wood, mud and stone paintings are all Luban disciples. Carpenters are the first. When building houses, carpenters always sit first. No matter the age of other craftsmen, other craftsmen cannot sit first when there is carpenters. When I was a child, the old seniors talked about the world when building houses and during meals, and they all sat in the first seat as carpenters. You must distinguish between carpenters and carpenters. Carpenters make furniture, repair wooden houses, and carpenters do wood carving. Most carpenters only know how to build construction site models! Only carpenters have the most comprehensive skills, including geometry, mathematics, mechanics, aesthetics, etc. As long as they can learn carpenters, other craftsmen's work is not a big deal.
When the wooden structure house was built, the patterns were all drawn by carpenters. The opening, depth, spacing of purlins, roof slope, pillars, front eaves and rear eaves are all painted on the door panel by the carpenter for advice from the owner. Then the stonemason, , plasterer, , work according to the carpenter's drawing paper. As for bamboo craftsman , blacksmiths, boat craftsmen, lacquer craftsmen, etc., they do not talk to the carpenter and have no cooperation. But when it comes to wages, stonemasons, blacksmiths and boatmen are higher than carpenters, because the first three work in open air or high-temperature stoves, and their physical strength is also high.
carpenters are divided into many types, including big carpenters who build houses, including carpenters who make coffins in the past; fine carpenters who mainly make furniture; Nan carpenters who mainly make hardwood, i.e. mahoganys. They are carpenters who mainly make hardwood, i.e. mahoganys. They are carpenters who mainly make wooden barrels, pots, lids and spoons. Judging from the tools in the picture, they are big carpenters. The tools are mainly axes, wooden horses (racks for building logs), horse nails (wooden slashing), large saws, ink buckets, , one-handed wood drills (used by all kinds of carpenters, most of them are used by round carpenters), corner rulers, plane chisels and various carpenters. Judging from the above main tools, they belong to the great carpenter.
The woodworking tools you used to make money to support your family. See how many types you can know, especially the first one. What are your names?
The first tool Trojan
What do you call this carpenter tool? In the 1970s and 1980s, the old woodworker used tools to fix wood. In that era, there was no chainsaw. The only way was to fix the wood on the wooden horse with a rope, use a line saw or cut the wood away, or cut it horizontally.
To be precise, Trojans are not carpenters' tools. Our owner usually provides Trojan horses. It is impossible for a carpenter to walk around the village with two heavy horses on his back. Trojans can be used as you sit.
2, adze cup. A must-have for the first process of rough wood processing. The carpenter does not live outside when he works in other villages. He is so tired of working during the day. He has to carry a crane to go home to sleep at night, and the next day he still carries it back to work. According to old carpenters, it is said that carrying adzes on the night road can ward off evil spirits, and the second is to defend yourself.
3. Horse nails are a necessary fixing tool for sawing round wood into boards. Without horse nails, the board cannot be sawed. We usually call this horse nail "leech or leech nail" here. It used to be used to build a wooden bracket for building bridges.
4. The mod is the primary tool for carpenters. It is said that the mod is warding off evil spirits. He inherits the magic of the master's money that can use the mod to tie ghosts and other evil things. The old carpenter in our village walks at night and holds a curved ruler (corner ruler) in his left hand and a long ink in his right hand. No matter how far or near he is, he never spends the night at the main house. My first father-in-law was a carpenter and retired at the age of 65. : I have a boat, there are no oars and no sails, I go out and go back and row the oars.
5. Saw (big straight saw, small straight saw, cut saw, face-to-face ~ for cutting tenons, wire saw , round-eye saw). Disassembled saws, circular saws, hugged saws, snail saws, etc., including large saws, two-person snatches, and half saws, all of which are used for round wood pulling boards. Hand saw includes broken saws, shredded saws, small hand saws, knife saws, and wire saws.
6. Axe, axe (two-sided blade, single-sided blade). Used to chop scraps or cut wood. The axe (head) has different sizes, including pieces, adzes, nailing axes, etc., "The axe is three years old for three years." Therefore, it is even more difficult to use.
7. The planing also has different sizes, including flat planing, round planing, groove planing, etc., planing (side planing, groove planing, color willow planing, line planing) seven-light planing, two-fine planing length 40-45cm), wasteland planing (long length 30-35 to create rough use). Essential planing (long and short for clean light without quats). Inclined wound (for cutting), round bead thread, small inclined mouth, for washing the mouth.
8. Chisel (two points, three points are used for furniture, four points are used for doors and windows, and five points are used for doors and windows. ｅ chisel ~ used for building houses.) Chisels include chisels, seven points, five points, three points, round chisels (large circle, small circle, medium circle) and so on, chisels (two points, three points, five points, eight points, one inch, two inch, half inch... and the other is also Yuan chisel,
9. Scrapers, woodworking tools also have a set of flat shovels: 8 points, 4 points, and 2 points. Mainly used for milling Dovetail !
10. Ruler: There are square rulers, 90 degrees, round rulers, and straight rulers. We call movable rulers, (If you do things with oblique ink, you need to use it to draw ink, such as orange feet on the board, the last long ruler, which was five feet in the past, but later it was used to use three feet, so it was not easy to break, so later it was used to draw tape.) The line drawing has a curve ruler (at a right angle of 90 degrees), and the movable ruler~ can be broken into: various angles! For moving rulers~ for engraving lines, double knife rulers~ for tying lines (factory model workers There are ) . The rice ruler is flattened with wooden strips or bamboo strips that are not easy to deform, and then carve the size. It is usually three feet long and five feet long, so it is called three feet or five feet. Later, I use folding ruler , and then tape measure or stainless steel plate ruler.
11. Pliers, when the side of the plate board is on the side, in order to make the plates tightly arranged between the plates, no water leakage, no air leakage, no light leakage, but also the iron parts that clamp the wooden board. Commonly known as "shrimp whiskers", the plane of the plate board is a small iron piece used to hold the head of the board to stabilize it. Although the objects are small, they are indispensable.
12. Manual drill is called pulling drill. That is called gyro drill. Drill: There are many types of drill bits in different sizes. There are rocking diamonds, twist diamonds, , hand drills, etc.
13. Oil rub, oil rub is mainly used to wipe the planes. It is to rub lubricating oil on the bottom of the planes to reduce the friction between the planes and wood. Here, I would like to pay tribute to the old carpenters who have contributed to mankind.
14. Have you seen this kind of woodworking tool? What's the name?
also has the indispensable "glue" for woodworking. The carpenter told people: You can do nails when doing work, but you must never use glue. In addition to sticking to wood, glue is more about the expansion and contraction of wood. If the glue is used well, the furniture will not be durable regardless of sunshine or rain. Fish fat glue, large lacquer glue, tung oil quicklime glue, glutinous rice fat, cowhide glue, the history of these glues can be traced to thousands of years of history, not to mention in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, I still kept a Qing Dynasty polished lacquer painted gold-painted Eight Immortals Table at home, which uses the technology of bonding lacquer and old cotton velvet.
carpenter industry, apprenticeship only, if you want to be a master, you need 10 years to teach it, and you must teach it. If the master doesn't teach you, you won't learn it for ten years. Nowadays, carpenters are called carpenters, and their materials are all made of square wood. In the past, carpenters had to put trees themselves and process the logs into the desired boards as needed, and then process them into the various wooden pieces they want. Therefore, the carpenter's tool is a chisel and axe saw. In the north, the carpenter master took his apprentice and became an apprentice for three years. The master wanted to give a set of woodworking furniture to his apprentice, which was considered an apprentice.
