
19. The following statement is correct (3 points)
A. The word "even if" is used improperly, it should be changed to "although".
B. The positions of the sentences (A) (B) can be interchanged and do not affect the expression of the text.
C. Adding wavy lines uses the rhetorical technique of simulating objects and is vivid and vivid.
D. The folk customs and language in the text are full of Beijing flavor, but the regional characteristics are not distinct enough.
20. Write appropriate sentences at (①) (②) to make the whole paragraph complete and coherent meaning, appropriate content, and rigorous logic. There are no more than 12 words per place. (4 points)
(II) Language and text application II (This question has 2 questions, 10 points)
Read the following text and complete questions 21~22.
Aliases of the five iconic competition venues of the Beijing Winter Olympics are simple and clear, and have good sound and meaning.
" Snowy Dragon ", ___________. "Snow Ruyi", the national ski jump center, is designed inspiration from the traditional Chinese auspicious ornament "Ruyi". The S-shaped curve of its section and the top are like the "handle body" and "handle head" of "Ruyi". "Ruyi" is also a symbol of Chinese traditional culture , meaning good luck and satisfaction. "Snow Feitian" is an alias for Shougang Skiing Platform. Its gorgeous and twisted appearance looks like the business card of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes - "Feitian" with a lively and elegant body. Chaoranke public account "Water Cube" has long been famous as the National Swimming Center . Now the "Water Cube" turns magnificently into the "Ice Cube", achieving a seamless connection between the two movements. The difference between "water" and "ice" lies in whether there is a symbol of "medical". "Ice Ribbon" is the world's first Winter Olympics speed skating venue that uses carbon dioxide cross-critical direct cooling ice making technology. Inspired by the old Beijing traditional winter game "Ice Gyro", the designer used 22 crystal-like curved glass curtain walls surrounding the outer layer to "trace" the shadows of athletes skating quickly.
21. Please write an introduction word for the "Snow Travel Dragon" venue based on the bird's-eye view of "Snow Travel Dragon" and imitate the wavy line sentence in the text. Requirements: Comply with the characteristics of the venue, use at least one rhetoric. (6 points)
(National snow car sled venue)
22. Please briefly summarize the three characteristics reflected in the design of the five major venues based on the content of the paragraph. Requirements: Each feature does not exceed 15 words. (4 points)
4. Writing (60 points)
23. Read the following materials and write according to the requirements. (60 points)
Material 1:
Qiu Zhang asked: "Does a gentleman compete with each other?"
Zi said: "When you see profit, fight for favor, and fight for justice, and fight for reform if you are not good at fighting for change."
——"Wen Zhongzi·Wei Xiangpian"
Material 2:
Only if you don't compete, so no one in the world can compete with it.
——"Tao Te Ching"
Please write an article in the content of the materials to reflect your feelings and thoughts.
requirements: select the right angle, determine the idea, clarify the style, and write your own title; do not copy, do not copy; do not disclose personal information; no less than 800 words.
Reference answers and scoring criteria
1. Modern language reading (35 points)
(I) Modern language reading] (This question has 5 questions, 19 points)
1.A (Zhang Guan Li Dai)
2.C (A misinterprets the meaning of the text, B expresses absolute, D is not happening)
3.A (emphasizing the value of calligraphy to literati painting)
4.① Comparative argumentation, (1 point) Comparison and argumentation by literati painting with the concept of "absolute space" in physics, and clearly argue that the purpose of literati painting is to break away from the specific space, reflect the inner logic of life, and gain the view of life perception.(1 point)
② Quote argument, (1 point) By citing Zhao Mengfu's poem, it proves that the beauty of painting lies in the lines and colors of the painting, which is very authoritative and persuasive. (1 point)
5.① "Aura and charm" is the realm and interest of the spirit of the brush and ink of literati. ② Chinese painting always emphasizes the aesthetic principle of "spiritual and dynamic", downplays the resemblance and realistic, and emphasizes subjective mood. ③ Chaoranke official account The picture does not pursue the diversity or ingenuity of natural scenery, but pursues the interest of brush and ink to convey the artist's subjective mental concepts. (6 points, 2 points per point)
(II) Modern Language Reading II (This question has 4 questions, 16 points)
6.D (A. "Getting rich through development" is wrong, B. "Let me grab his back every day to comfort myself" is wrong, C. "Buy new clothes for my father to change my father's view of my lack of prospects" is wrong)
7.B ("I am indecently inferior")
8.① It reflects the filial piety of my son and the harmonious relationship between father and son. ② The original description is full of life atmosphere and reflects the ideal life form in the traditional agricultural civilized society. (4 points, 2 points per point)
9. Reflects: ① Yu Qiankun has a promising life, allowing his parents to live a life of adequate food and clothing, but cannot let his parents enjoy the joy of family; ② I have no promising life, and did not let my father live a rich life, but let him enjoy the joy and satisfaction of life. (2 points)
The relationship between the two: ① While pursuing personal prospects, we should not ignore the happiness that brings daily human emotions to our parents; ② While we allow our parents to gain spiritual happiness, we should also have a future, satisfy their parents, and actively assume social responsibilities and obligations. (4 points, 2 points per point)
2. Reading of ancient poetry (35 points)
(I) Reading of civil servants (This question has 5 questions, 20 points)
10.A (And if Feng Ang rebelled, he would have to be in peace with China, divide his troops and break the dangers, break the prefectures and counties, and set up lawsuits. Why did the soldiers not leave the country after several years?)
