Li Lisan and his former Soviet wife Li Sha

In 1960, Soviet experts withdrew from China, further breaking down Sino-Soviet relations. Under such circumstances, Li Lisan received a notice that the central government sent someone to talk to him, and all this was because his fourth wife was from the Soviet Union.

After this conversation, Li Lisan sent a letter to the Central Committee, hoping that the Central Committee would allow him to continue to be with his wife. In order to maintain his marriage relationship with his wife, he also made a report on the personal situation of him and his wife at the 10th Plenary Session of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held in September 1962. However, for the future development of Li Lisan, the central government advised him that it is best to have a relationship with Li Lisan. Wife divorced.

Li Lisan wrote to the Central Committee four times since then, expressing his desire to maintain the marriage.

In the context of very tense relations between the Soviet Union and my country, why did Li Lisan insist on not divorcing this Soviet woman, regardless of other people's strange vision and his own development in China?

When the central government sent people to persuade Li Lisan to divorce his wife, he and the woman had been married for 24 years. During this time, Li Lisan and his wife shared many unforgettable memories.

Li Lisan was born in Liling, Hunan. In 1915, 16-year-old Li Lisan went to study in Changsha. When he was studying at Guangyi Middle School, he met Luo Aujie, a classmate from Liuyang . Li Lisan and Luo Aujie soon became good friends.

Soon after, Mao Zedong, who was still a student, posted his friend seeking notice on a wall in Changsha under the pseudonym "Twenty-Eight Painting Students".I hope that young students who are willing to contribute to the country will see this announcement and come to meet them.

Luo Aojie first responded to this announcement and made friends after meeting Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong heard Luo Aujie say that he still has a good friend, so he asked Luo Aojie to introduce this friend to himself. And this person is Li Lisan.

Luo Aojie went back and told Li Lisan about it. He agreed to meet Mao Zedong and made an appointment with Mao Zedong through Luo Aojie.

On a Sunday morning, Li Lisan went to Dingwangtai Provincial Library to meet Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong was sitting on a stool with a newspaper and reading it. Li Lisan walked over and introduced himself to Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong stood up and shook hands with him.

After that, Mao Zedong talked about his views on the current situation and the direction of youth development. Mao Zedong, who was 6 years older than Li Lisan, spoke with a serious face, while Li Lisan, who was on the side, saw that in front of him was a big gentleman with ideas and aspirations. Looking back at myself, I just came out of the county town to study, and I don't know much about national affairs, so I seem a little ignorant in comparison.

So, Li Lisan listened to Mao Zedong's words quietly, without saying a word. The two then went back to school separately.

After this incident, Mao Zedong also said that because of a friend notice, he gained three and a half friends. Other friends would discuss issues with him when they met, and Li Lisan was the only one who didn't comment. So he was that "half friend".

In 1919, Li Lisan went to study in France and returned to China two years later. During this period of time in France, Li Lisan was influenced by progressive ideas and strengthened his determination to join the party organization.In the same year, he honorably joined the party.

Soon after, Li Lisan met Mao Zedong again in the party organization. At that time Mao Zedong was already the director of the Hunan branch of the secretary department of the Chinese labor union. He was then sent by the branch to Anyuan to carry out the labor movement.

In 1922, Li Lisan was appointed secretary of the Anyuan Party branch. In September of the same year, he also witnessed Mao Zedong's speech at the Liling Teachers Training Institute.

In 1923, Li Lisan was the secretary of the Wuhan District Committee of the Communist Party of China, and led the workers to resist the exploitation of the Japanese invaders. He organized three workers' uprisings successively, and also held up to 300,000 anti-British and anti-Feng-clan warlord demonstrations in Wuhan. And in 1927 initiated and led the Wuchang Uprising .

In 1930, under the influence of Comintern "Left" wrong theory, Li Lisan launched a very risky uprising movement, which caused serious damage to the revolutionary cause of the party organization . Li Lisan seriously reflected on his mistakes and corrected them immediately after the Third Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. He was later appointed as a member of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee.

At the end of the same year, Li Lisan accepted the order of the Comintern because of the mistakes he made before, and went to Moscow to conduct a review under the pseudonym Li Ming . What he didn't expect was that a woman who would accompany him for the rest of his life was about to appear.

Li Lisan and Elizabeth Pavlovna Kishkina met in 1933.

