The 2022 Nobel Prize will be announced one after another from October 3 to 10, including Physiology or Medicine Prize , Physics Prize, Chemistry Prize, Literature Prize, etc.
On October 4, the 2022 Nobel Prize in Physics was announced. Scientists Alain Aspect, John Francis Clauser and Anton Zeilinger (Anton Zeilinger) jointly won this award for their research in the field of quantum information science .
2022 Nobel Prize winners in Physics
On October 5, the 2022 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Carolyn R. Bertozzi, Morten Meldal and K. Barry Sharpless in recognition of their contributions to "click chemistry and bioorthogonal chemistry".
2022 Nobel Prize winner in Chemistry
So, how was the Nobel Prize established? And why is it issued in Swedish and Norwegian ?
First of all, the Nobel Prize was established based on the Nobel Prize in 1895. It contains five awards: the Physics Prize, the Chemistry Prize, the Peace Prize, the Physiology or Medicine Prize and the Literature Prize, which is intended to recognize those who "maximum contribution to mankind" in physics, chemistry, peace, Physiology or medicine and literature; and Swedish Central Bank established in 1968 to recognize those who have made outstanding contributions in the field of economics .
The Nobel Prize in 1901 was awarded for the first time, including: Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Peace Prize , Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine and Nobel Prize in Literature . In 1968, the Swedish Central Bank added the "Swedish Central Bank Memorial Nobel Prize in Economic Science", which was first awarded in 1969. People are used to call this additional prize the Nobel Prize in Economics. The Nobel Prize selection committee usually announces the winners every October. The award ceremony is held by the king on December 10th every year, the anniversary of Nobel's death. The award ceremony is held by the king in the Swedish capital Stockholm and the Norwegian capital Oslo . According to the official website of the Nobel Prize, the Nobel Prize is selected and awarded every year. The Nobel Prize includes a gold medal, a certificate and a prize. As of 2019, a total of 919 individuals and 24 groups were awarded, of which 4 individuals and 1 group won twice and 1 group won three times.
Then why are some awards given in Sweden and some awards given in Norway? In fact, among all the awards, only the Nobel Peace Prize was awarded in Norway. As for the reason, there is no explanation in the will. There are two rumors: 1. The reason why Nobel entrusted the Peace Prize to Norway was because Norway was still part of Sweden at that time, but Norway had always wanted to be independent from Sweden. Nobel once wrote that seeing that Sweden and Norway were likely to have a military conflict, he sincerely hoped that the people of both sides could live in harmony. Therefore, entrusting the Peace Prize to Norway for the selection can also be said to be the wish of Nobel for peace between Sweden and Norway. 2. Compared with Sweden, Norway has traditionally not had much military behavior. On the contrary, it has participated more in international peace work than Sweden. This is also the same in Norway's recent performance in the international community. So, you know?
