Should diabetics get vaccinated? Which vaccine should I get?
"Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Type 2 Diabetes in China (2022 Edition)" recommends:
1, diabetes patients under 2 years old were vaccinated with [13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine].
All patients with diabetes over 2 years old are recommended to receive the [23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine]. Patients over 65 years old need to receive the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, and those who have been vaccinated for more than 5 years must receive it again.
2. Diabetic patients with age ≥6 months must receive the [influenza vaccine] every year.
study results show that the risk of hospitalization for influenza and pneumonia in diabetic patients is 6 times and 1.2-2.2 times that of non-diabetic people, respectively, and the risk of dying due to influenza and pneumonia is 2-4 times that of non-diabetic people. In the study of hospitalized patients, the proportion of respiratory infection in diabetic patients in China can reach 34.2%, and diabetic patients have 10.8% of lower respiratory infections.
Diabetic patients are more likely to suffer from influenza and pneumonia due to hyperglycemia and metabolic disorders, which lead to impaired immune function, causing specific immune function defects, and are more susceptible to infectious diseases such as influenza and pneumonia; and infection can easily lead to worsening diabetes. Diabetic patients are not only prone to respiratory diseases, but also often have a poor prognosis after infection.
Recent studies have found that the greater the difference between the blood sugar level and the average blood sugar level of community-acquired pneumonia patients with diabetes, the more likely it is to have adverse outcomes, such as acute respiratory failure, acute myocardial infarction, , and septic shock. People who need intensive care will face longer ventilator usage and hospitalization time.
influenza vaccine vaccination timing
All regions will receive vaccination as soon as possible after the vaccine is available. It can be vaccinated throughout the flu epidemic season. elderly patients with diabetes are recommended to complete vaccination before the end of October to obtain immune protection as soon as possible. Those who have not been vaccinated before the end of October will be vaccinated throughout the flu epidemic season. For mild and moderate acute diseases with or without fever symptoms, it is recommended to get vaccinated after the symptoms subside.
The "Technical Guidelines for the Prevention and Vaccination of Influenza Vaccination in China (2022-2023)" just released by the People's Republic of China (2022-2023)" combines the situation of the new crown and the influenza epidemic. In order to minimize the harm of influenza and its impact on the prevention and control of the new crown epidemic, patients with chronic diseases, including diabetes, are the focus and high-risk groups, recommend priority to prompt vaccination.
The elderly diabetic patients are vaccinated with influenza vaccine, and the protective effect on hospitalization is 23%, and the protective effect on deaths of all causes is 38% to 56%.
Therefore, it is recommended that diabetics take the initiative to get pneumococcal vaccine and influenza vaccine.
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