On that day, Kishkina, a Russian girl working in the Chinese department of the International Workers Publishing House, went to a friend's house for an appointment. When Kishkina entered the door, she saw Li Lisan, a Chinese man sitting on the sofa. At the age of 19, she was attracted by the foreign man in front of her, and she stared at it for several minutes. Later, when Kishkina recalled their first meeting, she said:

"I thought he was a guy in his 20s!"

Meet this party.

And they chatted for a long time at the party, until night fell, the two were reluctant to part. Soon after, Kishkina took the initiative to contact Li Lisan and expressed her love to him.

Li Lisan also had a feeling of seeing each other late after meeting Kishkina. But because he has been married 3 times, and he is 34 years old this year, much older than Kishkina, so he told Kishkina that he did not want to delay her and rejected Kishkin Na's love.

Li Lisan was single when he went to the Soviet Union, but he did have three marriages before. His first marriage was arranged by his parents, and there was no conjugal love between him and his first wife, Mrs. Zhang. And Zhang Shi also died after giving birth to a boy; he and his second wife were married after falling in love, but this wife left Li Lisan after giving birth to a child; and his third wife was a party member His comrade also bore him three daughters, but in 1930, she was arrested after being betrayed by traitors and died unfortunately.

After these three marriages,Li Lisan has five children, and he doesn't want to drag Kishkina down.

Facing Li Lisan's past, Kishkina just kept shaking her head and said to Li Lisan, "It doesn't matter, I don't mind."

Kishkina was originally a Russian nobleman, she was a child Live a very happy life. But after the Soviet-Russian war broke out, the situation of Kishkina's family was getting worse day by day, and she and her parents often couldn't even get enough to eat. Under such circumstances, Kishkina's mother took her to Moscow to join relatives.

Kishkina's character is more and more lively and cheerful, even though she lives a life under the fence. Fortunately, fate does not make fun of this poor little girl. When the Soviet Union's economy recovered, her family's economic situation gradually improved. She later studied at the Book and News School in Moscow. After graduating from the Book and News School, Kishkina responded to the call of the Soviet government and became a publishing house. staff.

She was later admitted to the Moscow Foreign Languages ​​Teachers College, where she was still studying when she met Li Lisan.

Kishkina did not know that Li Lisan was her first love and will be her last love.

Kishkina has the bold personality of the Russians. She directly expressed her love to Li Lisan, but Li Lisan told her about her three marriages. What about three marriages? Kishkina only cares about how she feels in the moment.

In front of the sincere and frank Kishkina, Li Lisan also put down his worries, and he finally fell in love with Kishkina.

later,Li Lisan also told Kishkina that Li Ming was just his pseudonym, and his real name was Li Lisan. Only then did Kishkina know that her lover was a leader who once led workers to defend their rights, and she admired Li Lisan even more.

The reason why Kishkina saw Li Lisan at a party was because she liked China very much. Kishkina also taught herself a little Chinese.

In 1935, Li Lisan suddenly said to Kishkina very seriously on a date:

"If there is a need for work, I am always ready to follow the organization's transfer and return to China to participate in the White Terror. Underground struggle. By then, it will be difficult for us to meet, or even forever. Please think carefully about our future." Just thought about her and Li Lisan's future. This young woman is not afraid of the hardships of the revolution, nor is she afraid of being implicated, she is only afraid that Li Lisan is not by her side.

So, Kishkina replied to Li Lisan: "I don't want you to marry."

In February 1936, Kishkina knocked on the door of Li Lisan's residence with her clothes. It was also in this month that Kishkina accepted Li Lisan's proposal and married him. Their wedding was simple and warm, and the cheerful Kishkina was always smiling at the wedding. This love that crossed nationalities has finally entered the right track.

According to Russian custom, Kishkina adds her husband's surname "Li" after her name. But the name "Elizabeth Lee" is too long for Li Lisan and his friends. Kishkina asked Li Lisan to give herself a Chinese name. Li Lisan thought about it, and finally he named Kishkina " Lisa " based on the homonym of Kishkina's nickname "Lisa".

Li Sha was so happy with her Chinese name that she was excited to "show off" her new name to her relatives and friends, and asked everyone to call her that way in the future.

However, while Li Sha was immersed in the joy of her wedding, the Soviet Union launched a ruthless and ruthless "revolutionary" expansion campaign. Many senior Communist International cadres were arrested or executed, and Li Lisan did not escape. through this catastrophe. He was caught in jail.

