At first, Dayu's father Gun used the method of blocking the flood. It worked at the beginning, but later it became less and less effective, which eventually led to the failure of flood control.

1· Dayu controls floods

The formation of Xia Dynasty starts with "Dayu controls floods".

Dayu is a descendant of Huangdi . During the Yao and Shun periods, Yellow River was flooded with disasters. Gun and Yu were ordered by Emperor Yao and Shun to serve as Chongbo and Xia Bo, and were responsible for controlling the water.

At first, Dayu's father Gun used the method of blocking the flood. It worked at the beginning, but later it became less and less effective, which eventually led to the failure of flood control.

Later, Dayu learned from his father Gun's failure to control the flood, changed the method of "blocking" and guided the flood. Even "passed the house three times without entering" . It took 13 years to finally manage the flood successfully.

Therefore, Dayu gained great reputation. Later, Shun abdicated the throne to Dayu, and he called the leader of the tribe.

As the leader of the Xiahou family, he inherited the throne, and after inheriting the throne, he regarded Yangcheng as the capital. In other words, Pingyang was regarded as the capital (either in Anyi or in Jinyang ), and the country name was Xia. He was conferred on Danzhu (Yao's son) in Tang Kingdom , and conferred on Shangjun (Son of Shun) in Yu Kingdom .

2·Tushan Meeting

0 After the establishment of Xia, Dayu convened a meeting of princes in Tushan as early as possible to review his faults. This Tushan meeting is generally considered a landmark event in the establishment of the Xia Dynasty in China. On the day of the official conference, Dayu wore a chariot and held Xuangui in his hand. The princes from all directions were arranged in two directions according to the direction of his territory, and bowed to Dayu as a tribute. Dayu also bowed to the stage and answered the tribute.

"Zuo Zhuan·Seventh Year of Ai Gong" once recorded: Yu joined the princes in Tushan, and those who held jade and silk all countries.

After the Tushan Conference, in order to express respect, the princes of all parties often came to Yangcheng to pay gold (i.e. bronze). Later, the copper tribute in Jiuzhou increased year by year. Dayu remembered that the Huangdi Xuanyuan family had successfully cast a tripod. In order to commemorate the Tushan Conference, he prepared to cast the gold donated by the princes of all parties into nine large tripods.

Jiuding (i.e. Jizhou tripod, Yanzhou tripod, Qingzhou tripod, Xuzhou tripod, Yangzhou tripod, Jingzhou tripod, Yuzhou tripod, Liangzhou tripod, Yongzhou tripod ) are cast on the tripod, and famous mountains, rivers, birds and strange animals in each state are cast. The Nine Tripods symbolize the Jiuzhou, among which Yuzhou Tripod is the central major tripod, and Yuzhou is the central hub .

Nine tripods gathered in Yangcheng, the capital of the Xia Dynasty, to show that King Xia Dayu became the lord of the Jiuzhou and the world was unified from then on. The Nine Tripods then became the place where "Destiny" is a symbol of supreme royal power and national unity and prosperity.

Dayu

3·The change of royal power

0 Dayu abdicated, and passed the throne to Boyi.

However, at this time, the Xia Hou tribe was extremely powerful, and Dayu's son Xia Qi was unanimously supported by everyone.

Some people say that after Bo Yi inherited the throne, he took the initiative to give up the throne to Xia Qi;

Some people say that after Yu died, Yi held a funeral for Yu, and was mourning for three years. After the funeral of three years, Yi did not get the position of power, but Qi obtained the position of power under the support of the people;

Some people also said that because of the powerful Xia Hou family, Xia Qi forced Bo Yi to give up the throne to him.

In short, there are many different opinions.

Finally, Dayu's son, Xia Qi inherited the throne .

This history is regarded as the beginning of "family world" in Chinese history .

Starting from Xia Qi, the eleven tribes of the Si surname in Xia had a patriarchal relationship with the central royal family of the Hou family in Xia in terms of blood, a feudal relationship in politics, and a tribute relationship in economy, which roughly constituted the core territory of the Xia Dynasty. The prototype of a "country" has gradually formed.