11.D ("The meaning of "Wancheng" in "Theory of the Over Qin Dynasty"" is the same as the "Wancheng" of Wancheng""" is wrong)
12.D ("Although Taizong thought he was right" is wrong)
13.(1) Now if he sends an envoy, he will tell them clearly that he will not have to bother the army, and they will surrender to the court themselves. (4 points. 1 point each of "talk", "labor" and "recruitment", and 1 point for the meaning of the language)
(2) Although the territory is vast, being keen on war will decay people's livelihood; although the Central Plains are stable, ignoring war preparations will make the people slack off. (4 points. 1 point each of "wither", "China" and "inflict" and "death", 1 point for the meaning of the word)
14. ① Use Goujian's example to warn the ministers to demonstrate the prestige of the court, encourage the morale of the people, and prevent them from being mentally slacking off. ② Use Xu Yan's example to warn the ministers that they can protect national security only by always keeping war preparedness. (3 points)
(II) Reading of ancient poetry (This question has 2 sub-questions, 9 points)
15.A. ("Being proud of one's contribution" is wrong)
16. I think this poem was created in the context of General Zhang's intention of retirement. ① The second couplet borrows the allusion that Lu Zhonglian and Wang Jian were not valued and retired, and tactfully advises General Zhang not to have the idea of retirement, because he is being appreciated and valued by the court. ② The last couplet uses a classic, explaining that the heroes in history have been recorded in history, and advises General Zhang to cherish opportunities, grasp the present, and realize greater ideals and ambitions. (6 points. Each point is 3 points. If you have other opinions, it is enough to make sense)
(3) Writing famous sentences (This question has 3 sub-questions, 6 points)
17. (1) Thinking about the virtuous and reflecting on yourself when you see the virtuous is not virtuous
(2) It is the meritorious who pays far apart to your Majesty and paying attention to the long day of your Majesty. The day of Liu is short.
(3) Example 1: The north of Rongma Pass Mountains The tears flow through the stream (Du Fu of Tang Dynasty, "Climbing Yueyang Tower")
Example 2: I would like to ask where the plum blossoms fall and the wind blows all night. (Gao Shi of Tang Dynasty, "Listening to the Flute on the Frontier")
(6 points. 1 point for every empty, no points for the sentence of typos or missing words)
3. Language and text use (20 points)
18.B (Shrinkage, meaning "declination". Shrinkage, meaning "contraction". The same thing: refers to things with only one form and no change. As the same is true: a metaphor for speech or actions that are exactly the same. A wide range of pictures: a metaphor for the fullness of beautiful things. Breaking eyes: describes too many things in front of you or the scenery changes too fast, and you can't see it. Degeneration: refers to things from good to bad, from good to bad.Degeneration: refers to the change and deterioration of all things)
19. A (A. "Even" and "But" cannot be matched, but change to "although". B. The two sentences cannot be interchanged. C. Rhetoric is a metaphor. D. Regional characteristics are distinctive, such as Old Beijing, Siheyuan Chaoranke official account, etc.)
20. ① The lamps at that time were varied ② It refers to the grand occasion at that time (4 points. 2 points per place)
21. ① That is, the national sledge venue, ② The design concept is taken from the totem of Chinese culture "dragon", ③ Its shape is like a giant dragon winding on the top of the mountains and ridges, ④ The "dragon" is also a symbol of the Chinese nation, ⑤ It means auspiciousness, prosperity and strength. (6 points. 1 point per point, 1 point for the sentence)
22.① Organically combine with Chinese traditional culture; ② closely related to the Winter Olympics ice and snow projects; ③ cleverly integrate with modern high-end technology; ④ Highly conform to the concept and vision of the Winter Olympics. (4 points. 1:00 1:00, 2:3:00, 3:00, 3:00, the meaning is correct)
4. Writing (60 points)
23. It is recommended to refer to the 2021 Shandong College Entrance Examination Composition Scoring Standards and use 44 points as the benchmark.
