said in Kawasami: How are the dead? The
River is the eastward flowing water of the Yangtze River, running westward day and night. So, Sichuan Province is called "Sichuan", are there really four rivers? The light is ignited-in fact it does not burn (yes).
The central city of Sichuan, formerly known as "Yizhou" in Tang Dynasty. Located in a basin, the water network in the region is vertical and horizontal. But the "Chuan" of Sichuan refers to the "Chuan" of Yimapingchuan.
During the Song Dynasty, the administrative divisions of countries are not called “provinces” but “roads”. The world is divided into fifteen ways. Later Sichuan included two roads "Xichuan" and "Xiaxi", so was also called "Chuanxia Road".
arrived in Xianping four years of the Northern Song Dynasty, when (1001 AD) "Chuanxia Road" was divided into Yizhou Road, Lizhou Road, Zizhou Road and Kuizhou Road. This was later "Sichuan".
Parts of Lizhou were included in Shaanxi during the Yuan Dynasty. However, Kuizhou belonged to Chongqing Fengjie, and after Chongqing became a municipality directly under the central government, it also separated from Sichuan.
So, today has only two Sichuan provinces, "Yizhou" (Chengdu area) and "Zizhou" (Mianyang, Santai area). However, many people do not understand this, and even mistakenly think it is the "chuan" in the river!
1. Sichuan's "disappeared" "two rivers"
Sichuan was called Yizhou in ancient times. Since the construction of Dujiangyan by Li Bing and his sons of the Qin Dynasty, Yizhou (Chengdu area) has been the economic, political and cultural center of the Sichuan Basin for more than two thousand years. is just that before the Yuan Dynasty, there was no mention of province in China's administrative divisions.
In the Qin Dynasty, Sichuan was called Yizhou; in the Tang Dynasty, Sichuan was called Jiannan Road. However, at that time, the jurisdiction of Jiannan Road was larger than it is now. In addition to some areas in Sichuan, it also includes Wen County in Gansu Province, Ailao Mountain in Yunnan, Lancang River, and some areas in northern Guizhou. After hundreds of years of changes,
roughly formed what was later called "Chuanxia Road", which was officially named Sichuan Province during the Yuan Dynasty. During the Ming Dynasty, the total area of Sichuan Province reached 570,000 square kilometers, which was the period with the largest administrative jurisdiction in Sichuan.
In ancient China, Hanzhong was the only way to enter the Sichuan Basin, and its military strategic position was very important. Since the ages of , all forces must pass through "Hanzhong" to enter Shu.
Therefore, in order to check and balance the local power in Sichuan, from the Yuan Dynasty to the 23rd year of the Yuan Dynasty (1286), the Yuan Dynasty divided the Hanzhong area into Shaanxi Province. and Hanzhong had always belonged to "Lizhou" until then. Therefore, during the Yuan Dynasty, Lizhou Road was divided into most parts. The one after
is divided into Kuizhou, which refers to the Fengjie area of Chongqing. Sichuan Province has a vast land and abundant resources, with only Chengdu as a central city, so it is difficult to fully radiate to the surrounding areas. Since the Yuan Dynasty or earlier, Chongqing has become an important water transportation hub in Sichuan because of its close proximity to the Yangtze River.
During the War of Resistance Against Japan, Chongqing, as the accompanying capital, accepted a large number of factories, schools and political institutions transferred from the northern central city. Slowly formed its own scale.
Later, the country wanted to realize the South-to-North Water Diversion and began the construction of the Three Gorges Dam, so Chongqing was designated as a municipality directly under the Central Government in June 1997 for resettlement issues. Since then, Sichuan has lost another stream.
2. Humanities and customs in Sichuan
Some people say that Bashu are actually two ethnic groups, with different origins since ancient times. Sichuanese, represented by people from Yizhou (Chengdu area), belonged to the "State of Shu" in ancient times, while people from Chongqing belonged to the "State of Ba" in ancient times.