Since Li Lisan was taken away by the army, there has been no news. Li Sha doesn't even know which prison Li Lisan was in. With no way to find her husband, Li Sha washed her face in tears all day, and tried her best to find her husband's trace.

One day, Li Sha was called by the college troupe to attend the league members meeting, and when she arrived at the meeting place, the regiment leader scolded Li Sha in front of all the members of the academy for not being a "people's man" like Li Lisan. Enemies" together, let her and Li Lisan divorce.

Li Sha really doesn't understand why the regiment organization did this. How did the regiment organization she once supported become like this? Li Sha knew that Li Lisan had never done anything bad, and he was not an "enemy of the people" at all. She asked the leader of the group very seriously:

"I have lived with Li Ming (pseudonym) for two years. He is a bad guy, how can I not see that?"

The leader of the group did not answer Li Sha's question,He just urged Li Sha to complete the divorce procedures as soon as possible, otherwise she would no longer be a member of the group.

The disheartened Li Sha immediately stood up. She walked to the table of the chairman of the meeting and threw her membership card on the table. After that, Li Sha left the meeting scene in silence.

On the third day after the meeting, Lisa's belongings were also thrown out of the college dormitory. And she and Li Lisan had to pay the room fee again, so Li Sha went back to her mother's house. To Li Sha's surprise, after she left the group, there were still many classmates in the academy who secretly sent her letters of encouragement, which filled the sad Li Sha with motivation to persevere.

Li Sha is looking for her husband Li Lisan while working. After asking around, she learned that Li Lisan was supposed to be in a prison in Moscow. But which prison in Moscow is he in? Lisa could not know.

In order to find Li Lisan, Li Shao used her rest days to run from prison to prison. In a flash, half a year passed, and Li Sha finally found the husband Li Lisan, whom she thought about day and night.

It turned out that the Soviet Ministry of Internal Affairs secretly detained Li Lisan in a small remote prison, just so that his wife and friends could not find him. Unexpectedly, Li Sha, who was persistent, found out where her husband was being held.

Li Sha was sure that Li Lisan was in this prison, but the prison guards did not let Li Sha and Li Lisan meet. She was only allowed to send some items and letters to her husband.

After that, every day off in the college, Li Sha would send a letter to Li Lisan. But because Li Sha only has a bursary of 250 rubles per month, she saves 50 rubles to bring to Li Lisan,Make his life in prison better. In addition, Li Sha will buy daily necessities and food to send to help Li Lisan get through that difficult time in prison.

Soon after, Li Lisan was dragged to the military court for trial. Li Sha was very worried, because after the trial, Li Lisan would be exiled to the very cold Siberia . Lisa couldn't imagine how her husband could survive in such a place alone.

Li Sha can only prepare as many cotton-padded clothes and quilts as possible for her husband with full of worries. But just as Li Lisan was going to Siberia, he was released.

It turned out that Li Lisan had to write a letter of complaint to Stalin in prison. Fortunately, Stalin saw the letter and he was acquitted.

The day Li Lisan left the prison, Li Sha was waiting for him at the prison gate early. When Li Lisan came out of the door, Li Sha trotted forward and hugged her husband, whom she hadn't seen for more than a year, tightly.

After that, Li Lisan continued to stay in the Soviet Union. In the blink of an eye, Li Lisan also lived in the Soviet Union for 15 years. During this period, Li Sha graduated from the Moscow Foreign Languages ​​Teachers College, and she also gave birth to a daughter for Li Lisan. Li Lisan took a Chinese name for his lovely daughter: Li Yingnan.

In 1946, Li Lisan finally got permission to return to China. He wanted to go back to China to continue participating in the revolution! Li Sha also decided to come to China with her husband.

Someone once persuaded Li Sha,Li Lisan came to the Soviet Union because he made a mistake. He might be "pushed out" when he goes back this time, and their life will definitely not be very good. But Li Sha said:

"Of course the daughter-in-law of the Chinese is going to China!"

After returning to China, Li Lisan and his wife and daughter lived in a Russian-style villa by Songhua River . After he settled his family, Li Lisan threw himself into revolutionary work. He was then appointed as the chief representative of the Northeast 3-member Group of the Military Adjustment Department, responsible for persuading the Kuomintang generals in the Northeast to surrender.

Li Sha applied for a job at Harbin Russian Academy and became a teacher.