Reference translation:
In the early years of Zhenguan, various prefectures and counties in Lingnan reported that the commander of Gaozhou, Feng Ang, raised an army to rebel. Emperor Taizong of Tang issued an edict to ask General Lin Ji to mobilize soldiers from dozens of states to attack. Wei Wei advised: "The Central Plains have just achieved peace, the people have not yet calmed down, and there are many miasma in the Lingnan area, and it is very difficult for soldiers to march. If the expected goal is not achieved, it will be too late to regret it. And if Feng Ang really rebels, he can collude with the southern ethnic minorities, divide his troops to defend dangerous places, conquer cities and conquer the land, and set up state prefectures. Why have people reported to him for rebellion for so many years, but his army did not attack Lingnan? This is the situation of rebellion has not yet been formed, so don't mobilize troops. Now if you send envoys, tell them clearly that you must not have to bother the army, and you will make them submit to the court themselves." Emperor Taizong of Tang accepted this opinion, and the Lingnan area was all stable. Emperor Taizong of Tang said: "At the beginning, local officials in Lingnan rumored that Feng Ang was going to rebel, and I was determined to attack them. Wei Wei made many suggestions, believing that as long as they were kindness to appease them, they would surrender themselves without starting a war. I followed his advice and did not need to have one soldier and one soldier to obtain peace in Lingnan. The effect was really better than the power of a hundred thousand troops." In the fourth year of Zhenguan, the minister in charge reported: "The Linyi Kingdom in the south had his memorials and he asked His Majesty to send troops. To attack them. "Tang Emperor Taizong said: "War is an ominous matter and only needs to be used at any time. Since ancient times, there have been no one who is powerful in military force. Fu Jian relied on his strong military force and must annex the Jin Dynasty and mobilized millions of troops, but he died in one fell swoop. Emperor Yang of Sui also had to conquer Goryeo. After years of war and labor, the people were suffering. He finally died at the hands of villains. When I thought of this, how could I send troops easily? "In the end, I did not attack Lin Yi. In the fifth year of Zhenguan, Kang State requested surrender. Emperor Taizong of Tang said: "Many emperors of the previous dynasties pursued a vast territory to gain the reputation behind them. Doing so is not good for themselves, but also makes the people exhausted. If the Kang State surrendered to our dynasty, we would have to rescue them in trouble. If they had to march thousands of miles away there, how could it not make the people tired? If the people were tired for the sake of fame, this was not what I wanted. I would not accept their request for surrender." In the 19th year of Zhenguan, Tang Taizong was going to go to Goryeo personally. Yuchi Jingde reported: "If Your Majesty personally conquers Liaodong, the Crown Prince is now in Dingzhou and the two capitals of the East and West. Although there are soldiers guarding it, it is still very empty. Moreover, Goryeo is a remote small country, why should Your Majesty personally conquer it? I ask Your Majesty to appoint good generals to conquer them, and they will naturally be destroyed soon." Although Emperor Taizong of Tang did not adopt his opinion, some knowledgeable people at the time thought that his suggestion was correct.
In the "Choranke official account Emperor Fan", Emperor Taizong of Tang wrote: "Although the territory is vast, being keen on war will bring people's livelihood to decline; although the Central Plains are stable, ignoring war preparations will make people slack off. The decline of people's livelihood is not a way to protect the country, and slack off is not a strategy to defend the enemy. Armed forces cannot be completely removed or used frequently.Therefore, when people are slack in farming, they should practice martial arts to demonstrate the majesty of the Tang Dynasty; for three years of training troops, they should distinguish the ranks. Therefore, King Goujian of Yue respected the angry frog and finally achieved his hegemony; Xu Yan gave up his martial arts and eventually destroyed the country. Why is this? Because King Yue strengthened his power, Xu Yan forgot to prepare for war. ”
Degeneration: refers to the change and deterioration of all things)19. A (A. "Even" and "But" cannot be matched, but change to "although". B. The two sentences cannot be interchanged. C. Rhetoric is a metaphor. D. Regional characteristics are distinctive, such as Old Beijing, Siheyuan Chaoranke official account, etc.)