Shu people rely on the flood plain formed by Dujiangyan to develop production, while the Ba people are relatively backward and are descendants of the mountain nation. Therefore, there are certain differences in personalities between the two places. For example, Chengdu people are thoughtful and emotional, while Chongqing people are hot-tempered and straightforward.
But if you look only at the looks, there is no difference between the people of the two places. When outsiders see a few people from Sichuan and Chongqing standing together, they generally don't feel that there is too much difference in their personality, behavior and living habits. This is why?
That's because: people in Sichuan and Chongqing nowadays, more than eighty-nine percent of Chengdu are the descendants of immigrants in the early Qing Dynasty. Chongqing is even more special, with the number of immigrants in historyCount up to eight times. The first immigration of
occurred in 314 BC. After Qin destroyed Pakistan, Zhang Ruo was stationed in Badi. Later, during the Three Kingdoms, the Jin Dynasty, the Jingkang Period of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the Red Turban Army uprising of the Yuan Dynasty, there were large-scale emigration throughout the country. Later, Huguang filled Sichuan twice, and during the Anti-Japanese War, Chongqing brought a large number of immigrants as the rear of China.
Nowadays, people in Sichuan and Chongqing, counted three generations from their ancestors, and it is basically impossible to find "indigenous people". is just the difference between plain culture and dock culture, which caused a slight difference in the personalities of the two regions.
However, the overall Sichuanese character of was reshaped after the great emigration. The language is a national hodgepodge of dialects, and the living habits are also a national hodgepodge, looks similar.
So, how can outsiders judge whether a person is from Sichuan? Of course, is judged by listening to them, because Sichuan dialect has some unique features. You listen to him like Sichuan, he is Sichuan!
had a friend from Yichang before, who was often on business trips. When she spoke, she was said to be from Sichuan, so she said that her hometown of Yichang should be assigned to Sichuan. Of course, there is another reason for her to say this, that is, she likes Sichuan. She finds Sichuan's history, geography, humanities and customs are very attractive.
In ancient times when the transportation was not developed, Sichuan became a country of its own because of the terrain. Plants, animals and mineral resources in the basin are very rich. The air is humid and the water is abundant, making it suitable for retreat. Of course, is also suitable for people with other intentions to raise soldiers. Liu Bang fought out from here, and Liu Bei was also, but he didn't succeed.
In some times when society was relatively turbulent, ordinary people would like to go to Sichuan to open up wasteland if they could not live any longer. In the early Ming and Qing dynasties, the imperial court encouraged the “vagrants” to enter the Sichuan to reclaim wasteland. Once the wasteland is reclaimed, the ownership of the land belongs to the farmers.
In Sichuan, where natural conditions are superior, it is far easier to open up wasteland and farm, and to obtain living resources for than in the Central Plains and Northwest China. As long as you have a little bit of mind, you can be self-sufficient in life easily by being a small trader and hawker here.
Besides, Sichuanese are the descendants of immigrants. They have experienced many changes, and finally settle down and become "happy for life" and focus on enjoyment. The pace of life of people in the entire area is half a beat slower than outside. young people have stayed for a long time, and there will be many changes following .
Sichuan locals also feel that this is "unwanted". As a result, Sichuan became two Sichuans, and the people of the two Sichuans who went out brought the warning of "not entering Sichuan" to the whole country.
Conclusion
Sichuan in Sichuan Province actually refers to mountains and rivers, not rivers. Sichuan used to have four "roads": Yizhou Road (in Chengdu), Lizhou Road (Hanzhong area), Zizhou Road (Santai) and Kuizhou Road (Fengjie, Chongqing). The four areas are collectively called "Chuanxia Road", so it is also called Sichuan.
In the Yuan Dynasty, part of Lizhou was marked out. In 1997, the Kuizhou area was also zoned out. Therefore, in Sichuan today, there are only two Sichuan provinces, "Yizhou" and "Zuzhou".
