article: Shixia
Where is the safest place to put your money? Some people buy jewelry and precious metals to maintain their value, some invest in various funds to increase their value, and some buy real estate. But for ordinary people, the most common way to manage money is bank deposits. After all, the safety and reliability of banks deserve everyone’s trust. At the same time, there is still interest to be earned, so more and more people are depositing money in banks.
According to data released by the International Monetary Fund , China's national savings rate has been among the highest in the world since the 1970s. In the early 1990s, residents' savings accounted for more than 35% of the gross national product. By 2005, China's savings rate was as high as 51%, while the global average savings rate was only 19.7%.
In 2009, my country's residents' savings balance exceeded 18 trillion yuan, the savings rate ranked first in the world, and per capita savings exceeded 10,000 yuan. In September 2013, my country's residents' savings exceeded 43 trillion yuan for three consecutive months, and per capita savings exceeded 30,000 yuan, making it the country with the largest savings in the world.
According to the latest data from the central bank , as of the end of March this year, the balance of RMB deposits was 243.1 trillion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 10.0%. But is depositing money in a bank absolutely safe? What if the bank goes bankrupt? Many people will ask this question: "Can banks fail?" The answer is yes. Bank failure is nothing new in the world. Investment banks such as JPMorgan Chase and Lehman Brothers have faced the risk of bankruptcy many times. In our country, it is understood that four banks have declared bankruptcy.
As early as 1998, Hainan Development Bank had a run, causing a very serious credit crisis. Although the government allocated 3.4 billion to make up for the "bad debts", it was ultimately unable to save it. Hainan Bank eventually went bankrupt and became the first bankrupt bank in my country. The second one is Shangcun Rural Credit Cooperative in Suning County, Hebei Province. Due to poor management, it went bankrupt and liquidated, becoming the first rural credit cooperative in my country to go bankrupt.
The third bankrupt bank was Shantou City Commercial Bank . In fact, Shantou Commercial Bank is quite large and was formed by the merger of 13 local credit unions. However, due to problems such as charging high-interest deposits and misappropriating funds, bad debts amounted to 4 billion yuan, and it was eventually ordered to suspend operations for rectification by the People's Bank of China .
The fourth one is Baoshang Bank. In 2019, due to credit risks , Baoshang Bank was jointly taken over by the People's Bank of China and China Insurance Regulatory Commission. On August 6, 2020, Baoshang Bank officially filed for bankruptcy due to insolvency. Many people may not be familiar with this bank and think it is a small commercial bank. Little do they know that Baoshang Bank is very famous in the world and ranks among the top 10 of Asia's top 500 banks.
However, even if the bank fails, it does not mean that the previous business will be ignored. There will still be new banks to take over a series of affairs. Still, the word bank failure causes some panic. Leaving bank bankruptcies aside, five more banks have now been named for "criticism."
These five banks include Beijing Rural Commercial Bank , Shanghai Pudong Development Bank, Dalian Bank , Agricultural Development Bank and Agricultural Bank of China. Even Shanghai Pudong Development Bank and Agricultural Bank of China are also on the "list". Aren't you surprised? In fact, the reasons why these banks were named as "criticized" can be attributed to two types of mistakes, one is arbitrary charging and the other is bundled sales.
Many times when we go to the bank to handle business, when we need to sign, in most cases we do not read every clause in the contract carefully, but sign directly. However, the contract we signed has some clauses that require charges, and the amount charged is not very large, so many people don't care, but they will deduct it every year.
In addition, when we go to the bank to apply for loan business, bank staff often recommend some financial products to us. Although financial products are essentially harmless to us, they are also a form of indirect bundled sales, and bank staff also rely on this kind of sales to complete their quotas.
This is nothing. Today's banks will not only close down, but also "disappear". In November 2020, Panzhihua City Commercial Bank and Liangshan Prefecture Commercial Bank merged to form Sichuan Bank . There is also Liaoshen Bank . According to the Liaoning Provincial Government plan, Liaoshen Bank was newly established by merging 12 related city commercial banks in Liaoning Province.
In addition to Yingkou Coastal Bank and Liaoyang Bank , Anshan Bank , Benxi Bank, Chaoyang Bank , Dandong Bank , Fushun Bank , Fuxin Bank , Huludao Bank in Liaoning Province Ten city commercial banks including , Panjin Bank, Tieling Bank, Yingkou Bank and will also be merged one after another.
In April 2021, five local banks in Shanxi were "approved" by the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission to enter the merger and reorganization process. The reorganized banks include Datong Bank , Changzhi Bank , Jincheng Bank , Jinzhong Bank and Yangquan Commercial Bank. After the merger and reorganization of these banks, they became the current Bank of Shanxi.
In addition to the above-mentioned banks, there are many merger and reorganization cases, such as Yulin Rural Commercial Bank, Xuzhou Rural Commercial Bank, etc. Starting from 2020, 23 banks have merged. When banks go bankrupt, merge and reorganize to form new banks, many depositors are even more worried about whether they can get all the money in these banks back? Do I still have to pay back the money I owe to these banks?
The answer may not be friendly to savers, and the loan must still be repaid normally. As mentioned above, the debts of the bankrupt bank will be transferred to a third-party bank for liability, and the claims will be transferred to the bank that assumes responsibility. So, the money we owe the bank just changes to a different creditor.
If the bank goes bankrupt, according to the relevant provisions of the "Deposit Insurance System", depositors can pay up to 500,000 yuan in compensation. Depositors whose deposits are less than 500,000 yuan can be redeemed in full, while depositors with more than 500,000 yuan can only recover 500,000 yuan.
However, there are three situations in which the bank will not lose any money: first, the depositors' deposits in the bank are lost; second, the financial products purchased from the bank suffer principal losses; third, the financial products sold by the bank have a redemption crisis. Because the bank only acts as an intermediary, if there is a problem with payment difficulties, it can only go to the issuer of the financial product, and the bank is not responsible.
Therefore, if you do not have insurance in the bankrupt bank, you will not be compensated. In short, we must be careful when saving money in the bank, consider the potential risks, and do not put all our eggs in the same basket.