公·"The prototype of the country" Xia Dynasty

Xia Qi inherited the throne and conquered all directions, and finally formed the prototype of a "country". The first hereditary dynasty in Chinese history was truly established.

abdication system was replaced by hereditary system . This marks that the long primitive society was replaced by the private ownership society. From the perspective of social development, this is a historical progress.

The Xia clan's original surname was Si, but since Qi started to use the national name "Xia" as its surname. At the same time, Qi no longer uses the title of Bo and uses it instead, which is " Xiahou Qi ".

Qi Neng sings and dances, and often holds feasts. The biggest one was in Juntai , which is the enjoyment of Juntai, and also performing singing and dancing in "The Wild of Heaven". "The Classic of Mountains and Seas·Overseas Western Classic" records that Qi was dancing "held Yi with his left hand, and wore a jade pendant.

even some documents and legends that Qi once went to heaven to seek music and dance. The ancient Chinese music and dance documents "Nine Debate", "Nine Songs" and "Nine Tricks" both call Qi its original author.

Sima Qian records that "Xia" is the name of a tribe of the surname Xiahou family, Youhu family, Younan family, Zhenxian family, Tongcheng family, Bao family, Fei family, Qi family, Shu family, Xin family, Ming family, and Zhenguan family. It was headed by "Xia Hou". Therefore, after establishing Xia Dynasty , the tribe was named the country name.

Xia Dynasty was the name of a tribe.

Xia Dynasty was It was established on the ruins of the primitive social system.

It was the first slave dynasty in my country.

Xia Qi was the supreme ruler of the Xia Dynasty, and it gathered military and political power. The troops, officials and prisons under it were the pillars of maintaining the state's power.

Xia Qi

Wu Taikang lost the country

During Xia Qi's rule, his son Wuguan often made trouble. "Han Feizi·Shuoyi" says that he "harm the country and hurt the people and defeated the law" and was eventually killed.

Xia Qi later passed away, and his other son Taikang Succession.

This is another sign of the continuation of the hereditary system.

Unfortunately, Taikang was a "playboy". After he inherited the throne, he did not think about how to govern the country or make the country prosperous, but he only knew how to play, was addicted to alcohol and sex, completely ignored the government, resulting in a weakening of national strength.

Dongyi Youqiong tribe took the opportunity to advance westward. Dongyi tribe Youqiong leader Yi (i.e. Houyi) . Yi led his army from Dongyi territorial land to Qiushi, the territorial land of Xiahou, and intermarried with the local Xia people, forming the Youqiong clan. Yi won Xiazheng under the support of Xia people.

Then Taikang joined the Zhenxie clan of Zhenxie.

Then Taikang joined the Zhenxie clan of Zhenxie. l5

Of course, there is another saying that Yi is a sharp shooter. Taikang was shot to death by Yi with an arrow and did not escape.

Yi did not become king after seizing the throne, but instead made Taikang's younger brother Zhongkang the king. But in fact, all state affairs were governed by Yi. After Zhongkang's death, his sons followed the throne one after another. He then defected to Zhenxie and Zhen, who were the same surname as Xia, Guan Er clan. From then on, Yi inherited the throne alone. Yi liked shooting and hunting, but was not good at governing. After gaining power, he liked hunting and abandoned state affairs like Taikang. He abandoned loyal ministers such as Wuluo, Boqin, and Longhu, and reused the unfilial sons who were expelled by the Boming clan. When Han Feng was young, he was expelled by the Boming clan monarch for spreading rumors and confusing the public. Later, he was adopted by Yi, the leader of the Youqiong clan, and became a member of the Youqiong clan and was valued. Hanxian's power became increasingly powerful. Later, he took advantage of the opportunity of Yi hunting outside and killed Yi and his family, dominated his power, took his wife, and gave birth to two sons. Hanxian gave Ge to his son Feng and gave Zhuo Feng to his other son Yu. Jiao was ordered by his father to lead his troops to destroy the Yinguan family and the Yinxi family who were close to Xia, and killed the emperor who was hiding in the Yinxi family. The prime minister's wife, Feng, was pregnant with the prime minister's son at that time. She escaped from the hole in the wall to take refuge in the house of the Youyu family, and soon gave birth to a posthumous son, Shaokang .

