In 2005, Wang Jingwei's son Wang Wenti returned to the mainland and came to the Meihua Mountain Cemetery in Nanjing where Wang Jingwei used to visit the tomb.
However, that cemetery was no longer there.
59 years ago, in January 1946, under pressure from the public, Chiang Kai-shek sent He Yingqin to blow up the luxurious tomb of Wang Jingwei, which was said to cost 50 million yuan, pulled out the body that had not yet been corrupted from the coffin, took it to Qingliang Mountain for cremation, and scattered the ashes into the ditch.
After destroying Wang Jingwei's grave, the masses built a pavilion on the original cemetery, leaving behind a stone statue of Wang Jingwei and his wife Chen Bijun (Wang Wenti's biological mother).
I believe Wang Wenti knew about his father’s fate very early, but he still came to Meihua Mountain to visit the tomb.
When I saw the fate of my father Wang Jingwei and the kneeling stone statues that people erected for my father and mother, 77-year-old Wang Wenti couldn't help but burst into tears, said 9 words with tears, and then turned around and left.
Why do people hate Wang Jingwei so much that they let him "break into pieces and die without a place to bury him" after his death?
In fact, if you don’t seek refuge with the Japanese, people will definitely think that Wang Jingwei was once a man, and no matter how unbearable he would leave a name for loyalty and righteousness, he would not be despised by the people of the whole country.
1. Reject the invitation from the Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi
In July 1905, Wang Jingwei met Sun Yat-sen in Japan, and soon joined Tongmenghui and participated in the drafting of the Tongmenghui charter. After
, Wang Jingwei embarked on the road of anti-Qing and gradually became Sun Yat-sen's right-hand man.
Wang Jingwei has two specialties: one is the "penny" and the other is the "mouth". Before the strength of "mouth" was fully demonstrated, he first defeated a group of counter-revolutionaries with his "pen".
In the second month after joining the Tongmenghui, Wang Jingwei was elected as the speaker of the Tongmenghui Review Department. His real name was " Wang Zhaoming ". After serving as the speaker, he began to use "Jingwei" as the pseudonym to promote Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary thoughts. This is the name of "Wang Jingwei".
In " Minbao ", Wang Jingwei successively published a series of articles promoting revolution, such as "National People" and "On the Trends of Revolution". Later, he "strife" with the royalists such as Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao . He also published articles such as "Refuting the Revolution Can Call to Partition" refuted the fallacy of the royalists, which was deeply appreciated by Sun Yat-sen.
It is said that because Wang Jingwei's "offensive" was too fierce, the royal party could not resist it, forcing Liang Qichao to plan to "see Wang Jingwei privately, and want to move him with a distinction", in order to calm the debate between the revolutionary party and the royal party.
This shows how strong Wang Jingwei's writing style is.
In June 1906, Wang Jingwei graduated from Japan's Law and Political University. Governor-General of Guangdong and Guangxi Cen Chunxuan threw an olive branch to him, hoping that he could return to China to serve the court, but was flatly rejected.
Wang Jingwei chose to "go exile everywhere" with Sun Yat-sen, and at the same time formed a revolutionary organization and promoted revolutionary ideas.
But they promote anti-Chief thoughts and remarks everywhere, how could the court let them go? The Qing government quickly put pressure on the Japanese government to suppress them. Under pressure, the Japanese government issued an expulsion order on them.
In early 1907, Wang Jingwei and Sun Yat-sen came to Nanyang (a general term for Southeast Asia during the Ming and Qing dynasties) to prepare to establish the Tongmenghui branch and continue to carry out the revolution.
In Nanyang, Sun Yat-sen asked Wang Jingwei to be one of the chief editors of the Nanyang Revolutionary Party's party newspaper "Zhongxing Daily", and asked him to continue to debate with the royalist party. During this period, Wang's speech talent gradually showed up and met a woman who affected his fate.
In March 1908, Wang Jingwei came to Penang, Malaysia to promote the revolution and attract sponsorship. After wandering around, Wang received a large number of supporters and revolutionary fundraising, but also gained love - favored by Chen Bijun, the daughter of the overseas Chinese wealthy Chen Gengji.
