year Gengyao family background
year Gengyao, whose courtesy name is Lianggong and whose nickname is Shuangfeng , is a native of the Han army's Huangqi Banner, and the second son of Hubei Governor year old, born in the 18th year of Kangxi (1679). His grandfather Nian Zhonglong was originally a middle-level military officer family in Guangning, Liaodong. Because the Qing Dynasty conquered Guangning, the Nian family had to enter the Eight Banners , which belonged to the White Banners .
, Zhonglong himself was quite a master. He passed the imperial examination in the 11th year of Shunzhi (1654). In the 12th year of Shunzhi (1655), he was awarded the 14th place in the third place and was named the 14th Jinshi. He also entered the officialdom by taking the imperial examination, and his son Nianxialing entered the officialdom by "official". Fortunately, he did not pay much attention to the imperial examination in the early Qing Dynasty, and because of his being a "banner", Nianxialing was naturally trusted by the rulers more than the Han people.
Nian Gengyao is different from his father. He likes to study since he was a child and is magnanimous and talented. Therefore, he was valued by Nalan Mingzhu and married his granddaughter (the daughter of Nalan Xingde ) to Nian Gengyao. Unfortunately, Nalan's family was not old and died two years later. Nalan Mingzhu married his family's honorary nephew and grandson to him. Because of the Nalan family's relationship, Nian Gengyao has such a relationship with " Baye Party ".
In the 39th year of Kangxi (1700), Nian Gengyao was awarded the Jinshi and was awarded the same Jinshi. Because of his relationship with the bannerman, he was appointed as the Shujishi by Kangxi . He went to the Hanlin Academy to study. Zhang Tingyu was also the same as Nian Gengyao.
In the 44th year of Kangxi (1705), he served as the chief examiner of the Sichuan Provincial Examination, and in the 47th year of Kangxi (1708), he served as the chief examiner of the Guangdong Provincial Examination.
Dividing point was in the 48th year of Kangxi (1709). In this year, Gengyao was appointed as the governor of Sichuan by Kangxi. This was an extraordinary promotion. Therefore, Nian Gengyao was grateful and wrote a letter; " is a mediocre fool, and has received kindness for three lifetimes." " should try his best to report ". In the same year, the fourth son of the emperor, Yinzhen, was promoted from Beile to Prince, and was given the title of "Yong", and was the owner of the white flag of the inlaid. In , Gengyao and his family were all assigned to Yinzhen, and in , Gengyao became the old man of Yongzheng's vassal residence.
Kangxi and Nian Gengyao
Nian Gengyao was extremely diligent in the office of governor of Sichuan because of Kangxi's "super promotion". After taking office, I only took more than ten days to find out the situation in Sichuan - " in less than ten days to know the general situation in Sichuan. In February 1710, the 49th year of Kangxi, he proposed various measures to promote profit and eliminate disadvantages. Kangxi agreed to most of the treasurys, and said to Nian Gengyao, "His news about Sichuan Province is like this. I don't know the details. I will know that it is true after reading the memorial. You have to be a leader of the border and have to always be a good official. This is my deep hope."
In the same year, Nian Gengyao and the Admiral Yue Shenglong encircled and suppressed the foreign people. On the way to march, he heard that the Admiral Yue Shenglong had already dealt with the foreign people. Nian Gengyao did not think much about it and ordered the withdrawal of troops. As a result, Nian Gengyao was impeached by the Governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and withdrawn his troops without authorization. He was convicted of the Ministry of Personnel and seized his post. Kangxi ordered him to be lenient and remain in office, which is " dismissed from his post and remained in office.
"each one after another" and Kangxi immediately gained Nian Gengyao's infinite loyalty.
From then on, Nian Gengyao studied his experience in being an official and handling government affairs. Because Sichuan Miao people are mixed and have different temperaments, the rebellion of foreign people happens from time to time. In addition to carefully summarizing experience, Nian Gengyao also actively collects Miaomin information, which provides convenience for better governance of Sichuan.
For example, in May 1716, Puxiong's land of Qianhu Najiao and others were in danger of rebellion. The general of Jianchang Town, Zhang Youfeng, was nearly 80 years old. His will was in a state of disarray, and the army was decomposed and the soldiers failed to succeed in several attempts. Nian Gengyao had to take action himself. After his in-depth investigation, he adopted the strategy of "attacking the heart first and attacking the city first" to differentiate and disintegrate some foreigners. Within 20 days, "'s suppression and peace situation was completed and 89:9 " was completed.
In 1717, Cewang Arabtan sent his general Dace Lingdundobu to attack Tibet. When Emperor Kangxi heard the news, he sent Beizi yun 博 博 to take charge of Xining as General Fuyuan. A large part of the reason why Kangxi was able to make decisions immediately came from Nian Gengyao's information. After Nian Gengyao took office in Sichuan, he actively sent people to inquire about information, including Tibet, and the information he obtained was relatively accurate, such as the death of Lazang, " Ming is the seller of Da Kezi, and reported that " Gongdanzhong and his Shuchahan Danjin were not in harmony, so he tried his best to attach ".
Therefore, on October 20, 1717, Kangxi issued an edict: "Having the rise of the army in 5th year, Gengyao has been very aware of his work and can measure the soldiers who went west to suppress the enemy. Together with the people of Qinghai Gongdanzhong, he transported food, rice and grain to help. It is commendable. In the past, Sichuan also had a governor. Nian Gengyao was the governor and stopped policing civil affairs and had no responsibility for supervising the army. Seeing that the military operation is important today, Nian Gengyao was appointed as the governor of Sichuan. ”
Nian Gengyao was promoted from governor to governor. Because during the Kangxi period, Shaanxi, Gansu and Sichuan were all managed by the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, Kangxi's move was equivalent to dividing the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi into two, one as the governor of Shaanxi and the other as the governor of Sichuan, which was equivalent to giving a position specifically for Nian Gengyao.