20. ① The lamps at that time were varied ② It refers to the grand occasion at that time (4 points. 2 points per place)
21. ① That is, the national sledge venue, ② The design concept is taken from the totem of Chinese culture "dragon", ③ Its shape is like a giant dragon winding on the top of the mountains and ridges, ④ The "dragon" is also a symbol of the Chinese nation, ⑤ It means auspiciousness, prosperity and strength. (6 points. 1 point per point, 1 point for the sentence)
22.① Organically combine with Chinese traditional culture; ② closely related to the Winter Olympics ice and snow projects; ③ cleverly integrate with modern high-end technology; ④ Highly conform to the concept and vision of the Winter Olympics. (4 points. 1:00 1:00, 2:3:00, 3:00, 3:00, the meaning is correct)
4. Writing (60 points)
23. It is recommended to refer to the 2021 Shandong College Entrance Examination Composition Scoring Standards and use 44 points as the benchmark.
Reference translation:
In the early years of Zhenguan, various prefectures and counties in Lingnan reported that the commander of Gaozhou, Feng Ang, raised an army to rebel. Emperor Taizong of Tang issued an edict to ask General Lin Ji to mobilize soldiers from dozens of states to attack. Wei Wei advised: "The Central Plains have just achieved peace, the people have not yet calmed down, and there are many miasma in the Lingnan area, and it is very difficult for soldiers to march. If the expected goal is not achieved, it will be too late to regret it. And if Feng Ang really rebels, he can collude with the southern ethnic minorities, divide his troops to defend dangerous places, conquer cities and conquer the land, and set up state prefectures. Why have people reported to him for rebellion for so many years, but his army did not attack Lingnan? This is the situation of rebellion has not yet been formed, so don't mobilize troops. Now if you send envoys, tell them clearly that you must not have to bother the army, and you will make them submit to the court themselves." Emperor Taizong of Tang accepted this opinion, and the Lingnan area was all stable. Emperor Taizong of Tang said: "At the beginning, local officials in Lingnan rumored that Feng Ang was going to rebel, and I was determined to attack them. Wei Wei made many suggestions, believing that as long as they were kindness to appease them, they would surrender themselves without starting a war. I followed his advice and did not need to have one soldier and one soldier to obtain peace in Lingnan. The effect was really better than the power of a hundred thousand troops." In the fourth year of Zhenguan, the minister in charge reported: "The Linyi Kingdom in the south had his memorials and he asked His Majesty to send troops. To attack them. "Tang Emperor Taizong said: "War is an ominous matter and only needs to be used at any time. Since ancient times, there have been no one who is powerful in military force. Fu Jian relied on his strong military force and must annex the Jin Dynasty and mobilized millions of troops, but he died in one fell swoop. Emperor Yang of Sui also had to conquer Goryeo. After years of war and labor, the people were suffering. He finally died at the hands of villains. When I thought of this, how could I send troops easily? "In the end, I did not attack Lin Yi. In the fifth year of Zhenguan, Kang State requested surrender. Emperor Taizong of Tang said: "Many emperors of the previous dynasties pursued a vast territory to gain the reputation behind them. Doing so is not good for themselves, but also makes the people exhausted. If the Kang State surrendered to our dynasty, we would have to rescue them in trouble. If they had to march thousands of miles away there, how could it not make the people tired? If the people were tired for the sake of fame, this was not what I wanted. I would not accept their request for surrender." In the 19th year of Zhenguan, Tang Taizong was going to go to Goryeo personally. Yuchi Jingde reported: "If Your Majesty personally conquers Liaodong, the Crown Prince is now in Dingzhou and the two capitals of the East and West. Although there are soldiers guarding it, it is still very empty. Moreover, Goryeo is a remote small country, why should Your Majesty personally conquer it? I ask Your Majesty to appoint good generals to conquer them, and they will naturally be destroyed soon." Although Emperor Taizong of Tang did not adopt his opinion, some knowledgeable people at the time thought that his suggestion was correct.
In the "Choranke official account Emperor Fan", Emperor Taizong of Tang wrote: "Although the territory is vast, being keen on war will bring people's livelihood to decline; although the Central Plains are stable, ignoring war preparations will make people slack off. The decline of people's livelihood is not a way to protect the country, and slack off is not a strategy to defend the enemy. Armed forces cannot be completely removed or used frequently.Therefore, when people are slack in farming, they should practice martial arts to demonstrate the majesty of the Tang Dynasty; for three years of training troops, they should distinguish the ranks. Therefore, King Goujian of Yue respected the angry frog and finally achieved his hegemony; Xu Yan gave up his martial arts and eventually destroyed the country. Why is this? Because King Yue strengthened his power, Xu Yan forgot to prepare for war. ”