Wang Jingwei's speech ability is extraordinary. When Hu Hanmin recalled the scene of Wang's speech in Singapore , he said, "The listener lets him escape. I have not seen anyone who speaks too much as Jingwei for the rest of twenty years." He also said, "It is said that the awakening of overseas Chinese in the South China Sea is actually due to the power of Wang Jun, and it is not a false alarm."
Some researchers said: Whenever he gives a speech, the whole audience is full; the moment he stepped onto the podium, "the whole hall is silent"; whenever he talks about exciting and enthusiastic places, "applause rises like thunder."
It can be seen that if Hu Hanmin does not have flattery, false and exaggerated comments, then Wang Jingwei's speaking ability is quite scary.
It is precisely because of this speaking ability, coupled with some handsomeness (that is considered one of the "Four Beautiful Men" of the Republic of China ), Wang Jingwei successfully captured Chen Bijun's heart.
Wang Jingwei met Chen Bijun and didn't know what to say. Some people say that Chen Bijun influenced Wang Jingwei's will, making him become a traitor and fall into the abyss; others say that it was with the help of Chen Bijun that Wang Jingwei once became the supreme leader of National Government and reached the peak of his life.
From what happened later, we can only say that Wang Both lucky and unfortunate.
2. Assassination of the Regent
In the winter of 1909, an assassination group composed of Fang Junying , Wang Jingwei and Chen Bijun began to launch an assassination activity.
They came to Beijing and prepared to assassinate the Regent Zaifeng . The location was chosen under the Shichahai Ganshui Bridge where Zaifeng entered and left the court.
However, just when they arranged the explosives After accidentally being discovered by someone else and reported to the government, the assassination failed.
This time, Chen Bijun finally lets Chen Jingjun take down Wang Jingwei.
During Wang Jingwei's imprisonment, Chen Bijun tried his best to rescue him. Not only did he spend a lot of money, he also threatened to die with him.
In prison, Wang Jingwei was extremely desperate at the beginning and was ready to face death, leaving an inspiring poem: "Turn the knife into a piece, and live up to the young man! "
Perhaps it was out of love for talent, perhaps it was because of the money given by Chen Bijun had already been paid, or perhaps it was to dismantle the revolutionary party from within, the Qing court broke out and did not kill Wang Jingwei. Prince Su Shanqi personally came to do Wang Jingwei's ideological work.
Because of this, Wang Jingwei was grateful and said more than once, "Prince Su saved me."
In October 1911, Wuchang Uprising broke out, the Qing Dynasty rule collapsed quickly, and Wang Jingwei was released later.
This time he was reborn, Wang Jingwei did not die, and found his true heart in suffering The woman who shares troubles with him has also changed drastically, and her inferiority and cowardly and indecisive personality continues to show.
In general, he is no longer so radical and always chooses to compromise. These compromises are very fatal.
Looking at Wang Jingwei's life, he made three major compromises in total, which are also three major turning points in his life. His first major compromise was to strongly advise Sun Yat-sen to give up power and give the results of the revolution to Yuan Shikai .
3. The failure to fight for power with Chiang Kai-shek
I thought he had overthrown corruption The country can become stronger in the dead Qing Dynasty. Unexpectedly, without the Qing Dynasty, all kinds of forces in China were undercurrents, the warlord era came, the country was always in the crisis of internal division or inciting and split by foreign forces, and the people's lives were even more miserable.
Under such circumstances, Wang Jingwei was actually transcendent from politics and busy dealing with his own family affairs.
On January 1, 1912, Sun Yat-sen took office as the interim president of the Republic of China, marking the arrival of a new era. However, the incompleteness of the 1911 Revolution destined that Sun Yat-sen would not sit on the throne of the president.
In northern China, warlords such as Yuan Shikai were ready to move and wanted to seize the throne of president; in the revolutionary party, many people also swayed around the matter of letting Sun Yat-sen become president, and Wang Jingwei was one of them, and he did not fully support Sun Yat-sen.
Under the operation of Yuan Shikai and others, Wang Jingwei made a compromise, which became an advisory for Sun Yat-sen to give way, which brought a deep disaster to China.
In this special period, Wang Jingwei married Chen Bijun, who was kind to him. In August, the couple and Fang Junying and others left Sun Yat-sen, stayed away from China's political struggle and came to France to study.
