...Comment on "Research on the Current Use Status of Elevators Installed in Existing Multi-story Residential Houses in Shanghai"
"Monograph and Review" published by Shu Wenhua, President of Shanghai Special Equipment Supervision and Inspection Technology Research Institute, and others in the magazine "China Special Equipment Safety" : "Research on the current status of elevator installation in existing multi-story residential buildings in Shanghai", from which we can draw the following conclusions: first, the official professional authoritative organization, second, the magazine is professional and authoritative and representative, and third, based on "monographs and reviews" The formal publication itself is an authoritative summary of the installation of elevators.
The author mainly conducted research on the situation of the elevator itself; they randomly surveyed 226 retrofitted elevators in 13 districts in Shanghai, including 92 Shanghai Mitsubishi and 18 Otis; and the remaining 28 elevator manufacturers. Much of it is managed by the owners themselves.
1. A considerable number of them are still within the two-year warranty period. As of the end of the survey (the paper is 2021.9), 112 units have not yet failed, and 114 units have failed, with a failure rate > 50%; the average annual failure rate: δ 88 units had ≤3 times, 23 units had 4<δ≤6>6 times. The main reasons include long-term door blocking, sill garbage, etc. causing the elevator door to be unable to close; elevator buttons are damaged, door machine failure; shaft settlement causing the elevator door to be misaligned, power instability, high temperature crash, etc. It can be expected that as the use time increases, the warranty period expires, the quality of maintenance fails, and the failure rate will definitely increase. In addition, the number of Mitsubishi and Otis brand elevators sampled exceeds half of the total number in this survey; if it is a no-name elevator, the failure rate will be higher and the quality will be worse.
2. After installation, 101 units suffered from shaft leakage, pit leakage, high-temperature crashes, etc., accounting for 44.7%; 28 units suffered from high-temperature crashes, including 10 out of 28 all-glass units; (Note: Elevator technical condition specifications require ambient temperature At +5~40⁰c; high or low temperatures will cause crashes and other out-of-control accidents. )
3. The elevator payment fee is about 10,000 yuan per year after the warranty period, excluding insurance premiums. Already a handful of property owners have refused to pay. In a community where an elevator is installed, the property management company is unwilling to take over this "hot potato" due to low property fees and raises the property management fee. Residents of the community do not agree; the owner of the installation is the owner's committee, which has an unfair name and does not have legal personality. , and are unwilling to bear various risks after installation. In fact, many of them are managed by the owners themselves, and the alarm telephone system is installed in the home of the person in charge; the elevator installation lacks professional quality management.
4. The author summarized the five major problems in installing elevators: (1). It is difficult to control the construction quality of elevators; (2). It is difficult to implement the responsible persons for use management; (3). There are hidden dangers in ensuring safe operation; (4). Daily routine It is difficult to implement the supervision and inspection system; (5) It is difficult to implement the later operating funds.
From the summary, we can see that the problem is still very serious. Since the installation of elevators lowered the approval threshold, the required enterprise qualification certificate level was low, and the own funds were small; there was a mix of good and bad; the supervision and management of the competent authorities was basically relaxed; large-scale quality problems occurred during the construction, and some shaft settlements and leaks occurred , water seepage from the pit will affect the components of the elevator itself; it will also cause elevator failure. It is very difficult to solve. There is also a high or low temperature crash, so install an air conditioner, right? Since there is no machine room, the effect of adjusting the temperature is limited.
5. Special mention: The author of this article starts from their profession and mainly talks about the elevator itself; it has not yet touched on the safety of the main structure, fire prevention, natural ventilation, lighting, noise; occupation of car spaces, greening, community roads; and changes due to underground pipelines cause blockage of sewage pipes and other aspects. Also, Omicron is currently infected through aerosols. The newly installed elevators have cut out the outer windows of the stairs, resulting in the stairwell being unable to be naturally ventilated and the elevator car being unventilated, which has accelerated the spread of COVID-19 in the elevator hall and car. It was also discovered by the governor of Jilin Province; experts believe that preventing respiratory infections such as COVID-19, influenza, SARS, etc. is a long-term process.
6. House safety and structural earthquake resistance should be paid attention to. Han Zhenling, deputy to the Shanghai Municipal People's Congress and deputy director of the Shanghai Earthquake Prediction and Analysis Center, pointed out: Buildings built in the 1990s and before did not meet the earthquake resistance standards and entered a quality retaliation cycle. We must find ways to remedy them and prevent urban safety risks. Old buildings are basically prefabricated brick-concrete structures , which are not earthquake-resistant.The installation will also require cutting off ring beams and exterior walls, weakening the overall structural performance and seismic performance; therefore, in addition to strengthening quality supervision in accordance with the State Council's " Construction Project Quality Management Regulations ", the installation of elevators should also be in accordance with the State Council's " Construction Project Quality Management Regulations " The institute's "Seismic Management Regulations for Construction Projects" conducts seismic appraisal; it also has to undergo the test of natural disasters such as hurricanes, typhoons, heavy rains, and earthquakes. Therefore, we expect more experts and regulatory authorities to conduct serious investigations, identify problems, and solve them. In particular, we must take strict precautions against house collapse accidents. The people's livelihood and contentment are the most important!
When installing an elevator, it should be installed conditionally according to the requirements of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the State Council.
When installing an elevator, it should be installed conditionally according to the requirements of the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the State Council.
