Huangfu Mi, (AD 214-282), whose courtesy name was Shi'an, and whose name was Mr. Xuanyan, was born in Chaona, Anding County (now Lingtai County, Pingliang City, Gansu Province). He was a famous scholar, medical scientist, and historian in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. He made extraordinary achievements in literature, history, and medicine.
Huang Fumi was born into a famous family in the Eastern Han Dynasty.
The sixth ancestor Huangfuleng was the general of Du Liao, the fifth ancestor Huangfu Banner was the captain of Fufeng, and the fourth ancestor Huangfujie was the prefect of Yanmen. Jie's younger brother Huangfu Gui was both civil and military. He was a famous Anqiang general at that time. He was promoted to general and minister of Liao Dynasty, and was granted the title of Tinghou. He was one of the " Liangzhou Sanming ".
Great-grandfather Huangfu Song had meritorious service in suppressing the Yellow Turban Uprising, and was worshiped as General Zhengxi and Taiwei. Later, the Huangfu clan gradually declined. Huangfu Mi's grandfather, Huangfu Shuxian, served as the Baling Order, and his father, Huangfu Shuhou, was only praised for his filial piety and integrity.
Huang Fumi, a playful boy, lost his mother shortly after he was born, and his family declined further. He was adopted by his uncle. When he was 15 years old, he moved to Xin'an (today's Xin'an County, Henan Province) with his uncle, and spent his childhood and youth amid the war.
He had been playful since he was a child and had no ambition to make progress. He and the village boys weaved thorns into shields and used staffs into spears. At the age of 20, he is still wandering around and has no desire to learn, so people think he is crazy.
Once, he donated the fruits he got to his aunt Ren. According to the "Book of Jin·Huangfu Mi Biography", Ren said:
"The Book of Filial Piety says that 'raising three animals is still unfilial.' You are more than 20 years old. You have no education in your eyes and no Taoism in your heart. How can you comfort me?" He sighed and said: "In the past, Meng's mother moved to Sanjing and became a benevolent person. My great-father cooked hogs and taught me. How can I live without knowing my neighbors and my teachings are lacking? How can I be so pure! Cultivate yourself and study hard, since you What does it have to do with me? "
What my aunt said was to the effect: "The "Book of Filial Piety" says that although a person often uses cattle, sheep, and pigs to support his parents, if he is uneducated, incompetent, and incompetent, he is still an unfilial person. You are 20 years old now, but you don’t study. No matter how filial you are, how can I feel relieved when you look like this? "
Huangfu Mi suddenly woke up and felt the pain and shed tears, so he studied hard and studied hard. Huang Fumi has since changed his ways and is determined to forge ahead. He found that the chronology before the Han Dynasty was incomplete, so he studied ancient books, learned from hundreds of schools of thought, screened them, and wrote vigorously to verify and supplement the major events in history. At the age of 26, he wrote "The Emperor's Century" and "Almanac".
"The Book of Jin·The Biography of Huangfu Mi" records: "(Mi) was diligent and diligent. He lived in poverty, farmed his own crops, and farmed with scriptures, and then he comprehensively studied the classics and hundreds of schools of thought. He was quiet and had no desires, and he had noble aspirations. He devoted himself to writing and named himself Mr. Xuanyan. He wrote "Rites and Music" and "Shengzhen"."
In the prime of life
html When he was 340 years old, his aunt passed away, so Huangfumi returned to his hometown, Lingtai Chaona, his birthplace, and continued to devote himself to writing books. At the age of 42 (AD 256), he unfortunately suffered from rheumatoid arthritis, also known as rheumatoid arthritis. After taking traditional Chinese medicine, he still didn't get better, so he devoted himself to studying medicine, conducted experimental treatments on himself based on the acupuncture methods in the Yellow Emperor's Internal Classic, and began to compile "China's first acupuncture monograph" - "Acupuncture and Moxibustion Classics A and B".