In France, Chen Bijun gave birth to Wang Jingwei.
1914, Sun Yat-sen learned from his mistakes and established the "Chinese Revolutionary Party", the predecessor of the Kuomintang. He soon summoned Wang Jingwei back and asked Wang to continue to assist him in launching the revolutionary movement.
10 years passed in a flash. With the help of The Communist Party of China , the Kuomintang, developed from the "Revolutionary Party of China", successfully held the "First National Congress" in 1924. Wang Jingwei was elected as the Executive Committee of the Central Committee and Minister of the Propaganda Department, with a very prominent position.
On March 12, 1925, Sun Yat-sen passed away in Beijing. Before his death, he left behind important documents such as "State Will" and "Family Will". As the drafter and "believers" of the "Prime Minister's Will", Wang Jingwei became what many people think of as Sun Yat-sen's "successor".
htmlOn June 26, Wang Jingwei presided over the Kuomintang Central Political Meeting and decided to establish the National Government. On July 1, the National Government was established. Wang Chenggong seized the military and political power and served as chairman of the Military Commission, chairman of the Government Standing Committee, and minister of the Propaganda Department, and came to the highest moment of his life.However, his lifelong enemy, Chiang Kai-shek, was secretly accumulating strength, and a political struggle drama of "if you give birth to Yu, why give birth to Liang" was about to begin.
Although Wang Jingwei was a veteran of the Kuomintang, Chiang Kai-shek, who had participated in the revolution halfway through, was not convinced. He held military power in his hands and always looked at the supreme power.
When Wang Jingwei was the most glorious, Chiang Kai-shek was not strong enough to dare to seize power rashly, so he tried his best to form brothers with Wang.
Jiang's every move, the high-ranking and powerful Wang didn't care much about it, but Chen Bijun was very alert and always rejected Jiang. When she heard that Jiang wanted to become brothers with Wang, she said mercilessly: "If you think of him as a brother, I don't want to be his sister-in-law!"
His disgust was beyond words. Jiang must have felt it at that time, but what else could he not tolerate for the sake of power?
1926, Chiang Kai-shek took an important step, from the principal of the Whampoa Military Academy to the commander-in-chief of the National Revolutionary Army, holding the gun of the Kuomintang.
Jiang's step was obviously taken very much. Wang realized the crisis, so he began to win over the old Kuomintang members and some senior generals with the intention of undermining Chiang.
However, how could Jiang let go so easily? He also fought back, squeezed out the "pro-Wang" elements one by one, and arranged his own personnel in key positions to achieve the goal of seizing power. Therefore, the conflict between Wang and Jiang has entered semi-publicization.
At this time, Wang Jingwei's reputation in the Kuomintang and the country had reached an unshakable level. If he were more courageous, he would definitely be able to suppress Jiang. But what was unexpected was that he actually compromised with Jiang and said to Jiang: "You have the final say in the military."
Wang's mysterious operation was shocking. Many Kuomintang veterans and military generals who originally supported him began to question his ability and leadership, and some turned directly to Jiang and no longer supported him.
Jiang took control of Wang's compromise and weakness, and decisively launched the " Zhongshan Ship Incident " late at night on March 20, 1926, surrounded the Soviet consulate in the name of "protection", and also placed Wang under house arrest.
Faced with Chiang's threat, Wang gave in, put down all the power in his hand, and took the whole family to France to "retreat". From this moment on, his life ushered in a new turning point: he was always beaten by Chiang Kai-shek.
4. Joining Chiang Kai-shek with
It has not been a year since France. In early 1927, Wang Jingwei, who was unwilling to accept it, returned to Chinese politics under the banner of Sun Yat-sen's will.
This time, he not only United Nations veterans of the Kuomintang and some anti-Chiang military generals, but also visited Stalin and tried to unite with the Communist Party of China, hoping to defeat Chiang Kai-shek in this way.
Soon after, Wang and wait for the opportunity came.
In April 1927, Chiang Kai-shek established a new National Government in Nanjing, launched the "April 12" counter-revolutionary coup, and began to hunt and kill Communist Party members on a large scale, standing opposite to the people.
At the same time, Jiang's battle against Sun Chuanfang also failed one after another, and public opinion and situation were very bad for him.
