When the weather gets hot, urticaria, measles, heat rash and other skin diseases enter the peak season! Two days ago, HKUST saw a piece of news: The number of measles cases in the United States increased to 981! A record high in 25 years!
News source: Phoenix TV
Baby’s skin problems have also occupied the C position of backstage messages at HKUST! Among them, the most frequently asked question is urticaria:
How to cure urticaria? I'm very worried about recurring rashes...
Can I be allergic to yam? After a few days of eating yam, the baby broke out in urticaria.
No wonder the baby’s parents are so worried. Urticaria, the “little devil”, is extremely itchy when it attacks. Some babies may also develop fever and vomiting... In severe cases, they may also develop allergies. Sexual shock, life-threatening.
Today, HKUST will prepare an "Urticaria and Common Summer Rashes Combat Plan" for everyone, check it out quickly!
Step 1 of the battle: Recognize urticaria
When your baby develops red raised wheal-like rash as shown in the picture, and screams itchy, don't doubt it, it is urticaria that is coming to the baby!
The next step is to solve the problem: What is urticaria?
allergic!
What is the most important thing for babies with allergies?
looks for allergens and avoids allergens.
However, this is the troublesome thing about urticaria: For most cases of urticaria, it is difficult to find the cause.
Because, there are too many
food/drug allergies, viral/bacterial infections, hot and cold/sunlight irritation, mosquito bites, pollen, animal fur, irritating gases...
But in general, allergies and physics Sexual stimulation is the two major causes of urticaria.
Therefore, the best way is for parents to keep a long-term life diary for their baby, recording the baby's diet and items they have come into contact with , so that they can quickly find the cause of urticaria and avoid it in time!
Combat Step 2: Learn to identify
Many parents can't tell the difference between urticaria, measles, eczema , prickly heat, papular urticaria . Today, HKUST will teach you how to identify it!
➤Eczema
The most important thing in the treatment and prevention of eczema is moisturizing .
When the skin is red, swollen or even desquamated, it is recommended to use weak and medium-effective hormone ointments, such as Elosone, Udra, etc.;
When there is erosion but not much leakage, , zinc oxide liniment is recommended; when there is a lot of leakage, , use Baiduobang .
➤ Prickly heat (heat rash)
In the hot summer, sweat is not easy to increase and stays in the sweat glands, forming small raised blisters. Small blisters on the surface are white prickly heat, and deeper blisters are red prickly heat and pus prickly heat.
To deal with prickly heat, 6 words: cools down! clean! dry!
For anti-itching , calamine lotion can be used. If is particularly itchy, can take oral anti-allergic drugs under the guidance of a doctor, or appropriate topical hormone ointment, such as Uzhuol.
When prickly heat or local ulceration occurs, apply Baiduobang or erythromycin ointment, which can be anti-inflammatory and antibacterial;
prickly heat powder, talcum powder, moisturizing cream, etc. are not recommended!
➤Measles
Measles is caused by the measles virus, which is extremely contagious and is nicknamed "contagious".
The initial symptoms are similar to those of a cold, including fever, cough, runny nose, and small gray and white spots can be seen on the oral and buccal mucosa. After about 3 days of fever, red rashes appear all over the body, most of which are not itchy. It will gradually subside in about 3 days.
There is currently no specific cure for measles. The focus is on baby isolation and care . During this period, keep the room clean and ventilated, drink plenty of water, eat easily digestible and nutritious liquid/semi-liquid food, and be alert for complications.
Vaccination is currently the most effective way to prevent measles!
➤ Papular urticaria
sounds like a type of urticaria, but in fact it cannot be treated with eight sticks. Its more intuitive name is: insect bite dermatitis .
It is mainly caused by allergy to mosquito bites. red papules will appear within minutes or hours, accompanied by itching or swelling. , wheals, edema-type erythema, papules, and blisters may appear at the central puncture point. ▼
Just slide left and right. , may cause discomfort
Generally, the rash will subside on its own after 2 weeks, but it will relapse if it is bitten. Therefore, the focus of prevention and control is: Do a good job in preventing mosquitoes and insecticides .