46 years old, he has become a famous scholar with a prominent reputation. Sima Zhao issued an imperial edict to recruit him as an official.
Huang Fumi was repeatedly ordered not to be an official for more than 10 years. Until Emperor Wu of Jin Dynasty still issued many edicts, recommending him as "virtuous and upright", "Prince Zhongshu", "Yi Lang", "Writer Lang", "Meritorious Cao" and other positions. It is said that he once went to Longmen Cave and Pingliang Kongtong Mountain in Shaanxi Province to avoid the imperial edict.
After experiencing countless winds, frosts, colds and heats, spring and autumn years, Huangfumi tried acupuncture countless times with reference to the preliminary understanding of the human body's meridians, blood vessels and more than 100 acupuncture points in the "Huangdi Neijing", and continued to explore experimental acupuncture. Special steel needles are inserted into acupuncture points to unify the meridians, and act on related organs and organs through the meridians and blood vessels to achieve the purpose of alleviating or curing diseases.
He found that there are still many unclear expressions and inaccurate judgments about acupuncture in existing medical books, which is very detrimental to the practice of doctors. And if the acupuncture points are not found accurately, acupuncture will not only fail to cure the disease, but will also cause damage.
Therefore, Huangfu Mi "studied the relationship between heaven and man, understood the changes of ancient and modern times, and became a family". By combining the achievements of his predecessors, he "delete the rhetoric, remove the repetition, and discuss the essence." Integrating his own practice, he constantly revised and improved the acupuncture method of human acupoints and meridians to improve the theoretical guidance and scientific operability.
Success in later years
68 years old (AD 282), after more than 20 years of hard work, the masterpiece "Acupuncture and Moxibustion A and B", which is famous throughout the ages and will shine forever, was finally completed.
"Acupuncture Classic A and B", referred to as " A B Classic ", also known as "The Yellow Emperor's Three Acupuncture Classics" and "The Yellow Emperor's Acupuncture Classic A and B". The book has 12 volumes and 128 articles in total. The first six volumes discuss the basic theory of acupuncture and acupoints, and the last six volumes record the treatment methods of various diseases, including causes, pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis, acupoint selection, acupuncture, and prognosis.
The whole book adopts the division and classic classification method, summarizing and absorbing "Huangdi Neijing·Suwen" Based on the essence of classical medical works such as "L3 Acupuncture Meridian " and "Mingtang Ji Point Acupuncture Treatment Essentials", 349 acupoints were determined, 189 more than the "Huangdi Neijing", the meridian distribution and location of acupoints were clarified, the names of acupoints were unified, and the correct names and aliases were distinguished.
At the same time, it adopts the line-by-section method to divide 35 meridians such as the head, face, neck, chest, abdomen, and limbs. It details the indications and contraindications of acupuncture points, the depth of acupuncture, and the number of moxibustion. It is the earliest and most comprehensive monograph on acupuncture and moxibustion in my country.
Especially when Huangfumi named acupoints, he deliberately used his hometown "lingtai" as the name of an acupoint. "Lingtai point" and "Shou Sanli point" are closely related to Sanli Village, Chaona Town, Lingtai County, where he was born.
"Acupuncture Classic A and B" played a huge role in the development of Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion. Acupuncture works from the Jin Dynasty to the Song Dynasty, such as " Tongren Acupoint Acupuncture Illustration ", the acupuncture points and indications basically do not exceed the scope of this book; such as " Acupuncture and Moxibustion Zisheng Jing" and other monographs are all compiled according to this book; in the Ming and Qing dynasties, such as " Acupuncture and Moxibustion Juying " and " Acupuncture Dacheng " and other monographs were developed on the basis of this book.
The Medical Department of the Tang Dynasty established the Department of Acupuncture and made it a required textbook for doctors. This book spread abroad and attracted special attention from Japan and North Korea. In 701 AD, the Japanese law "Daho Ryuto" clearly stipulated that "Acupuncture and Moxibustion A and B Sutra" was listed as one of the required readings for doctors.