In the 57th year of Kangxi (1718), Emperor Kangxi launched a quasi-preservation campaign, and Nian Gengyao fulfilled his duties to ensure the logistics supply of the army. In February 1721, the 60th year of Kangxi, Nian Gengyao submitted a request to you to see you. This time, the meeting was in Nian Gengyao's own words, ", the encounter in the world cannot be achieved by dreams." . At the same time, Kangxi also promoted Nian Gengyao from the Governor of Sichuan to the Governor of Shaanxi. Before Nian Gengyao left Beijing, Emperor Kangxi said: "I have no doubt about you anymore, and you don't have to doubt about you."
At this moment, it should be Nian Gengyao's most "happiest" moment. But the good times did not last long. Nian Gengyao's Bole Emperor Kangxi died on November 13, 1722.
Yongzheng and Nian Gengyao
Yongzheng came to power, and the first thing he did was to recall Fuyuan General Fourteen Beiziyun , and ordered the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi Nian Gengyao to manage military affairs. In order to win over this "old man from the vassal residence", Yongzheng carried the Nian family from one of the five lower flags to the yellow flag of the upper three upper flags in February 1723. In addition, Nian Gengyao's sister later became the concubine of Emperor Yongzheng.
Yongzheng did this because the nobles of Qing were unwilling to recognize him as the emperor. Yongzheng had to appease the nobles of Qing dynasties, such as the eighth prince Yinsi , etc., while trying to win over other forces, such as Longkodo and Nian Gengyao. Especially Nian Gengyao, because he had the military and political power in the northwest and had more than 100,000 troops, as long as Nian Gengyao could support Yongzheng, Yongzheng would have the confidence to suppress oppositions such as Yinsi.
But the problem is that Nian Gengyao was promoted by Kangxi, and Nian Gengyao himself was "indifferent" to Yongzheng. This will test Yongzheng's ability to "wind" is.
So, some "slanderous" words also appeared in Yongzheng's words to Nian Gengyao. For example, after Nian Gengyao quelled Luobuzang Danjin rebellion, Yongzheng was able to get a shot of a strong heart, which allowed Yongzheng to stabilize his status. Yongzheng published a long article, and the words were as follows;
"I really have no intention of making a ruthless and dissatisfied thoughts, out of sincerity, only heaven can express it . If you say that I am not blessed, how could this be reasonable? … The West Sea has been in a hurry and in a critical moment… Your service is to help me fulfill my unfinished affairs. In terms of reason, they are all my heroes... all my kindnesses. Although I am vulgar and rude, I dare not listen to it, but I really have such a heart and think so. If I celebrate my own personal tribute, I can really create great fortunes and be blessed. Only by adding my hands to God, I can pray for the success of God at all times, and I will always be warned and not change my will."
also such as; even says: " in short.It’s all your own benefit. If I let you down in my life, I have never been as unfaithful as I am since the founding of the country. ”
In addition to words, they also often appreciate some items in Nian Gengyao, such as mink , purse, deer tail, gown jacket, Dongzhu , book fans, clocks, medicines, Western things and other dazzling things. Once, Nian Gengyao gave the fresh lychee school, which was transmitted through the six-day post station from the capital to Xi'an to keep the lychees delicious.
In addition to "Rice Soup", Yongzheng also gave Nian Gengyao great power. Anyone who was Nian Gengyao guaranteed the report was approved by the officials. For example, in the first month of the first year of Yongzheng, he recommended fifteen officials from Sichuan and Shaanxi at one time. These people later either became local officials or senior generals of the army, so there was a saying that " selected ".
Under this kind of flattery, a large number of officials defected to Nian Gengyao, and these people were of different quality. For example, Nian Gengyao evaluated Zhao Zhiyuan "mediocre" and "no order to be governor". When Zhao Zhiyuan gave Nian Gengyao a lot of money, Nian Gengyao tried to ensure that he was "used".
is this kind of "flattery", which made Nian Gengyao forget his feelings.
result
Yongzheng 2 In November 1724, Yongzheng warned Nian Gengyao with "" . "I am not a young emperor, so I must wait for Nian Gengyao to give me guidance?", but Nian Gengyao ignored it. In December, he wrote an edict saying, "... My thoughts, the gods of heaven and earth, the sages of the emperor have been learning for a long time. My king and ministers will encourage it and be cautious. "The warning was issued again, and Nian Gengyao still ignored it.
In the first month of 1725, Yongzheng, Yongzheng, appointed Nian Gengyao's political enemy Cai Yan as the left censor. Cai Yao has been resisting Gengyao and was falsely accused of complaining about his greed and desecration. In March, Nian Gengyao congratulated him and mistakenly wrote ", " as ", ", which once again stimulated Yongzheng.
Since then, has exposed Nian Gengyao's crimes. After a while, he impeached Nian Gengyao. In December 1725, the third year of Yongzheng, the Ministry of Justice , based on the participation of various places, Yongzheng listed Nian Gengyao's 92 serious crimes, and ordered him to commit suicide. His family's children over 15 years old were sent to the Jibian to serve as military force.
historical books evaluated Emperor Yongzheng's " mean and polite ", these four words were very appropriate. In history, Nian Gengyao was indeed rebellious, at most he was forgetful. If it was Emperor Kangxi, he would probably be promoted while beating, but Nian Gengyao encountered Emperor Yongzheng. As long as it was a big mistake, it would be doomed.