Feeling of itching: Wash the wound with soap and cold water, apply calamine lotion or apply ice;
Feeling of itching is obvious, and the area of redness and swelling increases : Take oral anti-allergic drugs under the guidance of a doctor, such as Claritan and Zyrtec, which are recommended for children. , while short-term use of weak and medium-acting hormone ointments, such as erythromycin ointment, hydrocortisone ointment ;
If there is purulent exudate, pustules or scratches: external antibacterial ointment, such as erythromycin ointment, erythromycin ointment, etc. Many states.
Step 3 of the battle: symptomatic treatment
After urticaria is diagnosed, the most important thing is to treat it in time. Urticaria is divided into acute and chronic, and the treatments are also different!
➤ Acute urticaria
In the clinical treatment of urticaria in children, 70% are all acute urticaria. Features of
: has a rapid onset and disappears after a while. It reappears after a while, over and over again.
response methods:
① Drinking water : When you have a mild allergy, you can drink a lot of water to promote the excretion of allergens.
② Find allergens: quickly recalls what the baby ate and touched in the 2 to 3 hours before the rash. It has a higher chance of finding the allergens and avoiding them as much as possible in the future.
③ Send to the doctor: If the rash is small and the itching is mild, you can use calamine agent to relieve the itching. Symptoms are more important and seek medical attention promptly. Even if the rash subsides on the way to the doctor, you still need to see a doctor for diagnosis and treatment.
Urticaria may also cause angioedema, which manifests as edema of the skin, and may also cause swelling of the throat, causing difficulty in breathing. If there are signs, go to the emergency room immediately.
④ Medication: antihistamines are preferred, cetirizine drops and loratadine are recommended.
When antihistamine drugs are ineffective, glucocorticoids can be used for treatment under the guidance of a doctor, such as dexamethasone, prednisone acetate , etc., through intravenous drip or oral administration.
Note that these drugs should be used strictly in compliance with the doctor's prescription.
➤Chronic urticaria
The onset is slow and the symptoms are mild. Most of them only show itching at the rash. But the course of the disease is often more than 6 weeks, and the baby suffers from it!
Response method:
Choose the above antihistamine drug , and use it with calamine agent to relieve itching .
A group of antihistamines cannot be controlled well. It is recommended to increase the dosage of , or use several drugs in combination . If the effect of
is not good, immunosuppressants such as Tripterygium glycosides and cyclosporine can be appropriately selected for treatment.
Note: needs to be used under the strict control of doctors. .
calamine agent is only used to relieve itching. cannot cure urticaria. You cannot rely on it to treat your baby!
In addition, there are special urticaria , such as artificial urticaria , pressure urticaria, cold urticaria, etc. It has nothing to do with allergies. It is mostly chronic urticaria, and most of it will subside on its own.
Artificial urticaria
What parents should know is that drug treatment is only to alleviate the acute changes of urticaria and relieve discomfort, but it cannot completely eliminate the cause of urticaria.
If you don’t look for allergens, urticaria will reoccur! So, you know what to do!
Urticaria Questions
① How long do I need to take antihistamines for acute urticaria?
Answer: It is generally recommended to take it for 3-5 days. If the symptoms are well controlled, you can try to stop the medication. If there is no recurrence, you can completely stop the medication.
②What precautions should be taken during the onset of acute urticaria?
answer: Do not take hot baths (except for cold allergies), which will cause the baby's blood vessels to dilate and aggravate the condition. You can use cold towels to apply wet compresses.
③Is cetirizine safe for long-term use?
answer: It is relatively safe. If the condition requires, loratadine or cetirizine can be taken long-term.
④My baby has been suffering from chronic urticaria for three months. It doesn’t itch or scratch much. Should I still take long-term antihistamines?
Answer: The goal of controlling children's urticaria is to not affect life and sleep. If it does not affect, there is no need to use drugs.
⑤The allergen cannot be found. Is it necessary to do an allergen test?
Answer: It can be done if the triggering cause cannot be found for a long time, but don’t have high expectations for the allergen test results. Because there are so many things that can cause urticaria, the types of allergen tests are limited and may not be able to detect them.
⑥ Should you eat anything you should avoid if you have urticaria?
Answer: It is clear that acute urticaria is caused by a certain food allergy, and you need to strictly avoid eating the corresponding food in the future. However, the vast majority of chronic urticaria has nothing to do with food allergies, and food taboos are usually not recommended.