Taking this opportunity, Wang decisively joined forces with Li Zongren and Bai Chongxi and others to force Chiang Kai-shek to step down.
However, after briefly winning the power struggle, Wang revealed his original appearance and brazenly launched the "July 15th" counter-revolutionary coup in Wuhan, joining Chiang Kai-shek, which directly led to the complete failure of the first cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.
Wang thought that as long as he was anti-communist, he could regain the highest military and political power. Unexpectedly, shortly after the "Ninghan merger", the right-wing Kuomintang used the ineffective "anti-communist" as an excuse to block his plan to seize power and let Chiang Kai-shek, who had just married Soong Mei-ling, regain power.
In this way, Wang was considered to have "taken a chicken but lost a piece of rice", and in the end he got nothing.
It can be said that launching the "July 15" counter-revolutionary coup was the second major compromise in Wang Jingwei's life. He took the initiative to show kindness to Chiang Kai-shek and the right-wingers of the Kuomintang, but completely stifled the trust of the Communist Party and failed the expectations of the people, and his reputation was no longer the same.
Therefore, he is no longer a competitor of Chiang Kai-shek at the same level.
1931, after controlling the military and political power of the National Government, Chiang Kai-shek began to extend his hand to the party power.
In order to seize the party's power, Chiang unceremoniously put Hu Hanmin, the top leader of the Kuomintang, under house arrest. However, Chiang was stuck in the hornet's nest this time, and the Kuomintang veterans strongly protested against Chiang's actions. Soon, the provisional National Government was established in Guangzhou and organized the army to prepare to attack Chiang.
At this time, the "September 18th" Incident broke out, Japan began to invade China, Chiang Kai-shek fell into internal and external difficulties, and his policy of "rest the country first for resisting foreign countries" was strongly protested by the people. In desperation, he had to retreat to advance and step down for the second time.
Jiang went on this, Wang thought the opportunity had come, so he immediately ran to Nanjing to prepare to seize power. But at this time, Chiang Kai-shek was no longer the same as before. He had installed his own people in the government and the troops, and Wang had no idea how to start.
Shortly after he stepped down, Jiang was "helpless" to restore power in a crowd of surroundings.
Seeing that Chiang Kai-shek had covered the sky with his hands and there was no possibility of turning over, Wang made a compromise and was willing to surrender to the position of the "second-in-chief" of the Kuomintang, allowing Chiang Kai-shek to call around.
Some people say that Wang Jingwei's failure in power struggle has led him to a path of traitor against the people and the nation. This statement is inevitable to generalize, but it is not wrong.
Faced with the ambitious Japanese invaders, Wang Jingwei chose to compromise and was one of the main advocates of the peace faction.
In order to show his love for "peace", he shamelessly brought out Li Hongzhang and Chamberlain. When Long Yun, one of the leaders of the DRC, wrote a letter to the senior general of the Yunnan Army, he said: Wang Jingwei "resolutely advocates peace talks" and "will follow Li Hongzhang of the past and Chamberlain of today."
If Sun Yat-sen knew that Wang Jingwei was such a person, he would definitely not have asked him to write his will.
Under Wang's leadership and planning, Chiang Kai-shek, who had initially had fantasies about the international and Japanese, also opposed the resistance to Japan, actively sought peace, and signed the humiliating He Mei Agreement, the Qin-Tu Agreement, etc. with the invaders, and handed over a large area of territory in North China.
Their treason behavior has aroused the dissatisfaction of patriots. Among them, Wang Yaqiao, the "No. 1 Killer in the Republic of China", couldn't help but prepare to send them a surprise.
1935 On November 1, 1935, representatives participating in the Sixth Plenary Session of the Fourth Central Committee of the Kuomintang walked out of the conference room and prepared to take a group photo. At this moment, three gunshots suddenly sounded in the crowd of reporters, and Wang Jingwei, who came to participate in the group photo, fell in a pool of blood, and the scene was in chaos.
Wang Jingwei was extremely frightened and fell into Chen Bijun's arms, constantly saying, "I'm going to die, I'm going to die!"
Chen Bijun roared, "Can you be a little bit hard!"