Lu Shaokang ZTE

Shaokang is the grandson of Zhongkang.

Shaokang grew up in the Youyu family, and the leader of the Youyu family married his daughter to Shaokang. He slowly accumulates power in the secret and develops his power.

At this time, the remaining Xia minister who was hiding in the Youge clan learned that Shaokang was preparing to regain power, and personally led the remaining people of the Jinguan and the Zhenxie clan to meet with Shaokang and jointly defeated Hanxian. Shaokang was reinstated as the queen of Xia.

Then Shaokang missed the country and sent his son Zhumio to Ge. At this point, the Youqiong clan of the Dongyi tribe, which controlled the three generations and four descendants of the Central Plains for nearly a hundred years, was destroyed.

From Xia Qi's death to Shaokang's resurgence, it has experienced nearly forty years of turmoil.

After Shaokang's death, his son Zizhu succeeded to the throne.

After Zizhu passed away, his son Zihuai succeeded to the throne.When Zhu's son Zihuai was reigned, the Dongyi people and the Huaxia people began to live in peace. Among them, the nine tribes (i.e., Jiuyi, Huangyi, Baiyi, Chiyi, Xuanyi, Fengyi and Yangyi live in the Huaihe and Sishui basins usually pay tribute to the Xiahou.

After Huai died, his son Mang succeeded to the throne.

After the death of the sect, his son succeeded to the throne. During this period, the Dongyi tribe and the Huaxia tribe gradually assimilated.

After his death, his son did not surrender to the throne. After

died, his brother was asked to inherit the position of the next throne.

will die, and his son succeeds to the throne.

Xiao died of illness shortly after he ascended the throne, and his cousin's son, Kong Jia, succeeded to the throne.

Shaokang ZTE

7·Xia Jie's fall of the country

Kong Jia ascended the throne, he changed the tradition of worshiping ancestors in the Xia rituals and began to focus on obedience to the Emperor of Heaven. " Records of the Grand Historian: Xia Benji " records that Kong Jia "has good ghosts and gods, and is promiscuous."

Kong Jia died and his son Gao succeeded to the throne.

Gao died, and his son succeeded to the throne. After

was sent to death, his son lugui ( Xia Jie ) succeeded to the throne.

Jie and his martial arts are good, "fighting against jackals and wolves with their hands, and chasing four horses with their feet." During Jie's reign, the relationship between the Xia Shi and the tribe of the Fangguo had broken down. The tribes that gave Xia Shanggong were constantly decreasing. Therefore, Jie often conquered those unsuitable tribes.

Since the ancient word "Se" is a knife, and Xia Jie is no exception.

After defeating a certain tribe, he will select his beloved woman from that tribe and bring him back to the palace as his concubine.

The famous politician and thinker in history, Yi Yin , was forced to Shangtang by him.

It is said that Mo Xi's concubine, Jingxi, had already made a good relationship with Yi Yin, but Jie took her away in Luo, so Yi Yin ran to Shang Tang in anger.

Xia Jie was only concerned about his own enjoyment and regardless of the suffering of the people. Around 1600 BC, Tang, the leader of the Shang tribe, led the Fangguo tribe to attack Jie.

After destroying the pro-Xia tribes Wei, Gu, Kun and Wu, he started a war with Jie in a hurry. Tang was powerful, and Jie could not resist it. He fled and fought while fighting, and was eventually defeated by the former Youzu family site.

At this point, the Xia Dynasty perished.

xia Jie

The first hereditary regime in Chinese history, the Xia Dynasty was also the first country in Chinese history. It has been said to have 13 generations and 17 kings, which lasted 472 years and perished in 1600 BC.

The Xia Dynasty started with Dayu and finally Xia Jie.

However, so far, no relics directly related to Dayu have been found, whether it is Erlitou , Xinba Ruins , or Wangchenggang Ruins, but Dayu, the source of Xia culture, has never disappeared.

The Xia Dynasty set a precedent for China's 4,000-year history of hereditary system, and the formation of the country began from then on!