Ma Jun, with the word Deheng, was a person from the Wei State Fufeng during the Three Kingdoms period. He is a master of machinery in ancient China. Many of his inventions played a significant role in the development of productive forces at that time. Because he has deep attainments in transmission machinery, he was highly regarded by people at that time, and he was called "the famous clever in the world".
Ge Hong said in "Baopuzi·Bianwen": the most skillful carve is called the wooden sage, so Zhang Heng and Ma Jun have the name of the wooden sage. .
He was different from other children since he was a child. He had the same stuttering problem as Deng Ai, so he naturally did not like to talk and communicate. But he likes to think, is good at using his brain, and pays much attention to practice, especially like to delve into mechanical issues.
Family conditions are poor, so I improved Lingji and became famous for it. He was also serving as a staff member in the Wei Dynasty, while developing machinery. Although he was not very ambitious in his life, he worked hard to design and manufacture many kinds of machinery. At the time of Emperor Wei Ming, seeing that the loom had 50 warps (foot control board) and 60 warps at that time, the loom was changed to twelve, which greatly improved the efficiency.
In Luoyang, he invented the irrigation and drainage water truck, called the "turnover truck", which uses manpower to lift water from low to high.
The guide car was invented during the period of the Yellow Emperor. When it came to the Three Kingdoms, the guide car was lost. One day, in front of Emperor Wei Ming, some ministers argued with Ma Jun whether there is a guide car. Ma Jun said yes, some ministers said no. Emperor Wei Ming ordered Ma Jun to build a guide car. Ma Jun had no information or model, but just like that, he just completed the task and built the guide car.
The "Water-turned-all-play" he made uses water as the power and a mechanical wooden wheel as a transmission device, so that the puppets can perform automatically. The idea is very clever.
Ma Jun also improved Zhuge Liang's continuous crossbow, which increased its efficiency by five times, and designed a new type of wheeled stone car, which uses a wooden wheel to hang the stone on the wooden wheel, so that the machine can drive the wheel fast By turning the ground, the big rocks can be shot out one after another, making the enemy too late to defend. Ma Jun used wheels to make experiments, and he could shoot dozens of bricks and tiles continuously hundreds of steps away (one step is about 1.45 meters), which was quite powerful at the time.
Literary scholar Fu Xuan said with deep emotion: "Mr. Ma’s cleverness is inferior to the old public defeat (Luban), Mo Di, and Zhang Heng in the Han Dynasty. But when both public losses and Mo Di can be seen and used, Zhang Heng and Ma Jun’s lives were not able to make use of their strengths. It is the most sad thing." Fu Xuan’s words show how many inventors were buried in feudal society. fact.
Ma Jun’s invention, although not valued by the feudal aristocracy, was welcomed by the working people. For more than a thousand years, his achievements and reputation have been praised by the working people.