Jiang Jieshi was lucky to avoid the gun because he came late. When he arrived, he happened to see Wang Jingwei lying in a pool of blood. He seemed to be excited, and seemed to be acting, and said lukewarmly: "You don't let Mr. Wang do it, he just doesn't do it, why bother to do it?"
"The speaker is unintentional, the listener is intentional!" From Chiang Kai-shek's words, Wang Jingwei heard a different taste, and really felt that he was no longer so important, and even began to despair.
5. After the assassination incident of defecting to Japan and becoming the "number one traitor"
, Wang Jingwei's temperament changed drastically and he became more and more timid. At this time, he no longer had the ability to compete with Chiang Kai-shek, and he was a little unwilling to retreat. It was neither right to advance nor retreat.
Some people who participated in the Kuomintang’s power struggle seemed to be abolished and no longer valuable. However, the Japanese saw something different: one is that Wang regarded Chiang as his old enemy; the other is that Wang had no attitude towards Japan. Combining the two, Wang can become a puppet that Japan controls China.
In order to pull Wang into this shameless plan, Japan began to operate and actively breathed in Wang and Chen Bijun's ears.
As expected, Wang Jingwei and his wife took the bait.
It is said that under the instigation of Chen Bijun, Wang Jingwei finally let go and decided to "cooperate with the Japanese" and embark on the road of traitor.
In 1938, the couple slipped away from Chongqing and secretly ran to Hanoi, Vietnam, and then openly published "Yanyin" to express their willingness to vote for Japan.
This is the third major compromise in Wang Jingwei's life and the last compromise. He has no chance of turning around again.
At the end of May 1939, Wang Jingwei came to the already-deceased Shanghai and "conflict" with Itagaki Seishiro . Soon, under the control of the Japanese, the pseudo-government was established, and Wang officially became the number one traitor of the Republic of China.
It is really a pity that a passionate young man who dares to assassinate the Regent and Sun Yat-sen believers eventually became a traitor that everyone despises.
1944 On November 10, 1944, Wang Jingwei relapsed due to a gunshot wound in the assassination and died in Japan. After being specially treated by the Japanese, he was transported to Meihua Mountain in Nanjing for burial, but failed to witness Japan's failure.
Only a year later, Japan announced its surrender, and Wang Jingwei's wife and descendants began to be liquidated.
Chen Bijun once tried to show his diligence to Chiang Kai-shek to reduce his sins. Chiang Kai-shek took advantage of the situation and lured her to Chongqing and arrested her. Her and Wang Jingwei's children were also not spared and were arrested one after another.
Soon after, Chen Bijun was sentenced to life imprisonment and still lived in prison after liberation. He died in a hospital in Shanghai on May 2, 1959.
Chen Bijun and Wang Jingwei gave birth to a total of 6 children. Chen Bijun was sentenced, and their children were sentenced one after another, but the sentence was relatively light and they all went abroad later.
In 2005, Wang Jingwei's youngest son, Wang Wenti, returned to China to visit relatives and visit graves.
He went to Wang Jingwei's Meihua Mountain Cemetery shortly after he arrived in Nanjing, but he did not see Wang Jingwei's cemetery, but just a pavilion and two stone statues kneeling on the ground. These two stone statues are from Wang Jingwei and Chen Bijun.
It turned out that after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War , Chiang Kai-shek was under pressure from the people and asked He Yingqin to blow up Wang Jingwei's grave in January 1946, dragged his body out and burned it, and threw the ashes into the ditch, leaving no bones left.
In addition, the people were still unhappy and raised stone statues of Wang and Chen Bijun on the original cemetery of Wang.
Seeing this fate of his father, Wang Wenti was silent for a long time, leaving 9 words lightly, saying: "If you do something wrong, you should be punished. "
Then, he left without looking back.
Conclusion:
is really sad. If Wang Jingwei did not surrender to the Japanese, he would definitely be considered a man and left a loyal name.
Thinking back then, he followed Sun Yat-sen to participate in the revolution, and with his passion, he led people to assassinate the Regent. After failing to be arrested, he remained calm and prepared to go to the public. He blurted out his words, "Turn the knife into a piece, live up to the young man", which moved and inspired countless people.
Later, he failed the people and ended up as he deserved.
Wang Wenti’s position on his result is quite clear - If you do something wrong, you should be punished.
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