To this day, although there are slight changes in the names of acupuncture points in traditional Chinese medicine in my country, they all follow it in principle.
Wang Tao, a medical scientist in the Tang Dynasty , commented on this book: "It is a secret treasure for treating people, and later scholars should follow it."
"Acupuncture and Moxibustion Classics A and B" has been passed down through the ages and is famous at home and abroad. It laid the theoretical foundation of acupuncture and moxibustion in traditional Chinese medicine, pioneered acupuncture medicine in the world, and set a shining example for acupuncture and moxibustion in later generations.
Huangfu Mi was different from the popular customs. He did not follow the trend and was tired of official duties. As a civilian scholar, he wrote many books except "Acupuncture and Moxibustion Classics A and B", and he was indeed the "richest man" in the Wei and Jin Dynasties.
"Century of the Emperors", "Almanac", "Biography of Gao Shi", "Biography of Yishi", "Biography of Women", "Chronicles of Prefectures and Countries", "Records of Capital City" and other literary and historical works have been widely adopted, and they have been extensively researched and examined to build up history.
"Xuan Yan's Spring and Autumn Annals", "Guigu's Notes", "Sandu Fu Preface", "Shi Quanlun", etc., are treasures and gems, and they are unique in the field of literature.
Therefore, the "Book of Jin: The Biography of Huangfu Mi" commented on him: "Huangfu Mi lived in seclusion and chastity, lived in leisure to recuperate from illness, and was merciful in sharpening his pen. He paid tribute to the mounds and tombs, and his crown was not enough to be proud of. He was not ashamed to be poor and lowly. He was indeed unyielding. He was the master of the Jin Dynasty!"
Li Julai also praised in his "Shu Guwen Shang Shu Yue Ci Hou": "No one was as rich as Huang Fumi in writing books during the Jin Dynasty."
Huang Fumi was also praised for his ability to promote talents. During the Taikang period, there was a young man named Zuo Si, who spent many years completing the magnificent "Sandu Fu". But when he met with the famous literary figures at that time, no one appreciated him. Huangfu Mi read "Sandu Fu" and praised it greatly, and he was pleased to write the "Preface to Sandu Fu" for it.
celebrities wrote the preface, which was the icing on the cake. "Sandu Fu" became very popular in Luoyang . Rich families and Confucian scholars rushed to copy it. For a while, the price of paper rose sharply, and the phenomenon of "Luoyang paper is expensive" suddenly appeared. Huangfu Mi valued talent over family status, which has become a literary legend for thousands of years.
In 282 AD, Huang Fumi passed away in Zhangaopo Village, Dadian Town, Lingtai County, after completing 68 years of life of material poverty and spiritual wealth. The eldest son, Huangfu Tong Ling, and the second son, Huangfu Fang, complied with his will and buried their father simply on the Zhangaopo plateau. The world called him "Huangfu Tomb". Huangfu Mi's tomb was also listed as a provincial key cultural relic protection unit.
In order to commemorate the ancestors, future generations built the Huangfumi Cultural Park in Zhang'aopo Village, Dudian Town.
Famous Chinese calligrapher Shen Peng, former chairman of the Chinese Calligraphers Association Zhang Hai Inscription: "Huang Fumi, the originator of Chinese acupuncture" "Huangfu's physician and philosopher will be admired by all generations"; the famous coupletist Yao Yi wrote a couplet: The warmth of the place where the masters of Chinese literature, history and philosophy live will always be there, and the world's originator of acupuncture and moxibustion is buried here.
In the year when Huang Fumi passed away, the "Acupuncture Jia and B Jing" was also written and handed down to the world. For more than a thousand years, it still plays a miraculous and immortal role in relieving pain for countless people.
Just as Huangfu Mi is revered as the "originator of acupuncture in the world" and is also listed by UNESCO as the only world historical and cultural celebrity with the same name as Confucius in ancient Chinese history, he will always shine in the vast sky of human medicine.