Li Lisan went to Changchun, Jilin for work. During this time, Lisa bore him another daughter.

Before the founding ceremony of , Li Lisan was nominated by Chen Yun to be appointed as the executive vice chairman of All-China Federation of Trade Unions . Li Sha also came to Beijing with her two daughters, and the family finally reunited.

With Li Sha's care, Li Lisan devoted himself to the work. He also summed up the labor competition experience of Anshan Iron and Steel in Liaoning, and proposed the management method of "two reference, one change and three combination". His management method was later positioned by Chairman Mao as the "Anshan Iron and Steel Constitution".

1960,The relationship between China and the Soviet Union deteriorated. Li Lisan was dismissed from the post of Minister of Labor because he had Li Sha, his wife from the Soviet Union, and was unemployed at home.

One day, Kang Sheng sent a letter to Li Lisan, in which he mentioned that if he did not draw a clear line with Li Sha, his party membership might be affected. After reading the letter, Li Lisan did not have the idea of ​​divorcing Li Sha. On the contrary, he believed that this matter had nothing to do with Li Sha, and he would not divorce his beloved wife.

Later, Premier Zhou Enlai came to Li Lisan on behalf of the Central Committee. Premier Zhou told Li Lisan that the Central Committee's opinion was that he and Li Sha should be divorced. However, Premier Zhou also proposed a compromise solution, which is to let Li Sha give up her original nationality and become Chinese nationality.

In 1962, at the 10th Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, Premier Zhou and Kang Sheng again approached Li Lisan on behalf of the Central Committee to discuss his marriage with Li Sha.

Li Lisan could not bear to let his wife relinquish his nationality of his home country. He wrote to the leaders of the central government many times since then, and assured by his party spirit that Li Sha is politically reliable and that she is on the side of the party organization.

The central leadership also learned that Li Sha had left the Soviet organization in order to be with Li Lisan when she was in the Soviet Union, and she also risked her life to visit Li Lisan in prison many times. The relationship between Li Sha and Li Lisan is sincere and unbreakable.

In 1964, after careful consideration, Li Sha followed Premier Zhou's advice and became a Chinese citizen. On the day after completing the formalities for Chinese nationality,Li Lisan had been holding his wife's hand tightly, neither of them said a word, but Li Sha's eyes were full of tears. These tears are for the homeland where she was born and raised, and the Chinese land under her feet that her lover gave everything for.

Li Sha has since continued to teach at Beijing Foreign Studies University .

In 1967, bad luck struck the family of four again.

Li Lisan was wrongfully imprisoned, and Li Sha was imprisoned because she was from the Soviet Union. The two are in prison together, but they don't know what's going on with each other.

In the same year, Li Lisan committed suicide in prison. He died to show his innocence, but Li Sha knew nothing about it. It was during her interrogation that she accidentally learned that her husband had died.

Li Sha in prison was deeply saddened, but she also made up her mind to go out and clear Li Lisan's grievances!

Li Sha was imprisoned for a total of 8 years. After 8 years, she has learned Chinese and is finally released from prison. She can complete the decision to avenge her husband.

Li Sha's daughters went up the mountain to the countryside , and she was sent to live in the Agricultural Science Institute in Yuncheng, Shanxi. Li Sha picked up a pen and paper at her residence and began to write an appeal letter to the central government.

Soon after, Li Sha's two daughters also got in touch with her, and Li Sha, with her daughter to accompany her, is finally less lonely.

March 1980,The Party Central Committee rehabilitated Zhaoxue for Li Lisan and held a grand memorial service for him. To commemorate Li Lisan's contribution to China's revolutionary victory during his lifetime, the central government also sent people to restore Li Lisan's former residence in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province, and set up an exhibition hall in the former residence to inform future generations of Li Lisan's life stories.

Her husband's grievances were finally cleared up, and Lisa returned to the school to teach. She inherited her love for this land from her husband, and Li Sha once said:

"I also have the same feeling and will work hard for the rest of my life, devoting all my energy to the motherland of Comrade Li Lisan. In 1996, Li Sha left her office for more than 50 years due to a heart attack. podium.

In 1998, Lisa received the Pushkin Medal from the International Federation of Russian Teachers.

On May 12, 2015, Li Sha died in Beijing at the age of 101.

Li Sha, who went to heaven, is finally able to be with her husband Li Lisan.

(the picture and text are from the Internet, the copyright belongs to the original author)

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